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Jenna Shared "Unit 6" - 17 Picmonics

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Unit 6

Skin Functions
Characteristics
Thermoregulation
Protection
Innate Immune Protection
Synthesize Vitamin D
Water and Salt Excretion
Dilated Capillaries are a Blood Reservoir
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2 mins
Braden Scale
Characteristics
Sensory Perception
Moisture
Activity
Mobility
Nutrition
Friction and Shear
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2 mins
Interventions for Impaired Skin Integrity
Assessment
Signs of Skin Breakdown
Pain
Redness
Decreased Skin Turgor
Bleeding
Bony Prominences
Intervention
Reposition Q2H
Pressure Relief
Maintain Clean and Dry Skin
Adequate Nutrition and Hydration
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2 mins
Pressure Ulcers
Risk Factors
Prolonged Immobilization
Neurologic Disease
Decreased Level of Consciousness
Classification
Stage 1: Intact Skin with Non-blanchable Erythema
Stage 2: Partial Thickness Skin Loss
Stage 3: Full-thickness Skin Loss without Fascial Involvement
Stage 4: Full-thickness Skin Loss with Fascial Involvement
Management
Wound Care
Surgery
Considerations
Septicemia
Osteomyelitis
Prevention
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3 mins
Types of Wound Healing
Types of Wounds
Acute
Chronic
Healing Process
Primary Intention
Approximated Edges
Secondary Intention
Edges Not Approximated
Tertiary Intention
Delayed Closure due to Infection and Necrosis
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2 mins
Wound Drainage Types and Devices
Drainage Types
Serous
Serosanguineous
Sanguineous
Purulent
Drainage Devices
T-tube
Penrose
Jackson-Pratt (JP)
Hemovac
Considerations
Record Drainage Amounts
Check Device Function
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2 mins
Postoperative Care
Head to Toe Assessment
Complications
Hemorrhage
Clotting
Pain
Dehiscence or Evisceration
Respiratory Complications
Paralytic Ileus
Infection
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2 mins
Preoperative Care
Preop Education
Surgical Procedure
NPO
Turn, Cough, Deep Breathe, Incentive Spirometer
Lower Extremity Exercises
Compression Stockings or SCD's
Pain Management
Safety
Informed Consent
Physical Preparation
Preop Checklist
Handoff to Surgery
Universal Precautions
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2 mins
Care for the Visually Impaired
Assessment
Decreased Visual Acuity
Snellen Chart
Status of Corrective Lenses
Nursing Considerations
Sighted-Guide Technique
Communication
Safe Environment
Medications
Clock Technique for Food
Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
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1 min
Eye Medication Administration
Procedure
Supine with Neck Hyperextended
Wash Away Crusts
Cotton Ball on Cheekbone
For Ophthalmic Drops
Instill Drops into Conjunctival Sac
Repeat if Missed or Patient Blinks
5 Minutes Before 2nd Medication
For Ophthalmic Ointment
Thin Stream Along Inner Edge
Inner Canthus to Outer Canthus
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2 mins
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
Mechanism
Dry (nonexudative)
Wet (exudative)
Signs and Symptoms
Scotomas
Blurred, Darkened Vision
Loss of Central Vision
Distortion of Vision
Considerations
Drug Therapy
Surgery
Low-vision Assistive Devices
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2 mins
Cataract
Mechanism
Age-related
Assessment
No Pain
Cloudy Opaque Lens
Decreased Visual Acuity
Occurs Gradually
Treatment
Surgery
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1 min
Detached Retina
Assessment
Flashes of Light
Floaters
Curtain Like Shadow
Interventions
Eye Patch
Bed Rest
Surgical Emergency
Considerations
No Vigorous Activity
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2 mins
Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma (PACG - Acute)
Mechanism
Rapid Increase in IOP
Signs and Symptoms
Rapid Onset
Pain
Blurred Vision
Halos Around Lights
Nausea and Vomiting
IOP over 30 mm Hg
Considerations
Drug Therapy
Surgery
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1 min
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG - Chronic)
Mechanism
Flow of Aqueous Humor Slowed
Signs and Symptoms
Slow Onset
No Pain
Tunnel Vision
IOP 22-32mm Hg
Considerations
Drug Therapy
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1 min
Care for the Hard of Hearing
Assessment
Normal: 0-15 dB
Rinne's Test
Weber's Test
Tinnitus
Difficulty Following Conversations
Nursing Considerations
Face Patient/Speak Clearly
Rephrase Misunderstood Statements
Repeat Statements Back
Hearing Aids
Sign Language
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2 mins
Meniere's Disease
Mechanism
Excess Endolymph
Signs and Symptoms
Tinnitus
One-sided Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Vertigo
Nausea and Vomiting
Considerations
Meclizine (Antivert)
Low Salt Diet
Surgery
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2 mins

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