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Alexandra Shared "pedi exam 3" - 40 Picmonics

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pedi exam 3

Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) Assessment
Mechanism
Hypertrophied Pylorus
Risk Factor
Macrolide Use
Assessment
3-6 Weeks of Age
Projectile Vomiting After Feeding
No Pain or Discomfort
Weight Loss
Dehydration
Hungry Baby
Olive Mass
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2 mins
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (HPS) Interventions
Treatment
Pyloromyotomy
Preoperative Care
Stabilize Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Nasogastric Tube
Monitor Feeding
Postoperative Care
Start Formula or Breastfeeding Within 24 Hours
Feedings Every 4-6 hours
Full Feeding Within 2 days
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2 mins
Cleft Lip or Palate Interventions
Considerations
Encourage Bonding
Prosthodontic Device
Modified Nipple
Burping
Surgical Repair
Normal Saline Rinse
Elbow Restraints
Avoid Rigid Eating Utensils
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2 mins
Cerebral Palsy (CP)
Cause/Mechanism
Maternal Infections
Fetal Hypoxia
Assessment
Developmental Delay
Neurological Dysfunction
Spasticity
Dysphagia
Interventions
Muscle Relaxants
Muscle Exercises
Assistive Devices
Braces
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2 mins
Clubfoot
Cause/Mechanism
Multifactorial Congenital Anomalies
Fetal Position
Assessment
Deformed Foot and Ankle Position
Talipes Equinovarus
Interventions
Serial Casting
Ponseti Method
Early Surgery
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2 mins
Intussusception
Pathophysiology
Telescoping of Bowel Segments
Lead Point
Assessment
Episodic Abdominal Pain
Diarrhea
Sausage-Shaped Mass
Red Currant Jelly Stools
Diagnosis
Ultrasound/CT
Target Sign
Considerations
More Common in Children
Rotavirus Vaccine Contraindicated
Management
Air or Hydrostatic Enema
Surgical Reduction
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3 mins
Meningitis Assessment
Assessment
Nausea and Vomiting
Fever
Nuchal Rigidity
Severe Headache
Purpura
Seizures
Photophobia
Infants and Young Children
Opisthotonus Position
High-Pitched Cry
Bulging Fontanel
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2 mins
Meningitis Interventions
Drug Therapy
IV Antibiotics
Dexamethasone
Analgesics
Antipyretics
Considerations
Closely Monitor for Increased ICP
Bed Rest
Preventative Vaccinations
Droplet-Airborne Precautions
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2 mins
Shoulder Dystocia
Risk Factors
Macrosomia
Prior shoulder dystocia
No reliable risk identifiers, predictors, or tools
Nurse Implications
Turtle Sign
Right Documentation
Maternal Complications
Postpartum Hemorrhage
3rd or 4th Degree lacerations
Fetal/Newborn Complications
Clavicle or humerus fracture
Brachial Plexus and phrenic nerve injury
Hypoxia/Death
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Preeclampsia Assessment
After 20 Weeks of Pregnancy
Mild
Hypertension > 140/90
Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
Severe
Hypertension > 160/110
Progressive Renal Insufficiency
Vision Changes
HELLP Syndrome
Pulmonary Edema
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2 mins
Preeclampsia Interventions
Side Lying Position and Bedrest
Antihypertensives
Magnesium Sulfate
Labor Induction
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1 min
Eclampsia
Mechanism of Action
Increased Central Nervous System Irritability
Signs and Symptoms
Hyperreflexia
Positive Ankle Clonus
Headaches
Visual Disturbances
Epigastric or RUQ Pain
Seizures
Coma
Considerations
Don't Leave Bedside
Magnesium Sulfate
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2 mins
Severe Preeclampsia
Mechanism of Action
Vasospasm and Decreased Organ Perfusion
Intravascular Coagulation
Increased Permeability and Capillary Leakage
Signs and Symptoms
Hypertension
Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
HELLP Syndrome
Hepatic Dysfunction and Hemolysis
Elevated Liver Enzymes
Low Platelet Counts
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3 mins
Incompetent Cervix
Mechanism
Premature Cervical Dilation
Assessment
Recurring Miscarriage
Short Cervix
Considerations
Cervical Cerclage
Rest
Labor
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1 min
Prolapsed Umbilical Cord
Mechanism
Cord Prolapses
Signs and Symptoms
Visualization of Cord
Prolonged or Variable Decelerations
Considerations
Hips Elevated
Insert 2 fingers in Vagina
Saline Towel on Cord
Oxygen
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2 mins
Chorioamnionitis
Fever
Maternal or fetal tachycardia
Leukocytosis
Foul Odor to Amniotic Fluid
Treatment: Antibiotics
Monitor uterine tenderness, contractions and fetal activity
Monitor maternal vital signs & FHR
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2 mins
RhoGam [Rho(D) Immune Globulin]
Indications
Antepartum Prevention at 28 weeks
Suppress Antibody Production
Mechanism of Action
Lysis of Fetal RBC in Maternal Bloodstream
Side Effects
Myalgia and Lethargy
Considerations
Negative Coombs Test
Standard Dose 300 mcg
Microdose 50 mcg
Blood Product
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2 mins
Spontaneous Abortion Overview
Assessment
Bleeding < 20 weeks Gestation
Interventions
Identify Type
Bed Rest
Monitor for Hemorrhage
Save Pads and Linens
RhoGAM
Dilation and Curettage (DandC)
Cerclage
Emotional Support
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2 mins
Hydatidiform Mole (Molar Pregnancy)
Cause/Mechanism
Abnormal Fertilization
Assessment
Symptoms of Pregnancy
Elevated hCG
Vaginal Bleeding
Inappropriate Uterine Growth
No Fetal Heart Rate (FHR)
Interventions
Dilation and Curettage (D&C)
Emotional Support
Considerations
No Pregnancy 1 Year
Hysterectomy
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3 mins
Placental Implantation Abnormalities
Mechanism
Placenta Adheres Directly to Myometrium
Placenta Accreta
Placenta Increta
Placenta Percreta
Caused by Scar Tissue
Hemorrhage
Diagnosis
Ultrasound is First-line, then MRI
Treatment
C-section Delivery
Artery Ligation or Embolization
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2 mins

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