Danyelle Shared "pharm final" - 35 Picmonics
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pharm final
Metronidazole
- Mechanism of Action
- Bactericidal
- Forms Free Radical Toxic Metabolites
- Damages DNA
- Indications
- Giardia lamblia
- Entamoeba Histolytica
- Trichomonas
- Gardnerella
- Anaerobes
- Side Effects
- Metallic taste
- Disulfiram like Reaction with Alcohol
2 mins
Ondansetron
- Indications
- Postoperative Vomiting
- Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting
- Mechanism
- 5-HT3 Serotonergic Antagonist
- Centrally-acting Antiemetic
- Side Effects
- Headache
- Constipation
- QT Prolongation
1 min
Promethazine (Phenergan)
- Mechanism
- Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist
- Weak Dopamine Antagonist
- Indications
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Motion Sickness
- Side Effects
- Respiratory Depression
- Sedation
- Anticholinergic Effects
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
- Considerations
- Use Large Bore IV
- Monitor for Tissue Necrosis
2 mins
Cimetidine and Famotidine (H2 Receptor Blockers)
- -tidine Suffix
- Mechanism
- H2 Receptor Blocker
- Indications
- Suppress Gastric Acid Secretion
- Side Effects (All)
- Pneumonia
- Side Effects - Cimetidine
- Anti-androgen Effects
- CNS Changes
2 mins
Sucralfate (Carafate)
- Mechanism
- Creates Protective Barrier
- Indications
- GI Ulcers
- Side Effects
- Constipation
- Considerations
- Require Acidic Environment
- Give on Empty Stomach
- Oral Suspension Available
- May Decrease Absorption of Other Meds
2 mins
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Mechanism
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Indications
- Tonic-clonic Seizures
- Side Effects
- Ataxia
- Nystagmus
- Sedation
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Purple Glove Syndrome
- Hirsutism
- Rash
- Anemia
- Considerations
- Individualized Dosing
2 mins
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
- Mechanism
- Inactivates Na+ Channels
- Indications
- Seizures
- Bipolar Disorder
- Trigeminal Neuralgia
- Side Effects
- Nystagmus
- Ataxia
- Hepatotoxicity
- Blood Dyscrasias
- Water Retention
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- Considerations
- Avoid Grapefruit Juice
2 mins
Valproic Acid (Depakote)
- Mechanism
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Increases GABA Concentration
- Indications
- Tonic-clonic Seizures
- Bipolar Disorder
- Migraine Prophylaxis
- Side Effects
- Hepatotoxicity
- Blood Dyscrasias
- GI Distress
- Tremor
- Pancreatitis
1 min
Valproic Acid (Valproate) Side Effects
- V-A-L-P-R-O-A-T-E
- Vomiting
- Alopecia
- Liver Toxicity
- Pancreatitis/Pancytopenia
- Retain Fat (Weight Gain)
- Oedema (Edema)
- Appetite Increase
- Tremor
- Enzyme Inhibitor (P450)
2 mins
Peptic Ulcer Disease Interventions
- Combination Drug Therapy
- Two Antibiotics
- Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
- Decrease Acid Secretion
- Avoid NSAIDs
- Diet and Lifestyle Changes
1 min
Metoclopramide
- Indications
- Antiemetic
- Promotility Agent
- Mechanism
- Increased Resting Tone
- Antagonist at D2 Receptor
- Side Effects
- Parkinsonian Symptoms
- Galactorrhea
- Contraindication
- Small Bowel Obstruction
- Parkinson's Disease
2 mins
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
- "-prazole" Suffix
- Indications
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
- Gastritis
- Peptic Ulcer
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Mechanism
- Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
- Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
- Side Effects
- Hip Fracture
- Pneumonia
2 mins
Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
- Mechanism
- Low Potency Antipsychotic
- Indications
- Schizophrenia
- Hiccups
- Side Effects
- Sedation
- Weight Gain
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Anticholinergic Effects
- QT Prolongation
- Neuroendocrine Effects
- Caution in Seizure Patients
- Corneal Deposits
2 mins
Atypical Antipsychotics
- Indications
- Schizophrenia
- Mechanism of Action
- Unknown Mechanism
- Side Effects
- Seizures
- Prolonged QT Interval
- Agranulocytosis
- Weight Gain
- Fewer Extrapyramidal Side Effects
- Fewer Anticholinergic Side Effects
2 mins
Tourette Syndrome
- Characteristics
- Motor and Vocal Tics
- Onset Before Age 18
- > 1 year
- Associations
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
- TREATMENT
- Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- High-Potency Antipsychotics
- Atypical Antipsychotics
- Alpha-2 Agonists
- Tetrabenazine
4 mins
Lithium
- Mechanism of Action
- Mood Stabilizer
- Unknown Mechanism
- Indications
- Bipolar Disorder
- Side Effects
- Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
- Hypothyroidism
- Tremor
- Heart Block
- Contraindication
- Pregnancy
- Considerations
- Monitor Plasma Levels
2 mins
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Reuptake of Serotonin
- Indications
- Depression
- Side Effects
- Sexual Dysfunction
- CNS Stimulation
- Weight Changes
- Serotonin Syndrome
- Contraindications
- No MAO-Is
- No Anticoagulants / Antiplatelets
- Considerations
- Suicide Risk
- Delayed Onset of Action
2 mins
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) Indications
- Indications
- Major Depression
- Bedwetting
- Fibromyalgia
- OCD
- Drugs
- -Iptyline or -Ipramine Suffix
- Amitriptyline
- Desipramine
- Clomipramine
- Imipramine
- Nortriptyline
2 mins
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Reuptake of Norepinephrine and Serotonin
- Indications
- Depression
- Bipolar Disorder
- Fibromyalgia
- Side Effects
- Sedation
- Orthostatic Hypotension
- Anticholinergic Effects
- Cardiac Toxicity
- Considerations
- Delayed Effect
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
Risperidone (Risperdal)
- Mechanism
- Atypical Antipsychotic
- Indications
- Schizophrenia
- Bipolar Mania
- Autism-Associated Irritability
- Side Effects
- Extrapyramidal Symptoms
- Hyperprolactinemia
- Gynecomastia
- Galactorrhea
- Amenorrhea
- Prolonged QT
- Considerations
- Intramuscular Long Acting (Depot) Form
2 mins
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