Azia Shared "Pharm Module 3" - 24 Picmonics
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Pharm Module 3
Loop Diuretic Education
- Furosemide (Lasix)
- Indications
- Heart Failure
- Pulmonary Edema
- Acute Renal Failure (ARF)
- Edema
- Education
- Notify the provider of weakness, dizziness, or muscle cramping
- Increase Potassium Intake
- Check BP Daily
- Daily Weights and Monitor IandOs
1 min
Ethacrynic Acid
- Mechanism of Action
- Non-sulfa Drug
- Phenoxyacetic Acid Derivative
- Loop Diuretic
- Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl- Cotransporter
- Thick Ascending Loop of Henle
- Clinical Use
- Diuresis
- Side Effects
- Hypokalemia
- Ototoxicity
- Gout
2 mins
Hydrochlorothiazide HCTZ
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Reabsorption NaCl and H2O
- Indications
- Edema
- Mild to Moderate Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Hypokalemia
- Hyponatremia
- Dehydration
- Hyperglycemia
- Gout
- Contraindications
- Sulfa Allergy
- Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
1 min
Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- Mechanisms
- Inhibition of Aldosterone
- Potassium Retention
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Edema
- Heart Failure
- Side Effects
- Hyperkalemia
- Endocrine Effects
- Consideration
- Avoid Potassium Supplements
2 mins
Loop Diuretics
- Mechanism of Action
- Thick Ascending Limb of Loop of Henle
- Inhibits Na+-K+-2Cl-
- Sulfa Drug
- Drug Names
- Furosemide
- Lasix
- Side Effects
- Ototoxicity from Rapid Injection
- Gout
- Dehydration
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypokalemia
- Orthostatic Hypotension
2 mins
Creatinine Lab Values
- Measures Renal Function
- 0.6 - 1.3 mg/dL
1 min
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System - Effects of Angiotensin II
- Effects in CNS
- Hypothalamus Increases Thirst
- Posterior Pituitary Releases Vasopressin
- Effects in adrenal gland
- Adrenal gland releases Aldosterone
- effects in kidney
- Increases Na+/H+ activity in PCT
- effections on efferent arteriole
- Efferent Arteriole Vasconscriction
- effects on blood pressure
- Induces Vasoconstriction
3 mins
Kidney Control of Blood Pressure
- Nephron
- Renin
- Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
- Angiotensin II Receptor
- Effects of AT1 receptor activation
- Vasoconstriction
- ADH secretion
- Adrenal Cortex Releases Aldosterone
- Low Blood Pressure
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
- Ends in "-sartan"
- Mechanism of Action
- Blocks Angiotensin II Receptor
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Angioedema
- Contraindications
- Renal Artery Stenosis
- Pregnancy
1 min
Cardiovascular Effects of Beta-Blockers
- Cardiac Myocytes and Vasculature
- Decrease cAMP
- Decreases SA and AV Node Conduction Velocity
- Lower Blood Pressure
- Decrease O2 Consumption
- Decreases Mortality Post-MI
2 mins
Mannitol (Osmitrol)
- Mechanism
- Osmotic Diuresis
- Indications
- Reducing Intracranial Pressure
- Reducing Intraocular Pressure
- Renal Failure Prophylaxis
- Side Effects
- Edema
- Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance
- Considerations
- Avoid Use in Cardiac Patients
- IV Administration
2 mins
Systemic Effects of Beta-Blockers
- Respiratory
- Bronchoconstriction
- Metabolic
- Decreased Insulin
- Decreased Glycolysis and Lipolysis
- Eye
- Reduces Intraocular Pressure
1 min
K+ Sparing Diuretics
- Indications
- CHF and Hypertension
- Hypokalemia
- Hyperaldosteronism
- Mechanism of Action
- Collecting Tubule
- Spironolactone
- Competitive Aldosterone Receptor Antagonist
- Amiloride and Triamterene
- Block Na+ Channels
- Side Effects
- Hyperkalemia
- Gynecomastia
2 mins
Dobutamine
- Mechanism
- Beta-1 Agonist
- Inotropic
- Indications
- Heart Failure
- Side Effects
- Tachycardia
- Arrhythmias
- Considerations
- Closely Monitor Patients
- Other Meds May Increase Potency
1 min
Norepinephrine (Levophed)
- Mechanism of Action
- Alpha Agonist
- Beta-1 Agonist
- Indications
- Severe Hypotension
- Side Effect
- Decreases Renal Blood Flow
- Arrhythmias
- Hypertension
- Considerations
- Tissue Necrosis
- Last Resort Medication
2 mins
Calcium Channel Blockers (Verapamil and Diltiazem)
- Mechanism of Action
- Slows AV Conduction
- Indications
- Angina Pectoris
- Arrhythmias
- Essential Hypertension
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Hypotension
- Constipation
- Peripheral Edema
- Gingival Hyperplasia
- Nursing Consideration
- Medication Education
2 mins
Nitroglycerin
- Mechanism of Action
- Decreases Preload
- Indications
- Angina
- Up to 3 doses q 5 mins
- Side Effects
- Headache
- Hypotension
- Contraindications
- Viagra (Sildenafil)
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure
- Protect From Light
- Use Glass Bottle and Special Tubing
- Gloves for Applying Topically
2 mins
Gestational Hypertension
- New-Onset Hypertension
- > 20 Weeks Gestation
- Risk Factors
- Nulliparity
- Obesity
- African American Females
- > 35 years Old
- Multiple Gestations
- Family History of Gestational HTN (or Preeclampsia)
- Complications
- IUGR
- Prematurity
- Abruptio Placentae
- Management
- Fetal Monitoring
- Alpha-Methyldopa
- Beta-Blockers (Labetalol)
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Hydralazine
4 mins
Primary Hypertension Risk Factors
- Excessive Alcohol Consumption
- High Sodium Diet
- Dyslipidemia
- Obesity
- People of African Descent
- Advanced Age
- Vitamin D Deficiency
- Reduced Nephron Number
- Diabetes
- Lack of Physical Activity
2 mins
Beta Blockers
- "-olol" suffix
- Mechanism
- Decreases Heart Rate and Contractility
- Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance
- Decreases Renin Release
- Indications
- Hypertension
- Heart Failure
- Angina Pectoris
- Contraindications
- Asthma and Heart Block Patients
- Nursing Considerations
- Assess Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
- Masking Signs of Hypoglycemia
- Do Not Stop Abruptly
2 mins
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