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Allyson Shared "GI" - 42 Picmonics

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GI

Colorectal Cancer Assessment
3rd Most Common Cancer
Assessment
Change in Bowel Habits
Bowel Obstruction
Rectal Bleeding
Anemia
Weight Loss
Ascites
Considerations
Colonoscopy
FOBT and FIT
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2 mins
Crohn's Disease Assessment
Diarrhea
5-6 per day
Cramping Abdominal Pain
Fever
Weight Loss
Malabsorption
Anemia
Complications
Obstruction
Fistulas
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2 mins
Crohn's Disease Characteristics
Terminal Ileum and Colon
Rectal Sparing
Transmural Inflammation
Granulomas
Skip Lesions
Cobblestone Mucosa
Fissures
Fistulas
Perianal Disease
Creeping Fat
Lymphoid Aggregates
String Sign on Barium Swallow
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2 mins
Crohn's Symptoms and Associations
Diarrhea
Malabsorption
Bile-Wasting
Pigment Gallstones
Oxalate Kidney Stones
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Erythema Nodosum
Uveitis
Migratory Polyarthritis
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2 mins
Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis Assessment
Diverticulosis
Outpouching
Diverticulitis
Inflamed Diverticula
Assessment
Abdominal Pain
Abdominal Distention
Flatulence
Fever
Rectal Bleeding
Alternating Constipation and Diarrhea
Considerations
Peritonitis
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2 mins
Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis Interventions
Interventions
High Fiber Diet
Reduce Intra-abdominal Pressure
Stool Softeners
Exercise
Anticholinergics
Considerations
Antibiotics
Bowel Resection
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2 mins
Erythema Nodosum
Pathophysiology
Panniculitis
Painful Inflammation
Subcutaneous Fat
Anterior Shins
Risk Factors
Coccidioidomycosis
Pregnancy or OCP Use
Crohn's Disease
Tuberculosis (TB)
Histoplasmosis
Sarcoidosis
Ulcerative Colitis
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2 mins
Fistula Causes
FRIEND Mnemonic
Foreign Body
Radiation
Inflammation or Infection
Epithelialization
Neoplasm
Distal Obstruction
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1 min
Giardia lamblia
Characteristics
Protozoa
Ingestion of Cysts
Seen in Campers
Daycare Centers
Mental Hospitals
Infects Small Intestine
Signs and Symptoms
Bloating
Flatulence
Fatty Diarrhea
Diagnosis
Crescent-shaped Protozoa Adjacent to Epithelial Brush Border
Predisposed if Low IgA
Treatment
Metronidazole
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3 mins
Hirschsprung Disease
Failure of Neural Crest Cell Migration
Involves Rectum
Lack of Auerbach and Meissner Plexus
Chronic Constipation
Failure to Pass Meconium
Congenital Megacolon
Increased Risk with Down Syndrome
RET Mutations
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2 mins
Intestinal Obstruction
Partial/Early Obstruction
Severe Abdominal Pain
Vomiting
High Pitched Bowel Sounds
Abdominal Distention
Increased Peristalsis
Total/Neurogenic Obstruction
Absent Bowel Sounds
Paralytic Ileus
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1 min
Lynch Syndrome (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer)
Characteristics
Autosomal Dominant
Defective DNA Mismatch Repair
80% Risk of Colon Cancer Development
Proximal (Right) Colon
Type II associated with Endometrial, Ovarian and Skin Cancers
3-2-1 Rule
3 Relatives with Colon Cancer
Occurs Across 2 Generations
1 Relative Diagnosed < 50 Years Old
Treatment
Frequent Screening
Colectomy
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3 mins
Meckel's Diverticulum
Pathophysiology
True Diverticulum
Vitelline Duct
Yolk Stalk
Contain Ectopic Tissue
Pancreatic And Gastric Mucosa
Signs and Symptoms
Hemorrhage
Intussusceptions
Volvulus
Diagnosis
2 Feet From Ileocecal Valve
2 Inches Long
2% Population
First 2 Years Of Life
Pertechnetate T99
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2 mins
Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome
Mechanism and Characteristics
Symptomatic Age: 10-30 Years
LKB1/STK11 Gene Mutation
Autosomal Dominant
Signs and Symptoms
Benign GI Hamartomatous Polyps
Mucocutaneous Hyperpigmentation
Positive Family History
Increased Risk of Colorectal Carcinoma
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1 min
Salmonella Enterica Spp.
Characteristics
Animal and Human Reservoir
Poultry and Eggs
Turtles
PMN Immune Response
Symptoms
Gastroenteritis
Diarrhea
Possibly Bloody
Treatments
No Antibiotics
No Vaccine Available
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2 mins
Salmonella Overview
Pathophysiology
Gram-Negative Rod
Oxidase Negative
Non Lactose Fermenter
White on Macconkey Agar
H2S Producing
Flagella
Invades GI Tract
Peyer's Patches
Considerations
Osteomyelitis in Sickle Cell Patients
Reactive Arthritis
Antibiotics Prolong Fecal Excretion
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3 mins
Shigella
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacilli
Non Lactose Fermenting
White on Macconkey Agar
Oxidase Negative
Non H2S Producing
Day Care Centers
High Virulence
Replicates Intracellularly
Actin Rocket
Signs and Symptoms
Bloody Diarrhea
Shiga Toxin
Inhibits 60S Ribosome
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
Hemolytic Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Kidney Failure
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3 mins
Ulcerative Colitis Associations
Associations
Toxic Megacolon
Colorectal Carcinoma
Anterior Uveitis
Pyoderma Gangrenosum
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis
P-ANCA
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1 min
Ulcerative Colitis Characteristics
Autoimmune
Mucosal and Submucosal Only
Rectal Involvement
Stepwise Lesions
Friable Pseudopolyp
Crypt Abscess
Loss of Haustra
Lead Pipe Appearance
Bloody Diarrhea
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2 mins
Yersinia Enterocolitica
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacilli
Non-lactose Fermenting
Non-H2S Producing
Oxidase-Negative
Day Care Centers
Pork
Raw Milk
Pet (Puppy) Feces
Signs and Symptoms
Bloody Diarrhea
Mesenteric Adenitis
Granulomatous Microabscess in Mesenteric Lymph Nodes
Pseudoappendicitis (Mimics)
Reactive Arthritis
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2 mins

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