John Shared "Pharm Exam 4" - 76 Picmonics
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Pharm Exam 4
Hypothalamus
- Characteristics
- Anterior Pituitary Stimulated Through the Hypophyseal Portal
- GHRH
- GnRH
- TRH
- PIF
- CRF Released During Stress
- Posterior Pituitary Stimulated Through Neural Control
3 mins
Anterior Pituitary
- Characteristics
- Hypothalamic Control
- FLAT PeG Mnemonic
- Tropic Hormones
- Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
- Lutenizing Hormone (LH)
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
- Direct Hormones
- Prolactin (PRL)
- Growth Hormone (GH)
2 mins
Oxytocin (Pitocin)
- Mechanism of Action
- Increase Uterine Contractions
- Indications
- Labor Induction
- Control Postpartum Hemorrhage
- Side Effects
- Uterine Rupture
- Water Intoxication
- Contraindications
- Fetal Lung Immaturity
- Cervix Not Ripened
- Active Genital Herpes Infection
- Considerations
- Use Lowest Dose
- IV Pump
3 mins
Posterior Pituitary
- Characteristics
- Neuroendocrine Reflex Stimulation (By Hypothalamus)
- Direct Hormones
- Vasopressin
- Increased Water Retention (In Kidneys)
- Oxytocin
- Increased Uterine Contraction
- Mammary Glands Contraction
2 mins
Thyroid Gland
- Characteristics
- TSH Stimulates T3 and T4 Release
- Metabolism Regulation
- Blood Calcium Sensor
- Calcitonin Release
- Blood Calcium Decreases
- Bone Building
2 mins
Hypothyroidism Assessment
- Assessment
- Weight Gain - Edema
- Lethargy
- Cold Intolerance
- Bradycardia
- Hypertension
- Brittle Nails and Dry Skin
- Constipation
- Goiter
- Prolonged Menses
- Slowed Thinking
- Diagnostic Tests
- Decreased Free T4
- Increased TSH
2 mins
Hyperthyroidism Assessment
- Assessment
- Heat Intolerance
- Exophthalmos
- Warm, Moist Skin and Silky Hair
- Tremors
- Goiter
- Diarrhea
- Weight Loss
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
- Amenorrhea
- Diagnosis
- Decreased TSH with Elevated Free T4
- Radioactive Iodine Uptake (RAIU)
2 mins
Hypothyroidism Intervention
- Medications
- Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
- Liothyronine (Cytomel)
- Complication
- Myxedema Coma
- Nursing Considerations
- Lifelong Replacement Hormone
- Monitor Vital Signs
- Fluids and Fiber
- Low Calorie, Low Fat Diet
- Medication Education
- No Switching Brands
2 mins
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
- Mechanism
- Synthetic T4
- Indications
- Hypothyroidism
- Side Effects
- Thyrotoxicosis
- Tremors
- Heat Intolerance
- Insomnia
- Tachycardia
- Considerations
- Do Not Use for Obesity
- TSH Monitoring
2 mins
Hyperthyroidism Interventions
- Drug Therapy
- Propylthiouracil (PTU)
- Methimazole (Tapazole)
- Iodine
- Beta Blockers
- Other Therapies
- Radioiodine Ablation
- Thyroidectomy
- Complications
- Thyrotoxicosis
- Post-Surgery Hypocalcemia
2 mins
Propylthiouracil (PTU) and Methimazole (MMI)
- Indications
- Hyperthyroidism
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Thyroid Peroxidase
- PTU Blocks Peripheral Conversion of T4 to T3
- Side Effects
- Agranulocytosis
- Skin Rash
- Hepatotoxicity (PTU)
- Teratogen (MMI)
1 min
Insulin
- Rapid Acting
- Insulin Lispro (Humalog)
- Insulin Aspart (Novolog)
- Insulin Glulisine (Apidra)
- Short Acting
- Regular Insulin (Humulin R)
- Intermediate Acting
- Isophane NPH (Humulin N)
- Long Acting
- Detemir (Levemir)
- Glargine (Lantus)
2 mins
Hyperglycemia
- Mechanism
- Insulin Resistance
- Too Little Insulin/Medication
- Infection/Illness
- Corticosteroids
- Assessment
- Elevated Blood Glucose
- Polyphagia
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria
- Hypotension
- Fatigue/Drowsiness
1 min
Glucagon (GlucaGen)
- Mechanism
- Increases Glucose
- Indications
- Hypoglycemic Emergency
- Side Effects
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Considerations
- Reconstitute Powder
- Consume Oral Carbohydrates
- 50% Dextrose IV (If No Effect)
2 mins
Pancreas
- Characteristics
- Acinar Cells Release Digestive Enzymes
- Ductal Epithelial Cells Release Bicarbonate
- Islets of Langerhans
- Beta Cells Release Insulin
- Alpha Cells Release Glucagon
- Delta Cells Release Somatostatin
- Somatostatin Inhibits Alpha and Beta Cells
3 mins
Diabetes Assessment
- Assessment Type 1
- Juvenile Onset
- Absent Insulin Production
- Ketosis Prone
- Assessment Type 2
- Adult Onset
- Insulin Resistance
- Obesity
- Gestational Diabetes
- Onset During Pregnancy
- Glucose Intolerance
- Complications
- Retinopathy
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Nephropathy
- Neuropathy
2 mins
Diabetes Education
- Self-Monitoring (Blood Glucose)
- SubQ Injection Technique
- Lifestyle Changes
- Symptoms of Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia
- Sick Day Care
- Foot Care
- Exercise Therapy
- Medication
1 min
Metabolic Syndrome
- Assessment
- Dyslipidemia
- Central Obesity
- Insulin Resistance
- Hypertension
- Increased C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
- Increased Fibrinogen
- Considerations
- Increased Risk Cardiovascular Disease
1 min
Hemoglobin A1c Lab Value
- 4-6%
1 min
Diabetes Interventions
- Early Diagnosis
- Insulin
- Oral Hypoglycemics
- Glucose Monitoring
- Routine Exercise
- Diabetic Diet
- Monitor for Complications
- Insulin Therapy
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
2 mins
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