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Path Bugs
Lyme Disease
Mechanism
Transmitted by Ticks (Vector-borne)
Signs and Symptoms
Flu-like Symptoms
Bulls Eye Rash (Erythema Migrans)
Joint Pain and Stiffness
Facial Paralysis
Considerations
Antibiotics
Prevention
2 mins
Borrelia burgdorferi
Characteristics
Lyme Disease
Spirochete
Dark-field Microscopy
Giemsa Stain
Silver Stain
White-footed Mouse
Ixodes Tick
Babesia
Anaplasmosis
Signs & Symptoms
Flu-like Symptoms
Erythema Migrans
Bulls Eye Rash
Bilateral Bell's Palsy
Conduction Defects
Arthropathy
Treatments
Doxycycline
Ceftriaxone
3 mins
Rickettsia
Need CoA and NAD
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Typhus
Ehrlichiosis
Q fever
Arthropod vector
Fever
Headache
Rash
Weil-Felix reaction
Treatment doxycycline
1 min
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Rickettsia rickettsii
Dermacentor Wood Tick
Endemic to East Coast
Fever
Headache
Rash Starts on Wrist and Ankle
Rash migrates towards the trunk
Thrombocytopenia
Hyponatremia
Elevated liver enzymes
59 secs
Coxiella burnetii
Characteristics
Gram Negative Bacteria
Intracellular
Aerosol Transmission
Affects Animal Handlers
Presentation
Q Fever
Flu-like Symptoms
Atypical Pneumonia
Hepatitis
Endocarditis
Diagnosis
Serology
Treatment
Doxycycline
2 mins
Yersinia Pestis (Black Plague)
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacilli
Oxidase-Negative
Non-lactose Fermenting
Prairie Dogs
Fleas
Polysaccharide Capsule
Vw Antigen
F1 Antigen
Inhibits Macrophages
Southwest Region
Signs and Symptoms
Lymphadenopathy
Pneumonia
Black Cutaneous Hemorrhagic Lesions
Buboes
Diagnosis
Bipolar Giemsa Staining
3 mins
Vibrio Cholera Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Bacilli
Glucose Fermenting
Non-lactose Fermenting
Oxidase Positive
Comma Shaped
Thrives in Alkaline Environment
Crustaceans
1 min
Vibrio Cholera Disease
ADP Ribosylating AB Toxin
Turn Gs on Causing Increase in cAMP
Secretion of Cl
Blocks Reabsorption of Na
Rice Water Diarrhea
1 min
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Characteristics
Enveloped
Double Stranded DNA
Linear
Signs and Symptoms
Type 1 HSV
Gingivostomatitis
Keratoconjunctivitis
Encephalitis of Temporal Lobes
Latent in Trigeminal Ganglia
Type 2 HSV
Genital Vesicles
Neonatal Herpes
TORCHES
Latent in Sacral Ganglia
Diagnosis
Tzanck Test
Multinucleated Giant Cells
Cowdry A Inclusions
Treatment
Acyclovir
2 mins
Chlamydia Characteristics
Characteristics
Cannot Make ATP
Elementary body infects
Intraepithelial
Reticulate Body Replicates
Diagnosis
Cell Wall Lacks Muramic Acid
Giemsa Stain
Inclusion Bodies
Treatment
Azithromycin (Preferred)
Doxycycline
2 mins
Chlamydia trachomatis
Characteristics
A to C
Trachoma
Follicular Conjunctivitis
Blindness
Africa
L1 to 3
Lymphogranuloma venereum
Buboes
Genital Ulcer
D to K
Urethritis and PID
Neonatal Pneumonia
Staccato Cough
Neonatal Conjunctivitis
2 mins
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Disease
Signs & Symptoms
Dysuria
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
Neonatal Conjunctivitis
Pharyngitis
Septic Arthritis
Tenosynovitis
Pustules On Hands And Feet
Treatment
Ceftriaxone
Azithromycin
Doxycycline
Considerations
C5-9 Complement Deficiency (Recurrent Infections)
2 mins
Neisseria gonorrhoeae Characteristics
Characteristics
Gram Negative
Diplococci
Chocolate Agar
Thayer-Martin Media
VPN
Oxidase Positive
Glucose Fermenting
Pilus
Opa Surface Protein
Rapid Antigenic Variation
IgA Protease
2 mins
Chlamydia
Mechanism
Chlamydia trachomatis
Assessment
May Be Asymptomatic
Dysuria
Epididymitis
Discharge
Dyspareunia
Interventions
Doxycycline
Azithromycin
No Intercourse for 1 Week
Treat Partners
2 mins
Trichomonas vaginalis
Characteristics
Protozoa
Signs and Symptoms
Vaginitis
Pruritus
Foul-smelling Greenish Frothy Discharge
Strawberry Cervix
Diagnosis
Corkscrew Motility on Wet Prep
Treatment
Metronidazole
2 mins
Gardnerella vaginalis
Signs and Symptoms
Bacterial Vaginosis
Not an STD
Fishy Smell
Whiff Test
Grey Vaginal Discharge
Increase pH
Clue Cells
Squamous Epithelial Cells Covered with Bacteria
Mobiluncus Coinfection
Treatment
Metronidazole
2 mins
Haemophilus ducreyi
Characteristics
Gram-Negative
Coccobacillus
Pleomorphic
Parallel Short Chains
School of Fish Appearance on Gram Stain
Signs and Symptoms
Chancroid
Painful Genital Ulcer
Buboes
Treatment
Azithromycin
Ceftriaxone
2 mins
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Characteristics
Non-enveloped
Circular
Double Stranded DNA
Disease
Warts 1, 2, 6, 11
Condyloma acuminata
Type 16, 18
Cervical Carcinoma
Penile Carcinoma
AIDS/Immunocompromised
Worsened by Smoking
Diagnosis
Koilocytic change in squamous epithelium
Pyknotic Nuclei Surrounded by Clear Halo
Treatment
Vaccine Available
4 mins
Syphilis
Characteristics
Treponema pallidum
Spirochete with characteristic motility
Signs and Symptoms
Painless chancre
Condylomata lata
Generalized lymphadenopathy
Rash on palms and soles
Aortitis
Gummas
Neurosyphilis
Argyll Robertson pupils
Vasa vasorum
Tabes dorsalis
Treatment
Penicillin
Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction
2 mins
Syphilis
Mechanism
Treponema pallidum
Assessment
Primary Stage
Painless Chancre
Secondary Stage
Rash on Palms and Soles
(Generalized) Lymphadenopathy
Condylomata Lata
Latent Stage
Asymptomatic
Tertiary (Late) Stage
Aortitis
Neurosyphilis
Gummas
Interventions
Penicillin
Jarisch-Herxheimer Rash
3 mins
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