Sachin Shared "Gastrology" - 172 Picmonics
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Gastrology
Foregut Structures, Blood Supply and Innervation
- Structures
- Esophagus
- Lower Respiratory Tract
- Stomach
- Proximal Duodenum
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
- Spleen
- Vascular Supply
- Celiac Artery
- Innervation
- Vagus Nerve
2 mins
Midgut Structures, Blood Supply and Innervation
- Structures
- Distal Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
- Appendix
- Ascending Colon
- Proximal 2/3 of Transverse Colon
- Vascular Supply
- Superior Mesenteric Artery
- Innervation
- Vagus Nerve
- Lesser Splanchnic Nerve
2 mins
Hindgut Structures, Blood Supply and Innervation
- Structures
- Distal 1/3 of Transverse Colon
- Descending Colon
- Sigmoid Colon
- Rectum
- Pectinate (Dentate) Line
- Urogenital Sinus
- Vascular Supply
- Inferior Mesenteric Artery
- Innervation
- Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves
- Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves
2 mins
Large Intestine
- Characteristics
- Colon
- Electrolyte Reabsorption
- Water Reabsorption
- Microflora Produce Vitamins
- Rectum Stores Feces
1 min
Retroperitoneal Structures
- SAD PUCKER Mnemonic
- SAD PUCKER
- Suprarenal (Adrenal) Gland
- Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava
- Duodenum (Parts 2-4)
- Pancreas (Head, Neck, and Body)
- Ureters
- Colon (Ascending and Descending)
- Kidneys
- Esophagus
- Rectum
2 mins
Pancreas
- Characteristics
- Acinar Cells Release Digestive Enzymes
- Ductal Epithelial Cells Release Bicarbonate
- Islets of Langerhans
- Beta Cells Release Insulin
- Alpha Cells Release Glucagon
- Delta Cells Release Somatostatin
- Somatostatin Inhibits Alpha and Beta Cells
3 mins
Annular Pancreas
- Characteristics
- Congenital Anomaly
- Fusion of Ventral and Dorsal Pancreatic Buds
- Circumferential Duodenal Compression
- Associations
- Down Syndrome
- Clinical Features
- Polyhydramnios
- Poor Feeding
- Vomiting
- Diagnosis
- Double Bubble Sign
- Management
- Surgery
2 mins
Branchial Pouches: 2nd Pouch
- Palatine Tonsils
38 secs
Inguinal Canal
- 2MALT
- 2 Muscles Form the Roof
- Internal Oblique
- Transverse Abdominus Muscle
- 2 Aponeuroses Form the Anterior Wall
- External and Internal Abdominal Oblique Aponeuroses
- 2 Ligaments Form Floor
- Lacunar Ligament
- Inguinal Ligament
- 2 T's Form the Posterior Wall
- Transversalis Fascia
- Conjoint Tendon
- Deep Ring is Defect in Transversalis Fascia
- Superficial Ring is Formed by Defect in the External Abdominal Oblique Aponeurosis
2 mins
Omphalocele
- Characteristics
- Herniation of Abdominal Organs via Umbilicus
- Covered by Peritoneum
- Defect of Lateral Fold Closure
- Associations
- Trisomy Syndromes
- Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
- Diagnosis
- Increased AFP
- Management
- Surgery
2 mins
Gastroschisis
- Characteristics
- Herniation of Abdominal Organs via Abdominal Wall
- Not Covered by Peritoneum
- Right Side of Umbilicus
- Associations
- Prematurity
- Diagnosis
- Increased AFP
- Management
- Surgery
- Complications
- Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- Short Bowel Syndrome
2 mins
Portosystemic Anastomoses
- Characteristics
- Portal Hypertension
- Anastomoses
- Left Gastric Vein - Esophageal Veins
- Esophageal Varices
- Paraumbilical Veins - Epigastric Veins
- Caput Medusae
- Superior Rectal Vein - Middle & Inferior Rectal Veins
- Anorectal Varices
2 mins
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
- Secreted by I Cells
- Duodenum and Jejunum
- Physiology
- Increase Pancreatic Secretions
- Increase Gallbladder Contraction
- Induce Relaxation of Sphincter of Oddi
- Decrease Gastric Emptying
- Regulation
- Increased by Fatty Acids and Amino Acids
1 min
Somatostatin
- Secreted by D Cells
- Pancreas
- GI Tract
- Action
- Decrease Secretion of Gastric Acid and Pepsinogen
- Decrease Pancreatic and Small Intestine Fluid Secretion
- Decrease Gallbladder Contraction
- Decrease Glucagon and Insulin Secretion
- Regulation
- Secretion is Increased by Acid
- Secretion is Decreased by Vagal Stimulation
- Clinical Use
- Octreotide
- Carcinoid Syndrome
- Variceal Bleeds
2 mins
Bile
- Synthesis and Circulation
- Synthesized Continuously By Hepatocytes
- Cholesterol 7 Alpha-Hydroxylase Rate Limiting Step
- Stored In Gallbladder
- Secreted Into Duodenum
- Bile Salts Reabsorbed In Terminal Ileum
- Returned To Liver Via Portal Circulation
- Composition
- Bilirubin
- Bile Salts
- Cholesterol And Phospholipids
- Ions And Water
4 mins
Secretin
- Synthesis
- Secreted from S Cells in Duodenum
- Regulation
- Stimulated by Fatty Acids in Duodenum
- Functions
- Increases Bicarbonate Secretion
- Increases Bile Acid Secretion
- Decreases Gastric Acid
2 mins
GI Absorption
- Stomach
- Alcohol
- Duodenum
- Iron
- Jejunum
- Folate
- Terminal Ileum
- Vitamin B12
- Bile Resorption
1 min
Oral Cavity
- Characteristics
- Mouth
- Mechanical Digestion
- Salivary Amylase Begins Carbohydrate Breakdown
- Lingual Lipase Begins Lipid Breakdown
- Esophagus
- Bolus
- Peristalsis
1 min
Stomach Digestion
- Characteristics
- Chief Cells Secrete Pepsinogen
- Pepsinogen Turned to Pepsin By H+
- Protein Breakdown Begins
- Mucous Cells Secrete Mucus and Bicarbonate
- G Cells Secrete Gastrin
- Gastrin Stimulates Parietal Cell HCl Release
- Parietal Cells Secrete Intrinsic Factor
2 mins
Small Intestine Digestion
- Brush border enzymes
- Pancreatic Enzymes are secreted via a Duct
- Pancreas secretes bicarbonate
- Brush Border activates Pancreatic Trypsin
- Trypsin activates Chymotrypsin
- Trypsin and Chymotrypsin digest Proteins
- Gallbladder Releases Bile
- Pancreatic Lipase breaks down Lipids
- Goblet cells secrete mucus
- Pancreatic Amylase breaks down Carbohydrates
- Pancreatic Nucleases breakdown DNA/RNA
- Digestion occurs in the Duodenum
2 mins
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