🐇
EASTER SALE SAVE UP TO 30% NOW

Raz Shared "FPC" - 18 Picmonics

With Picmonic, facts become pictures. We've taken what the science shows - image mnemonics work - but we've boosted the effectiveness by building and associating memorable characters, interesting audio stories, and built-in quizzing. Whether you're studying for your classes or getting ready for a big exam, we're here to help.

FPC

Vitamin A (Retinol) Function and Deficiency
Mechanism
Retinol
Constituent of Visual Pigments
Differentiation of Epithelial Cells into Specialized Tissue
Signs and Symptoms
Night Blindness
Dry Skin
Considerations
Used to Treat Measles
Antioxidant
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins
Vitamin A (Retinol) Toxicity
Signs and Symptoms
Alopecia
Vision Changes
Headache
Skin Changes
Hyperlipidemia
Hepatotoxicity
Arthralgias
Teratogen
Cleft palate
Cardiac Abnormalities
picmonic thumbnail
3 mins
Vitamin D Deficiency
Signs & Symptoms
Rickets in children
Bending bones
Rachitic rosary
Breast milk has decreased vitamin D
Osteomalacia in adults
Tetany from Hypocalcemia
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins
Vitamin D Toxicity
Kidney Stones
Metastatic Calcification of the Kidney
Loss of Appetite
Abdominal Pain
Sarcoidosis
picmonic thumbnail
1 min
Vitamin E (Alpha-tocopherol)
Mechanism
Antioxidant
Indications
Fat Malabsorption Syndrome
Alpha-TTP Deficiency
Side Effects
Bleeding
Considerations
Increased Risk Hemorrhagic Stroke
Limit Doses < 200 IU per Day
Nuts and Whole Grains
Vegetable Oils
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins
Vitamin K
Sources
Dark Green Leafy Vegetables
Synthesized by Intestinal Flora
Mechanism
Activated by Epoxide Reductase
Gamma Carboxylation of Glutamate
Activation of Clotting Factors II, VII, IX, X, Protein C and S
Considerations
Deficiency with Broad Spectrum Antibiotics
Neonatal Hemorrhage with Increased PT and aPTT
Warfarin is a Vitamin K Antagonist
picmonic thumbnail
4 mins
Beriberi (Thiamine Deficiency)
Thiamine Deficiency
Dry Beriberi
Polyneuritis
Muscle Wasting
Wet Beriberi
Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Edema
picmonic thumbnail
51 secs
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
Classification
Vitamin B2
Biochemistry
FAD
FAD Makes 1.5 ATP
Succinate to Fumarate
DEFICIENCY
Glossitis
Cheilosis
Corneal Vascularization
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Derived from Tryptophan
Synthesis Requires Vitamin B6
Constituent of NAD+
Deficiency Causes
Hartnup Disease
Carcinoid Syndrome
Deficiency Symptoms
Pellagra
Diarrhea
Dermatitis
Dementia
Glossitis
Excess Symptoms
Flushing
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Pyridoxal Phosphate
Mechanism
Transamination
Decarboxylation
Glycogen Phosphorylase
Cystathionine Synthase
Functions
Heme Synthesis
Niacin Synthesis
Neurotransmitter Synthesis
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Mechanism and Deficiency
Mechanism
Cobalamin
Large reserve pool in the liver
Homocysteine to methionine
Methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Macrocytic Megaloblastic Anemia
Hypersegmented Neutrophils
Neurologic defects
Posterior column
Lateral corticospinal tract
Spinocerebellar tract
picmonic thumbnail
5 mins
Folate Deficiency
Clinical Features
Macrocytic Anemia
Megaloblastic Anemia
Etiologies
Malabsorption
Dietary
Tea and Toast
Alcoholics
Medication-induced
Methotrexate
Trimethoprim
Increased Requirement
Hemolytic Anemia
Pregnancy
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins
Vitamin C Mechanism and Deficiency
Mechanism
Ascorbic acid
Antioxidant
Protects Against Free Radicals
Keeps Iron in Reduced State
Hydroxylation of Proline and Lysine
Necessary for Dopamine B Hydroxylase
Deficiency Signs and Symptoms
Scurvy
Swollen Gums
Bruising
Poor Wound Healing
Hemarthrosis
Perifollicular Hemorrhages
Anemia
picmonic thumbnail
4 mins
Iron (Ferrous Sulfate)
Mechanism
Ferrous Salts
Indications
Anemia
Side Effects
GI Distress
Nausea and Vomiting
Dark Stools
Considerations
Take Between Meals
Liquid can Stain Teeth
Keep out of Reach from Children
Caution with GI Disorders
Avoid Antacids
picmonic thumbnail
3 mins
Zinc Deficiency
Mechanism
Used in Over 100 Enzymes
Zinc Finger Formation
Signs and Symptoms
Delayed Wound Healing
Hypogonadism
Decreased Adult Hair
Dysgeusia
Anosmia
Perioral Rash
Acrodermatitis Enteropathica
Increased Risk in Patients with Cirrhosis
picmonic thumbnail
2 mins
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Protected Health Information
Confidentiality
HIPAA Patient Rights
See and Copy Health Records
Update and Correct Health Record
Use and Disclosure of Protected Health Information
How to Receive Health Information
Permitted Disclosure of Personal Health Information (PHI) Without Patient Authorization
Public Health Activities
Law Enforcement
Deceased People
picmonic thumbnail
3 mins
Patient’s Rights
Patient’s Rights When Hospitalized
Respectful Care
Information
Consent or Refuse Treatment
Continuity of Care
Privacy and Confidentiality
Medical Record Review
Consent or Refuse Part in Research
Health Alternatives
Explanation of Charges and Bills
picmonic thumbnail
3 mins
Informed Consent
Key Elements
Names and Qualifications of People Involved
Explanation of the Procedure
Information on Harm that Can Result
Alternative Therapies
Right to Refuse
Nurses and Consent
Nurses May Witness Consent
Student Nurses Do Not Witness Consent
Emergency
Consent from Legally Authorized Person
Life Saving Procedure Without Consent
Special Considerations
Deaf, Illiterate, Speaks a Foreign Language
picmonic thumbnail
4 mins

Ace Your Medicine (MD/DO) Classes & Exams with Picmonic:

Over 2,030,000 students use Picmonic’s picture mnemonics to improve knowledge, retention, and exam performance.

Choose the #1 Medicine (MD/DO) student study app.

Picmonic for Medicine (MD/DO) covers information that is relevant to your entire Medicine (MD/DO) education. Whether you’re studying for your classes or getting ready to conquer the USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2 CK, COMLEX Level 1, or COMLEX Level 2, we’re here to help.

Works better than traditional Medicine (MD/DO) flashcards.

Research shows that students who use Picmonic see a 331% improvement in memory retention and a 50% improvement in test scores.

It's worth every penny