TIa Shared "cardio exam 1" - 33 Picmonics
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cardio exam 1
Endocarditis Assessment
- Infection of Inner Layer and Valves
- Assessment
- Fever
- Fatigue
- New or Changed Murmurs
- Roth's Spots
- Splinter Hemorrhages
- Janeway Lesions
- Osler's Nodes
- Considerations
- Heart Failure
- Embolization
2 mins
Endocarditis Interventions
- Interventions
- IV Antibiotics
- 4-6 Weeks
- Anticoagulants
- Good Hygiene
- Considerations
- Closely Monitor
- Antibiotic Prophylaxis
- Dental Procedures
- Invasive Procedures
1 min
Duke Criteria for Infective Endocarditis
- Major Criteria
- Blood Culture Positive
- Endocardial Involvement
- Minor Criteria
- Fever
- Immunologic Phenomena
- Vascular Phenomena
- Predisposition
- Microbiological Evidence
- Diagnosis
- Two Major Criteria, or
- One Major and Three Minor Criteria, or
- Five Minor Criteria
4 mins
Bacterial Endocarditis
- Signs and Symptoms
- Fever
- New murmur
- Janeway Lesions
- Splinter Hemorrhages
- Roth spots/round white spots on retina
- Osler nodes/tender lesions on finger or toe pads
- Anemia
2 mins
Rheumatic Fever
- Pathophysiology
- Pharyngeal Infection with Strep Pyogenes (Group A Strep)
- Rheumatic Heart Disease
- Signs and Symptoms
- Aschoff Bodies
- Anitschkow's Cells
- Early Death Due to Myocarditis
- Migratory Polyarthritis
- Subcutaneous Nodules
- Erythema Marginatum
- Chorea
- Diagnosis
- Elevated ESR
2 mins
Rheumatic Fever Assessment
- Mechanism
- Aschoff Bodies
- Signs and Symptoms - Major
- Carditis
- Subcutaneous Nodules
- Polyarthritis
- Chorea
- Erythema Marginatum
- Signs and Symptoms - Minor
- Fever
- Arthralgia
- Elevated ESR and C-reactive Protein
- Complications
- Rheumatic Heart Disease
2 mins
Rheumatic Fever Interventions
- Antibiotics
- Prophylactic Treatment
- Relieve Joint Pain
- Prevent Cardiac Complications
- Educate Chorea is Temporary
1 min
Aortic Stenosis
- Characteristics
- Age-related Calcifications
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve
- Crescendo-decrescendo Murmur
- Systolic Murmur
- Ejection Murmur
- Ejection Click
- Radiates to Carotids and Apex
- Pulsus Parvus et Tardus
- Syncope
- Helmet Cells
2 mins
Aortic Regurgitation
- Auscultation
- Diastolic Murmur
- Immediate High-pitched
- Blowing Murmur
- Clinical Findings
- Wide Pulse Pressure
- Water Hammer Pulse
- Head Bobbing
- Pulsating Nail Bed
- Considerations
- Can Cause Austin Flint Murmur
1 min
Tricuspid Regurgitation
- Holosystolic
- Blowing Murmur
- Radiates to Right Sternal Border
- Enhanced by Inspiration
1 min
Mitral Stenosis
- Characteristics
- Murmur Follows Opening Snap
- Late Diastolic Murmur
- Enhanced by Expiration
- Low-Pitched Rumbling
- Dilation of Left Atrium (LA)
- Recurrent Attacks of Rheumatic Fever
2 mins
Mitral Regurgitation
- Characteristics
- Holosystolic
- Blowing Murmur
- Loudest at Apex
- Radiates toward Axilla
- Louder by Squatting
- Hand Grip
- Expiration
1 min
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Continuous
- Machine like murmur
- Often Due to Congenital Rubella
- Prematurity
1 min
Right to Left Heart Shunts
- The 5 Ts
- Truncus Arteriosus
- Transposition of the Great Vessels
- Tricuspid Atresia
- Tetralogy of Fallot
- Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)
- Associations
- Cyanosis at Birth
- May Require PDA
1 min
Left-to-Right Heart Shunts
- The 3 Ds
- Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
- PDA
- Associations
- Later Cyanosis
- Clubbing
- Eisenmenger's Syndrome
2 mins
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
- Pathophysiology
- Hole in Septum between the Atria
- Symptoms
- Often Asymptomatic
- Wide and Fixed Split S2
- Cyanosis and Dyspnea
- Easily Fatigued
- Diagnosis
- Chest X-ray shows Increased Pulmonary Vascular Markings
- Echocardiogram
- Treatment
- Surgery if CHF as Child
- Antibiotic Prophylaxis
- Most Close Spontaneously
2 mins
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Pathophysiology
- Opening at Intraventricular Septum
- Most Common Congenital Heart lesion
- Symptoms
- High-pitched Holosystolic Murmer (over left sternal border)
- Dyspnea and Respiratory Distress
- Loud Pulmonic S2
- Diagnosis
- Echocardiogram
- Treatment
- Small VSDs Close Spontaneously
- Large VSDs Require Surgery
- Complications
- Endocarditis
- Eisenmenger's Syndrome
- CHF
2 mins
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
- Features
- Blue Baby Syndrome
- Mechanism
- PROVe Acronym
- Pulmonary Infundibular Stenosis
- Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
- Overriding Aorta
- Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Diagnosis and Treatment
- Boot-Shaped Heart
- Squatting for Tet Spells
- Surgery
2 mins
Coarctation of The Aorta
- Pathophysiology
- Constriction of a Portion of Aorta
- Turner Syndrome
- Symptoms
- Asymptomatic Hypertension
- BP Higher in Upper Extremities, Right Arm
- CHF
- Diagnosis
- Echocardiogram
- Cardiac Catheterization
- 3 Sign on Chest X-Ray
- Rib Notching
- Treatment
- Surgical Correction
2 mins
ACE Inhibitors
- -Pril Suffix
- Indications
- Hypertension
- CHF
- Diabetic Nephropathy
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits ACE
- Decreases GFR
- Inhibits Constriction of Efferent Arteriole
- Side Effect
- Increased Bradykinin
- Cough
1 min
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