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Wayne Shared "Chapter 3 Pathology Bliss" - 8 Picmonics

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Chapter 3 Pathology Bliss

Cardinal Signs of Inflammation
Redness (Rubor)
Warmth (Calor)
Swelling (Tumor)
Pain (Dolor)
Loss of Function (Functio laesa)
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1 min
Acute Phase Reactants
Definition
Inflammation Markers
Positive (Upregulated)
Ferritin
Fibrinogen
Serum Amyloid A
Hepcidin
Haptoglobin
Procalcitonin
C-Reactive Protein
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin
Negative (Downregulated)
Albumin
Transferrin
Transthyretin
Systemic Manifestation
Fever
Leukocytosis
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2 mins
Inflammatory Response
Pathogens Infect Tissue
Mast Cells Release Histamine
Histamine Dilates and Increases Capillary Permeability
Macrophages Engulf Pathogens
Macrophage Signals Cells With Cytokines
Responding Neutrophils Cross Capillary Wall
B And T Lymphocytes Arrive At Injury Site
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2 mins
Cytokines
Interleukin-1 (IL-1)
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)
Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α)
Interleukin-8 (IL-8)
Interleukin-12 (IL-12)
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Interleukins
IL-1 (Macrophage)
Neutrophil & Macrophage Migration
Fever & Shock
IL-2 (T-Cells)
T-Cells Proliferation
NK & Macrophage Activity
B-Cell Growth
IL-3 (T-Cells)
Hematopoisis
IL-4 (Th2)
Th2 Cell Differentiation
B-Cell Growth
Isotype Switch to IgE
IL-5 (Th2)
Eosinophil Differentiation
Isotype Switch to IgA
IL-6 (Macrophage)
T & B Cell Growth
Osteoclast Activity
Fever
IL-8 (Macrophages T-Cells)
Neutrophil Chemotaxis
IL-10 (Th2)
Blocks TH1 Differentiation
Decreases cell-mediated immunity & APC activity
Increase B-Cell Function
IL-12 (Macrophage)
Th1 Differentiation
Increase NK and CD8 Activity
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TNF-Alpha Inhibitors Overview
Mechanism
Downregulates Pro-inflammatory Cytokines
Decreased Lymphocyte Activation and Migration
Granuloma Breakdown
Treats
Crohn's Disease
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
Psoriasis
Ankylosing Spondylitis
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1 min
TNF-Alpha Inhibitor Drugs and Complications
Etanercept
Decoy TNF- Alpha receptor
Anti-TNF- Alpha antibody
Adalimumab
Infliximab
Complications
Increased risk of infection
Predispose to Tuberculosis (TB) reactivation
Order Baseline PPD- skin test
Quantiferon Gold In-Tube
Order Chest X-Ray
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2 mins
Cytokines Secreted by Macrophages
IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-alpha
IL-1 Activates Endothelium
TNF-alpha Maintains Granulomas
TNF-alpha Increases Vessel Permeability
TNF-alpha Activates Endothelium and Recruits WBCs
IL-6 Increases Acute Phase Reactants
IL-8 recruits Neutrophils
IL-12 induces T cells into Th1 cells
IL-12 activates Natural Killer cells
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2 mins

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Wayne Shared Chapter 3 Pathology Bliss - 8 Picmonics