Carlos Shared "10 Neurology Pharm" - 53 Picmonics
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10 Neurology Pharm
Epinephrine
- Mechanism of Action
- Alpha Agonist
- Beta Agonist
- Indications
- Hypotension
- Anaphylaxis
- Allergy
- Glaucoma
45 secs
Systemic Effects of Beta-Blockers
- Respiratory
- Bronchoconstriction
- Metabolic
- Decreased Insulin
- Decreased Glycolysis and Lipolysis
- Eye
- Reduces Intraocular Pressure
1 min
Brimonidine
- Treats Glaucoma
- Decreases aqueous humor synthesis directly via Alpha 2
- Alpha 2 Agonist
- Blurry Vision
- Ocular Hyperemia (Red eye)
- Foreign body sensation
- Ocular allergic reactions and pruritus
Acetazolamide
- Indications
- Glaucoma
- Altitude Sickness
- Pseudotumor Cerebri
- CHF
- Metabolic Alkalosis
- Mechanism of Action
- Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
- Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) Diuresis
- Side Effects
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Paresthesias
1 min
Direct Cholinomimetics
- Muscarinic Agonists
- Bethanechol
- Bladder and Bowels
- Methacholine
- Bronchoconstriction
- Pilocarpine
- Contracts Ciliary Muscle and Pupillary Sphincter
- Carbachol
- Releases Intraocular Pressure
1 min
Indirect Cholinomimetics
- Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors
- Doesn't Cross BBB
- Edrophonium
- Myasthenia Gravis (Diagnosis)
- Pyridostigmine and Neostigmine
- Myasthenia Gravis (Tx)
- Ileus
- Crosses BBB
- Physostigmine
- Atropine Overdose
- Glaucoma
- Donepezil
- Alzheimer's
2 mins
Latanoprost (PGF2Alpha) and Bimatoprost
- Prostaglandin F2-alpha Analog
- Increases outflow of aqueous humor
- Darkens color of iris (browning)
- Eyelash growth
- First line treatment for Glaucoma
Opioids Overview
- Indications
- Pain
- Weaning
- Cough
- Diarrhea
- Mechanism of Action
- Agonists at Mu (μ), Kappa (Κ), and Delta (δ) Receptors
- Decrease Synaptic Transmission
- Side Effects
- Respiratory Depression
- Addiction
- Miosis
- Constipation
2 mins
Morphine
- Mechanism
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Indications
- Pain
- Myocardial Infarction
- Side Effects
- Nausea and Vomiting
- CNS Depression
- Biliary Colic
- Constipation
- Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP)
- Pupillary Constriction
- Hypotension
2 mins
Meperidine (Demerol)
- Mechanism
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Indications
- Moderate to Severe Pain
- Post Anesthesia Shivering
- Side Effects
- Tremors
- Constipation
- CNS Depression
- Sedation
- Considerations
- Short Term Administration
- Increased Risk Serotonin Syndrome
- Does NOT cause Miosis
- Renal Failure Increases Toxicity Risk
2 mins
Codeine
- Mechanism
- Opioid Receptor Agonist
- Indications
- Mild to Moderate Pain
- Cough Suppressant
- Side Effects
- Sedation
- Constipation
- Miosis
- Considerations
- Close Monitoring When Breast Feeding
- Often Combined with Non-Opioids
2 mins
Butorphanol
- Indications
- Migraine
- Severe Pain
- Labor
- Mechanism of Action
- Partial Agonist at Mu and Full Agonist at Kappa Receptors
- Less Respiratory Depression
- Side Effects
- Withdrawal Symptoms
1 min
Tramadol
- Indications
- Chronic Pain
- Mechanism of Action
- Weak Opioid
- Inhibit Serotonin and NE reuptake
- Side Effect
- Increased Risk of Seizure
48 secs
Pentazocine
- Mechanism
- κ-opioid receptor agonist
- μ-opioid receptor antagonist
- Indications
- Analgesia for moderate to severe pain
- Side Effect
- Can cause opioid withdrawal symptoms if patient is also taking full opioid agonist (competition for opioid receptors)
Ethosuximide
- Indications
- First Line Absence Seizure Treatment
- Mechanism of Action
- Blocks Thalamic T-Type Ca2+ Channels
- Side Effects
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
32 secs
Barbiturates
- Barb- Drug Names
- Indications
- Seizure Treatment
- Anesthesia Induction
- Mechanism of Action
- Increased Duration of Cl- Channel Opening
- Decrease Neuron Firing
- Side Effects
- Sedation
- Cardiovascular and Respiratory Depression
- CNS Depression
- P450 inducer
2 mins
Phenytoin
- Indications
- Status Epilepticus
- Tonic-Clonic Seizures
- Mechanism of Action
- Blocks Na+ Channel Activation
- Inhibition of Glutamate Release
- Class IB Antiarrhythmic
- Side Effects
- Teratogenic
- Macrocytic Megaloblastic Anemia
- Induce Cytochrome P450
- Drug-induced Lupus
- Neuropathy
- Hirsutism
- Gingival Hyperplasia
1 min
Carbamazepine
- Indications
- First-line Seizure Medication
- First Line for Trigeminal Neuralgia
- Mechanism of Action
- Stabilizes Inactive State of Na+ Channels
- Side Effects
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- Induce Cytochrome P450
- Teratogen
- Hepatotoxicity
- Blood Dyscrasias
2 mins
Valproic Acid
- Indications
- First Line Tonic-Clonic Seizure Treatment
- Bipolar Disorder
- Migraine Prophylaxis
- Mechanism of Action
- Increases GABA Concentration
- Blocks Voltage-Gated Na+ Channels
- Side Effect
- GI Distress
- Contraindication
- Contraindicated in Pregnancy
1 min
Valproic Acid (Valproate) Side Effects
- V-A-L-P-R-O-A-T-E
- Vomiting
- Alopecia
- Liver Toxicity
- Pancreatitis/Pancytopenia
- Retain Fat (Weight Gain)
- Oedema (Edema)
- Appetite Increase
- Tremor
- Enzyme Inhibitor (P450)
2 mins
