Herniated Disc (Nucleus Pulposus)
Spine Trauma Natural Degeneration Spinal Stenosis Pain Weakness Urinary and Fecal Incontinence Brace Medications Outpatient Procedures Surgery Multiple Sclerosis Features and Mechanisms
More Common in Women Presents in 20's and 30's Northern Europeans Unknown mechanism, genetic factor HLA-DRB1 Autoimmune Demyelination of CNS White Matter of Brain and Spinal Cord T Cell Mediated Inflammation Parkinson's Disease Assessment
Decreased Dopamine Older Adult Cogwheel Rigidity Bradykinesia Shuffling Gait Resting Tremor Pill-Rolling Mask-Like Face Cognitive Decline Parkinson's Disease Interventions
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet) Entacapone (Comtan) Selegiline (Eldepryl) Amantadine (Symmetrel) Bromocriptine (Parlodel) Benztropine (Cogentin) Allow Extra Time Ensure Patient Safety Surgery As Last Resort Parkinson's Drugs
Decreased Dopamine Increased Acetylcholine BALSA Acronym Bromocriptine Amantadine Levodopa Selegiline Antimuscarinics Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms and Diagnosis
Optic Neuritis Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia Scanning Speech Urinary and Fecal Incontinence Motor Issues (Intention Tremor, Paresis) Numbness and Pain Depression Relapsing Symptoms Gold Standard = Plaques on MRI Increased CSF Immunoglobulins (IgG) Oligoclonal Bands Multiple Sclerosis Interventions
Corticosteroids Interferon Beta Dimethyl Fumarate (Tecfidera) Fingolimod (Gilenya) Mitoxantrone (Novantrone) Natalizumab (Tysabri) Increase Exercise Identify Triggers Myasthenia Gravis
Antibodies to Acetylcholine Receptor Ptosis Diplopia Weakness with Muscle Use Respiratory Death Thymus Associated Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Plasmapheresis Thymectomy Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Progressive Muscle Weakness Systemic Muscle Wasting Fasciculations Spasticity Fatigue Riluzole (Rilutek) Stretching Little to No Cognitive Decline Respiratory Support Palliative Care Guillain-Barre Syndrome Assessment
Ascending Paralysis Muscle Weakness Paresthesias (Pins and Needles) Diplopia Difficulty Speaking Dysphagia Labile Blood Pressure Loss of Bowel and Bladder Control Aggressive Airway Management Posterior Column (Dorsal Column)
Ascending Pathway (Sensory) Proprioception Fine Touch Pressure Vibration Sensation Dorsal Root Fasciculus Cuneatus Arms Fasciculus Gracilis Lower Limbs Vitamin B12 Deficiency Tabes Dorsalis Spinothalamic Tracts
Ascending Pathway (Sensory) Lateral Temperature Pain Anterior Crude Touch Pressure Decussates at Anterior White Commisure Contralateral Anesthesia Cauda Equina Syndrome
Acute Loss of Lumbar Plexus Function Surgical Emergency Saddle Anesthesia Inflammatory Disorders Spinal Stenosis Trauma Lesions Urinary and Fecal Incontinence Sciatica Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Clinical Autonomic Dysreflexia
Injury Above T6 Paroxysmal Hypertension Bradycardia Diaphoresis Flushing Above Lesion Piloerection Nasal Congestion Headache Elevate Head of Bed Remove Noxious Stimuli Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Assessment
Change in LOC Headache Cushings Triad Irregular Respirations Widening Pulse Pressure Bradycardia Projectile Vomiting Abnormal Pupils Papilledema Posturing Types of Strokes
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit (RIND) Ischemic Thrombotic Atherosclerosis Embolic Atrial Fibrillation Hemorrhagic Severe Hypertension Traumatic Brain Injury Assessment
Change in LOC Personality Changes Amnesia Increased Intracranial Pressure Diplopia Posturing Basilar Skull Fracture Halo or Ring Sign Intracranial Bleeding Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Interventions
Elevate Head Of Bed Foley Catheter Mannitol (Osmitrol) High Dose Barbiturates Passive Hyperventilation Dexamethasone (Neoplasm or Infection) Neuro Assessment Maintain Normal Temperature Avoid Activities That Increase ICP Intracranial Monitoring System Left Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia) Side to Side Discrimination Aphasia Agraphia Slow Performance Aware of Deficits Anxiety Depression Right Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia) Poor Proprioception Disoriented to Person, Place, Time Can't Recognize Faces (Prosopagnosia) Loss of Judgement and Awareness Impulsiveness Personality Changes Tonal Hearing Loss View More
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