Hypertension Assessment
Essential Hypertension Secondary Hypertension Headache Vision Changes Nosebleed (Epistaxis) Chest Pain Syncope (Fainting) Average 2 Sets, 2 Minutes Apart After 2 or More Visits (within 1-4 weeks) Take BP Both Arms Common in African Americans Hypertension Medications
Diuretics ACE Inhibitors Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) Beta Blockers Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers Hypertension Intervention
Weight Reduction and Exercise Diet Changes Relaxation Techniques Smoking Cessation Medications Encourage Self Monitoring Primary Hypertension Risk Factors
Excessive Alcohol Consumption High Sodium Diet Dyslipidemia Obesity People of African Descent Advanced Age Vitamin D Deficiency Reduced Nephron Number Diabetes Lack of Physical Activity Blood Pressure Classification (JNC 7)
Normal Systolic (<120) Diastolic (< 80) Prehypertension Systolic +20 (120-139) Diastolic +10 (80-89) Stage 1 Hypertension Systolic +20 (140-159) Diastolic +10 (90-99) Stage 2 Hypertension Systolic + > 20 (160) Diastolic + > 10 (100) Hypertensive Crisis Systolic > 180 Diastolic > 110 Blood Pressure Classification (ACC/AHA 2017)
Normal Systolic Less than 120 Diastolic Less than 80 Elevated Systolic +10 (120-129) Diastolic Less than 80 Stage 1 Hypertension Systolic +10 (130-139) Diastolic +10 (80-89) Stage 2 Hypertension Systolic +40 (140-179) Diastolic +30 (90-119) Hypertensive Crisis Systolic greater than or equal to 180 Diastolic greater than or equal to 120 Coronary Arteries
Aortic Root Right Coronary Artery (RCA) Right (Acute) Marginal Artery Posterior Descending Artery (PDA) Left Coronary Artery (LCA) Left Anterior Descending (LAD) Artery Circumflex Artery Left Marginal Artery Unstable Angina
Chest Pain with Rest or Exertion Limits ADLs > 15 Minutes Less Likely Relieved by Nitroglycerin ST Depression Fatigue Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Treatment Emergency Treatment Stable Angina
Chest Pain with Exertion Relieved within 15 Minutes ST Depression Nitroglycerin Up to 3 Doses q 5 Minutes Rest Antiplatelet Medication CABG Angioplasty Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors
"-pril" Suffix Block Renin Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) Hypertension Heart Failure Dry Non-productive Cough Hypotension Dizziness Possible Hyperkalemia Angioedema Slowly Change Position Do Not Stop Abruptly Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)
Ends in "-sartan" Blocks Angiotensin II Receptor Hypertension Angioedema Renal Artery Stenosis Pregnancy Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)
Atherosclerosis Intermittent Claudication Pain with Exercise Paresthesias Arterial Ulcers Critical Limb Ischemia Amputation Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) Chronic Venous Insufficiency (Venous Stasis Ulcer) Interventions
Frequently Elevate Legs Avoid Standing/Sitting for Long Periods of Time Elastic Compression Stockings Bilayer Artificial Skin Daflon Wound Dressings Proper Foot and Leg Care Arterial vs. Venous Insufficiency Interventions
Arterial Insufficiency Venous Insufficiency Aerobic Exercise Strength Training Soft Tissue Mobilization Lifestyle Modifications Vascular Surgery Compression Therapy Lower Extremity/Calf Exercises Manual Therapy Skin Care Lifestyle Modifications Venous Thromboembolism (DVT) Assessment
Venous Wall Inflammation caused by Thrombus Tenderness Edema Warmth Asymmetry Could be Asymptomatic Monitor for Pulmonary Embolism Venous Thromboembolism (DVT) Interventions
Anticoagulants Prevention Education Frequent Ambulation Leg Exercises Compression Stockings or SCD's Avoid Nicotine and Oral Contraceptives Surgery Hemophilia
Genetic Mutation Prolonged Bleeding Pain Hemarthrosis Clotting Factor Replacement Therapy DDAVP (Desmopressin Acetate) Antifibrinolytic Therapy Analgesics Genetic Counseling Prevent Injury Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
Inhibits Platelet Aggregation NSAID Thrombotic Event Prevention General Pain Inflammatory Conditions Fever Pancytopenia GI Ulcers Bleeding Withhold Before Surgery 7-10 Days Reye's Syndrome Heparin (Unfractionated)
Suppresses Coagulation Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) Pulmonary Embolism Hemorrhage Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) Monitor aPTT Preferred (Safe) During Pregnancy Protamine Sulfate Arterial Ulcer Assessment
Absent or Decreased Pulses Intermittent Claudication Sharp Pain Dependent Rubor Well Defined Edges Over Bony Areas Smooth, Shiny Skin Toes, Heels, Lateral Lower Legs Cool View More
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