Aleya Shared "Exam 3" - 34 Picmonics
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Exam 3
Care for the Hard of Hearing
- Assessment
- Normal: 0-15 dB
- Rinne's Test
- Weber's Test
- Tinnitus
- Difficulty Following Conversations
- Nursing Considerations
- Face Patient/Speak Clearly
- Rephrase Misunderstood Statements
- Repeat Statements Back
- Hearing Aids
- Sign Language
2 mins
Delirium
- Mechanism
- Rapid Onset
- Reversible
- Assessment
- Hallucinations
- Decline in Cognition
- Short Attention Span
- Rapid Speech
- Change in Activity Level
- Mood Swings
2 mins
Needle Sizes and Uses
- Adjust Size Based on Height/Weight
- Subcutaneous Injections
- 3/8 or 5/8 inch
- Intramuscular (IM)
- 1-1.5 inches
1 min
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
- Mechanism
- Nutrition Given Outside GI
- Side Effects
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperlipidemia
- Refeeding Syndrome
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Considerations
- Slow IV Infusion
- Use Large Central Vein
- No Added Meds to TPN Line
2 mins
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Assessment
- Pathophysiology
- Relaxed Lower Esophageal Sphincter
- Signs and Symptoms
- Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
- Belching
- Nighttime Coughing
- Dysphagia
- Epigastric Pain
- Regurgitation
- Heartburn (Pyrosis)
- Globus
2 mins
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
- "-prazole" Suffix
- Indications
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
- Gastritis
- Peptic Ulcer
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Mechanism
- Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
- Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
- Side Effects
- Hip Fracture
- Pneumonia
2 mins
Cimetidine and Famotidine (H2 Receptor Blockers)
- -tidine Suffix
- Mechanism
- H2 Receptor Blocker
- Indications
- Suppress Gastric Acid Secretion
- Side Effects (All)
- Pneumonia
- Side Effects - Cimetidine
- Anti-androgen Effects
- CNS Changes
2 mins
Down Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Trisomy 21
- Meiotic Nondisjunction
- Signs and Symptoms
- Intellectual Disability (Mental Retardation)
- Single palmar crease
- Flat Facies
- Duodenal Atresia
- Hirschsprung's Disease
- Septum Primum Type ASD
- Endocardial Cushion Defects
- Prominent Epicanthal Folds
- Increased Risk of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
- Alzheimer's Disease
3 mins
Osteoporosis Interventions
- Increased Calcium Intake
- Vitamin D Supplements
- Bisphosphonates
- Raloxifene
- Denosumab
- Calcitonin
- Teriparatide
- Bone Densitometry (DEXA) Scan
- Weight Bearing Exercises
2 mins
Alendronate (Fosamax)
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Osteoclasts
- Indications
- Osteoporosis
- Paget's Disease
- Side Effects
- Esophageal Ulcers
- Musculoskeletal Pain
- Vision Changes
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
- Considerations
- Take on Empty Stomach
- Remain Upright
2 mins
Tamoxifen
- Mechanism of Action
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)
- Antagonist on Breast Tissue
- Indications
- ER-positive Breast Cancer
- Side Effects
- Decreased Risk of Osteoporosis
- Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer
- Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
1 min
Sumatriptan
- Mechanism of Action
- Short Half-Life
- 5-HT Agonist
- Inhibits Trigeminal Nerve Activation
- Induces Vasoconstriction
- Indications
- Migraine
- Cluster Headache
- Side Effects
- Increased Risk of Serotonin Syndrome
- Paresthesias
- Coronary Vasospasm
- Contraindication
- Prinzmetal's Angina
- Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
3 mins
Ondansetron
- Indications
- Postoperative Vomiting
- Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting
- Mechanism
- 5-HT3 Serotonergic Antagonist
- Centrally-acting Antiemetic
- Side Effects
- Headache
- Constipation
- QT Prolongation
1 min
Benztropine (Cogentin)
- Mechanism
- Anticholinergic
- Indications
- Parkinson's Disease
- Acute Dystonia
- Side Effects
- Mydriasis
- Dry Mouth
- Urinary Retention
- Tachycardia
- Constipation
- Psychosis
1 min
Pilocarpine (Pilocar)
- Mechanism
- Direct Cholinergic Agonist
- Contracts Iris Sphincter
- Contracts Ciliary Muscle
- Indications
- Xerostomia
- Glaucoma
- Side Effects
- Detached Retina
- Decreased Visual Acuity
- Eye Irritation
- Cholinergic Effects
- Considerations
- Avoid with Asthma or Bradycardia
2 mins
Anticholinergics
- B.O.AT.S Acronym
- Benztropine
- Parkinson's Disease
- Oxybutynin
- Decrease bladder spasms
- Atropine
- Mydriasis and Cycloplegia
- Scopolamine
- Motion Sickness
1 min
Normal Electrolyte Lab Values
- Potassium (K+)
- 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
- Calcium (Ca2+)
- 8.5 to 10.5 mg/dL
- Phosphate (PO43–)
- 2.5 to 4.5 mg/dL
- Magnesium (Mg2+)
- 1.5 to 2.5 mEq/L
- Sodium (Na+)
- 135 to 145 mEq/L
- Chloride (Cl–)
- 95 to 105 mEq/L
2 mins
Ileostomy Care
- Antibiotics
- Monitor Skin Breakdown
- Drains Continuously
- Fluid and Electrolyte Imbalance
- Low Fiber Diet
2 mins
Hypokalemia
- Assessment
- < 3.5 mEq/L
- Muscle Weakness
- Arrhythmia
- U Wave
- Ileus
- Hyporeflexia
- Interventions
- IV K+ Infusion at 5-10 mEq/hr
- Give Orally with Food
- Nursing Considerations
- Monitor Respiratory Status
3 mins
Hyperkalemia
- Assessment
- > 5.0 mEq/L K+
- Abdominal Cramps
- Muscle Weakness
- Diarrhea
- Arrhythmia
- Tall, Peaked T Waves
- Interventions
- IV Calcium
- Infusion of Glucose and Insulin
- Loop or Thiazide Diuretics
- Kayexalate
- Dialysis
- Prevention Education
2 mins
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