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Anna Shared "Pathophysiology Module 4" - 43 Picmonics

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Pathophysiology Module 4

Atopic Dermatitis / Eczema
Presentation
Pruritic Vesicles
Inflammatory Skin Rash
Cheeks in Children
Skin Flexural Areas
Associated with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis
Treatment
Tacrolimus
Moisturizers
Corticosteroids
Phototherapy
Avoid Triggers
Antihistamines
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2 mins
Psoriasis
Presentation
Epidermal Hyperproliferation Keratinocytes
Defined Red Salmon Plaques
Silvery Scales
Extensor Surfaces
Bleeding when Removed
Auspitz Sign
Pruritus
Nail Changes
Histological Finding
Munro Microabscesses
Nucleated Cells in Stratum Corneum
Treatment
Retinoids
Topical Corticosteroids
Tar
Immunosuppressants
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2 mins
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Characteristics
Enveloped
Double Stranded DNA
Linear
Signs and Symptoms
Type 1 HSV
Gingivostomatitis
Keratoconjunctivitis
Encephalitis of Temporal Lobes
Latent in Trigeminal Ganglia
Type 2 HSV
Genital Vesicles
Neonatal Herpes
TORCHES
Latent in Sacral Ganglia
Diagnosis
Tzanck Test
Multinucleated Giant Cells
Cowdry A Inclusions
Treatment
Acyclovir
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2 mins
Cancer Warning Signs (CAUTION)
CAUTION
Change in Bowel or Bladder Habits
A Sore That Does Not Heal
Unusual Bleeding or Discharge
Thickening or Lump in the Breast or Elsewhere
Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
Obvious Change to Warts or Moles
Nagging Cough
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1 min
ABCDEs of Melanoma
Asymmetry
Border
Color
Diameter
Evolving
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1 min
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Assessment
Pathophysiology
Relaxed Lower Esophageal Sphincter
Signs and Symptoms
Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
Belching
Nighttime Coughing
Dysphagia
Epigastric Pain
Regurgitation
Heartburn (Pyrosis)
Globus
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2 mins
Acute Gastritis
Erosive
Disruption of Mucosal Barrier
Caused by Stress
NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)
Alcohol
Uremia
Burns
Curling's Ulcer
Brain Injury
Cushing Ulcer
Increase H+ Production
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1 min
Chronic Gastritis
Type A
Type A
Fundus and Body
Autoimmune
Autoantibodies to Parietal Cells
Pernicious Anemia
Achlorhydria
Type B
Type B
Most Common Type
Helicobacter pylori
Antrum
Increased Risk of MALT Lymphoma
Associations
HIV/AIDS
Crohn's Disease
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3 mins
Gastroenteritis
Cause/Mechanism
Viruses
Bacteria
Food Intolerances
Assessment
Flu-Like Symptoms
GI Distress
Bloody Stool
Interventions
Oral Rehydration
Considerations
Self-Limiting
Prevention
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2 mins
Peptic Ulcer Disease Assessment
Mechanism/Cause
Helicobacter Pylori
NSAIDs
Increased Stomach Acid
Assessment
Abdominal Pain
Heartburn (Pyrosis)
Melena
Weight Changes
GI Distress
Considerations
Most Commonly in Duodenum
Duodenal: Pain Relieved by Eating
Gastric: Pain Caused by Eating
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2 mins
Peptic Ulcer Disease Interventions
Combination Drug Therapy
Two Antibiotics
Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
Decrease Acid Secretion
Avoid NSAIDs
Diet and Lifestyle Changes
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1 min
Hepatitis A (HAV) Assessment
Transmission
Fecal-Oral
Ingestion of Contaminated Food or Water
Incubation
4 Weeks
Assessment
Fever
General Malaise
Hepatomegaly
Considerations
Self-Limiting
Proper Hand Washing
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2 mins
Hepatitis B (HBV) Assessment
Transmission
Bodily Fluids
Blood Transmission
People Who Use IV Drugs
Incubation
Variable 1-6 Months
Assessment
Fever
Nausea and Vomiting
Hepatomegaly
Chronic Disease
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Considerations
Vaccination
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2 mins
Hepatitis C (HCV) Assessment
Transmission
Blood Transmission
High Risk Sex (rare)
IV Drug Users
Incubation
7 Weeks
Chronic Disease
Cirrhosis
Considerations
Barrier Protection
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2 mins
Cirrhosis Assessment
Mechanism
Degeneration and Destruction of Liver Cells
Signs and Symptoms
Jaundice
Fatigue
Palmar Erythema
Spider Angiomas
Hepatosplenomegaly
Edema
Gynecomastia
Change in LOC
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2 mins
Cirrhosis Interventions
Interventions
Maintain Nutrition
Paracentesis
Esophageal and Gastric Varices
Drug Therapy
Endoscopic Band Ligation or Sclerotherapy
Balloon Tamponade
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS)
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Lactulose
Antibiotics
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2 mins
Complications of Cirrhosis
Portal Hypertension
Ascites
Esophageal Varices
Coagulation Defects
Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy
Hepatorenal Syndrome
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1 min
Acute Pancreatitis Causes
"GET SMASHHED" Mnemonic
Gallstones
(Ethanol) Alcohol
Trauma
Steroids
Mumps
Autoimmune
Scorpion Sting
Hypercalcemia
Hypertriglyceridemia > 1000
ERCP
Drugs
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1 min
Acute Pancreatitis Assessment
Mechanism
Heavy Alcohol Use and Gallstones
Signs and Symptoms
Abdominal Pain
Nausea/Vomiting/Anorexia
Abdominal Rigidity/Guarding
Decreased or Absent Bowel Sounds
Hypotension and Tachycardia
Jaundice
Increased White Blood Cells
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2 mins
Acute Pancreatitis Interventions
NPO with NG Tube to Suction
Pain Management
Albumin
Lactated Ringers Solution
Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
Antibiotics
Surgery
Nutrition
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2 mins

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