Rebecca Shared "Final exam" - 112 Picmonics
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Final exam
Class I Antiarrhythmics (Na+ Channel Blockers) Overview
- Indications
- Arrhythmias
- Local Anesthesia
- Mechanism of Action
- Block or Slow Conduction
- Block Na+ Channels
- Raise Threshold
- State Dependent
- Contraindication
- Hyperkalemia
1 min
Class IA Antiarrhythmics (Na+ Channel Blockers)
- Indications
- Arrhythmias
- Mechanism of Action
- Increase AP, ERP, and QT interval.
- Drugs
- Disopyramide
- Procainamide
- Drug-induced Lupus
- Quinidine
- Cinchonism
- Shared Side Effects
- Thrombocytopenia
- Torsades de Pointes
1 min
Class IB Antiarrhythmics (Na+ Channel Blockers)
- Indications
- Arrhythmias
- After Myocardial Infarction
- Mechanism of Action
- Affect Ischemic Tissue
- Decrease AP duration
- Drugs
- Mexiletine
- GI Upset
- Lidocaine
- CNS Depression
- Tocainide
- Phenytoin
- Hirsutism
2 mins
Class IC Antiarrhythmics (Na+ Channel Blockers)
- Indications
- Used as Last Resort
- V-Tach
- Mechanism of Action
- No Effect on AP Duration
- Drugs
- Propafenone
- Flecainide
- Contraindications
- Post-Myocardial Infarction
56 secs
Class III Antiarrhythmics (K+ Channel Blockers)
- Indications
- Arrhythmias
- Mechanism of Action
- Increase AP Duration, ERP, and QT Interval
- Drug Names
- Amiodarone
- Check Function Tests
- Dirty Drug
- Ibutilide
- Dofetilide
- Sotalol
- Beta-Blocker
2 mins
Class IV Antiarrhythmics (Ca2+ Channel Blockers)
- Indications
- SVT
- Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
- Mechanism of Action
- Decrease Conduction Velocity
- Increase PR Interval and ERP
- Drugs
- Verapamil
- Diltiazem
- Nimodipine
- Side Effects
- Cardiovascular
- Constipation
2 mins
Adenosine (Adenocard)
- Mechanism
- Slows AV Conduction
- Indications
- Supraventricular Tachycardia (Paroxysmal)
- Side Effects
- Bradycardia
- Flushing
- Dyspnea
- Considerations
- Rapid IV Push
- Caffeine and Theophylline Decrease Effectiveness
- Dipyridamole May Intensify Effects
2 mins
Lidocaine
- Mechanism
- Blocks Na+ Channels
- Indications
- Ventricular Arrhythmia
- Anesthetic
- Side Effects
- Paresthesias
- Seizures
- Respiratory Depression
- Drowsiness
- Consideration
- Anesthetic Effects Extended with Epinephrine
1 min
Magnesium Sulfate
- Mechanism
- Muscle Relaxant
- Indications
- Preterm Labor Contractions
- Preeclampsia
- Side Effects
- Warm Feeling
- Hypotension
- Decreased Deep Tendon Reflexes (DTRS)
- Decreased Respiratory Rate
- Decreased Urine Output
- Paralytic Ileus
- Antidote
- Calcium Gluconate
2 mins
Warfarin
- Mechanism of Action
- Interferes with Vitamin K-dependent Clotting Factors
- Extrinsic Pathway
- Bridge with Heparin
- Indications
- Chronic Anticoagulation
- Side Effects
- Bleeding
- Necrosis
- Cytochrome P450
- Contraindications
- Pregnancy
- Antidote
- FFP + Vitamin K
2 mins
Heparin Indications
- Indications
- Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
- Prophylaxis
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Used during Pregnancy
1 min
Heparin Mechanisms
- Mechanism of Action
- Short Half-life
- Antithrombin Activation Cofactor
- Decrease Thrombin, Factor Xa
- Side Effects
- Bleeding
- Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
- Antidote
- Protamine Sulfate
2 mins
Factor Xa Inhibitors
- Characteristics
- Inhibit Factor Xa
- -xaban
- Drugs
- Apixaban
- Rivaroxaban
- Indications
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation
- Deep Vein Thrombosis
- Considerations
- Andexanet Alfa
2 mins
Abciximab and Tirofiban (GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors)
- Mechanism
- IIb/IIIa Receptor Inhibitors
- Inhibits Platelet Aggregation
- Indications
- Thrombotic Event Prevention
- Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
- Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI)
- Side Effects
- Bleeding
- Considerations
- Expensive
- Combination Drug Therapy
2 mins
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Management
- Diagnosis
- Compression Ultrasound (CUS) with Doppler
- D-Dimer
- Contrast Venography
- Treatment
- IVC Filter
- Heparin for Acute Management
- Warfarin for Long-term Management
- Thrombectomy/Thrombolysis
- Stockings
- Walking
4 mins
Ezetimibe
- Indications
- Hyperlipidemia
- Mechanism of Action
- Cholesterol Absorption Blocker
- Decreases LDL
- Side Effects
- Diarrhea
- Increased LFT Values
1 min
Bile Acid Resins
- Indications
- Hyperlipidemia
- Mechanism of Action
- Bile Acid Reabsorption Prevented
- Slight Increase HDL/Triglycerides
- Decrease LDL
- Drugs
- Colestipol (Colestid)
- Cholestyramine
- Colesevelam
- Side Effects
- Cholesterol Gallstones
- Decreased Absorption of Fat-soluble Vitamins
- Patients Hate It
2 mins
Hypercholesterolemia Treatment
- Lifestyle Modifications (Diet, Exercise, Smoking Cessation)
- Statins
- Niacin
- Ezetimibe
- Fibrates
- Bile Acid Resins
- PCSK9 Inhibitors
- Omega 3 Fatty Acids
- Screening
- Pooled Cohort Test
2 mins
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
- Characteristics
- -statin Suffix
- Mechanism
- HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
- Indications
- High Cholesterol
- Side Effects
- Hepatotoxicity
- Rash
- Rhabdomyolysis
- Myopathy
- Considerations
- Monitor Liver Enzymes
- Administer at Bedtime
- Avoid Grapefruit
2 mins
Niacin Therapy (Vitamin B3)
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Lipolysis in Adipose Tissue
- Reduces Hepatic VLDL Secretion
- Indications
- Decrease Triglycerides
- Decrease LDL
- Increase HDL
- Side Effects
- Flushing
- Decreased by Aspirin
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperuricemia
2 mins
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