Siri Shared "Block 10" - 66 Picmonics
With Picmonic, facts become pictures. We've taken what the science shows - image mnemonics work - but we've boosted the effectiveness by building and associating memorable characters, interesting audio stories, and built-in quizzing. Whether you're studying for your classes or getting ready for a big exam, we're here to help.
Block 10
IV Solutions
- Hypotonic (< 280 mOsm/L)
- 1/4 Normal Saline (0.225% NaCl)
- 1/2 Normal Saline (0.45% NaCl)
- Isotonic (280-300 mOsm)
- Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl)
- Lactated Ringer's (LR)
- Dextrose 5% in Water (D5W)
- Hypertonic (> 300 mOsm)
- 3% or 5% NaCl
- Dextrose 5% in 0.45% NaCl
- Dextrose 10% in Water (D10W)
3 mins
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
- Mechanism
- Nutrition Given Outside GI
- Side Effects
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperlipidemia
- Refeeding Syndrome
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Considerations
- Slow IV Infusion
- Use Large Central Vein
- No Added Meds to TPN Line
2 mins
WBC Differential Lab Value
- White Blood Cells (WBC)
- 5-10 (5,000-10,000)
- Leukocyte Differential
- Neutrophils (50%-70%)
- Bands (2%-5%)
- Segs (50%-70%)
- Lymphocytes (20%-40%)
- Monocytes (4%-8%)
- Eosinophils (2%-4%)
- Basophils (0.5%-1.5%)
2 mins
Immune System Tissues
- Characteristics
- Bone Marrow
- B Cells and T Cells Formed
- B Cells Mature
- Thymus
- T Cells Tested For Self-Response
- T Cells Mature
- Lymph Nodes
- Mature B Cells and T Cells Monitor Lymph For Pathogens
- Spleen
- Mature B Cells and T Cells Monitor Blood For Pathogens
1 min
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Stages
- Primary Infection
- Within 3 Weeks
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Asymptomatic Stage
- Years
- Symptomatic Stage
- CD4+ < 500
- AIDS
- Opportunistic Infections
- CD4+ < 200
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Assessment
- Assessment
- RNA Retrovirus
- CD4+ Helper T Cells
- Primary Infection
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Lymphadenopathy
- Symptomatic Stage
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Unexplained Weight Loss
- White Spots on Tongue
- Persistent Fever
- Night Sweats
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Interventions
- Interventions
- Adequate Nutrition
- Small Frequent Meals
- IV Hydration
- Emotional Support
- HIV Medications
- HAART
- Considerations
- Transmission Education
- Strict Asepsis for Invasive Procedures
- Treat Opportunistic Infections
2 mins
HAART
- HIV
- Begin at Diagnosis
- 3 Drugs
- 2 NRTIs (Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors)
- And one of the following:
- NNRTI (Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor)
- or Protease Inhibitor
- or Integrase Inhibitor
1 min
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Assessment
- Change in LOC
- Headache
- Cushings Triad
- Irregular Respirations
- Widening Pulse Pressure
- Bradycardia
- Projectile Vomiting
- Abnormal Pupils
- Papilledema
- Posturing
2 mins
Tuberculosis Assessment
- Etiology
- Airborne Droplet
- Assessment
- 3 Week Productive Cough
- Night Sweats
- Chest Pain
- Fever
- Weight Loss
- Fatigue
- Diagnosis
- Chest X-Ray
- Blood Tests
- Mantoux Skin Test
- 3 Positive Sputum Tests
1 min
Colorectal Cancer Assessment
- 3rd Most Common Cancer
- Assessment
- Change in Bowel Habits
- Bowel Obstruction
- Rectal Bleeding
- Anemia
- Weight Loss
- Ascites
- Considerations
- Colonoscopy
- FOBT and FIT
2 mins
Prostate Cancer Assessment
- Most Common Cancer in Men
- Assessment
- Mimics BPH
- Metastasis to Back
- Low Back Pain
- Fatigue
- Considerations
- Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
- Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)
- Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS)
- Biopsy
2 mins
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Assessment
- Mechanism
- Improper Initiation of Clotting Cascade
- Signs and Symptoms
- Systemic Bleeding
- Petechiae, Purpura, Ecchymosis
- Change in LOC
- Increased PT and PTT
- Cyanosis
- Increased Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP)
- Decreased Platelets and Fibrinogen
2 mins
Alveolar Gas Exchange
- Characteristics
- Pulmonary Artery Blood is O2-Poor, CO2-Rich
- Two-Cell Thick Air-Blood Barrier
- CO2 Diffuses Into Air
- O2 Diffuses Into Blood
- Gases Equilibrate
- Pulmonary Vein is O2-Rich, CO2-Poor
- Thermoregulation
2 mins
Respiratory Anatomy
- Characteristics
- Nasal Cavity
- Hair Filters
- Mucus Filters and Moistens
- Capillaries Warm
- Pharynx (Throat)
- Larynx (Voice Box)
- Cilia Expel Mucus and Dust
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Alveoli
2 mins
Alveolar Gas Equation
- Equation
- Partial Pressure of Alveolar Oxygen (PAO2)
- Partial Pressure of Oxygen in the Inspired Air (PIO2)
- PIO2 Normally Approximated = 150 mmHg
- Arterial Partial Pressure of CO2 (PaCO2)
- Respiratory Quotient (R)
- R Normally Approximated = 0.8
- PAO2 = PIO2 - (PaCO2/R)
1 min
Tracheostomy Care
- Inner Cannula Removed and Cleaned
- Clean Q8 Hours Around Stoma
- One Finger Under Ties
- Considerations
- Speak with Deflated Cuff
- Can Eat with Tube in Place
- Keep Replacement Tube Nearby
- Immediately Replace if Dislodged
- Physician Does First Tube Change
2 mins
Pneumothorax
- Mechanism
- Air Enters Pleural Space
- Assessment
- Sudden Dyspnea
- Absent or Restricted Movement on Affected Side
- Decreased or Absent Breath Sounds on Affected Side
- Chest Pain
- Tracheal Deviation
- Vital Sign Changes
- Crepitus
- Considerations
- High Fowler's Position With Oxygen
- Prepare For Chest Tube Placement
- Educate High Risk Patients
2 mins
Chest Tubes: Management and Care
- Confirm suction order
- Assessment
- Crepitus
- Kinking
- Shortness of Breath (SOB)
- Infection
- Excessive bubbling
- Quick Interventions
- If tube dislodges from patient, use petroleum gauze taped 3 ways
- If drainage system is damaged, place disconnected drainage tube in sterile water
1 min
Pulmonary Embolism Causes
- Causes
- FAT BAT Mnemonic
- Fat
- Air
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Bacteria
- Amniotic Fluid
- Tumor
- Risk Factors
- Hypercoagulable
- Central Venous Lines
- Immobilized
1 min
Ace Your Registered Nurse (RN) Classes & Exams with Picmonic:
Over 2,040,000 students use Picmonic’s picture mnemonics to improve knowledge, retention, and exam performance.
Choose the #1 Registered Nurse (RN) student study app.
Picmonic for Registered Nurse (RN) covers information that is relevant to your entire Registered Nurse (RN) education. Whether you’re studying for your classes or getting ready to conquer your NCLEX®-RN, Hesi, ATI, TEAS test, Kaplan exams, we’re here to help.
Works better than traditional Registered Nurse (RN) flashcards.
Research shows that students who use Picmonic see a 331% improvement in memory retention and a 50% improvement in test scores.