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Gregory Shared "Pharm Antineoplastic drugs" - 16 Picmonics

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Pharm Antineoplastic drugs

Methotrexate
Indications
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Cancer
Medical Abortion
Mechanism
Folic Acid Analog
Inhibits Dihydrofolate Reductase
Side Effects
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Myelosuppression is Treated with Leucovorin Rescue (Folinic Acid)
Macrocytic Anemia
Hepatitis
Teratogenic
Mucositis
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2 mins
Fluorouracil (5-FU)
Mechanism
Antimetabolite
"Thymine-less Death"
Indications
Slow-growing Solid Tumors
Co-administered with Leucovorin for Stomach Cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma (Topical)
Side Effects
Myelosuppression
Mucositis
Severe Diarrhea
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3 mins
Cytarabine
Pyrimidine analog
inhibits DNA polymerase
Treats Leukemias and Lymphomas
Causes myelosuppression with megaloblastic anemia
Causes pancytopenia
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Cladribine
Purine (Adenosine) Analog
Also called Leukostatin
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits Adenosine Deaminase
Inhibits Viral DNA Polymerase
Use
Hairy Cell Leukemia
Multiple sclerosis
Side Effects
Myelosuppression
Nephrotoxicity
Neurotoxicity
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Vincristine (Oncovin)
Mechanism
Vinca Alkaloid
Inhibits Microtubules
Indications
Leukemias
Lymphomas
Side Effects
Peripheral Neuropathy
Paralytic Ileus
Considerations
Vesicant
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2 mins
Paclitaxel (Taxanes)
Mechanism of Action
Taxane
Stabilizes Microtubules
Indications
Breast Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Kaposi Sarcoma (HHV-8)
Side Effects
Mucositis
Myelosuppression
Peripheral Neuropathy
Hypersensitivity
Alopecia
Considerations
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
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2 mins
Cyclophosphamide
Mechanism
Requires Bioactivation by Liver
Cross-links DNA
Guanine N7 Position
Indications
Autoimmune Disorders
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Solid Tumors
Side Effects
Myelosuppression
Hemorrhagic Cystitis
Prevent with Mesna
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3 mins
Busulfan
Indications
CML
Bone Marrow Ablation
Mechanism
Cross-Links DNA
Side Effects
Myelosuppression
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Hyperpigmentation
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55 secs
Cisplatin
Indications
Carcinomas
Ovarian
Bladder
Lung
Testicular
Mechanism
Cross-Links DNA
Side Effects
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Treat with Amifostine and Chloride Diuresis
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2 mins
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
Indications
Solid Tumors
Lymphomas and Leukemias
Mechanism
Free Radical Production
Intercalates DNA
Prevents Double Helix from Sealing
Side Effect
Cardiotoxicity
Dexrazoxane Decreases Toxicity
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1 min
Bleomycin
Indications
Testicular Cancer
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Mechanism of Action
Induces Free Radical Formation
Breaks in DNA Strands
Side Effects
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Skin Changes
Mucositis
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1 min
Trastuzumab
Indications
HER-2+ Breast Cancer
Stomach Cancer
Mechanism
Monoclonal Antibody Against HER-2
Inhibition of Cellular Signaling
Cytotoxicity
Side effects
Cardiotoxicity
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1 min
Cetuximab and Panitumumab
Mechanism
Monoclonal Antibodies Against EGFR
Indications
Colorectal Cancer
Head and Neck Cancer
Ménétrier Disease
Side Effects
Elevated LFTs
Rash
Diarrhea
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
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1 min
Bevacizumab Side Effects
Impaired (Delayed) Wound Healing
Hemorrhage
Nosebleed (Epistaxis)
GI Perforation
Thromboembolic Event
Osteonecrosis of the Jaw
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1 min
Imatinib (Gleevec)
Indications
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Inhibitor of BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase
Caused by Philadelphia Chromosome
GI Stromal Tumors
Inhibitor of C-kit Tyrosine Kinase
Toxicity
Fluid Retention
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1 min
Erlotinib
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits EGFR Tyrosine Kinase
Inhibits Progression of G1 to S Phase
Indications
Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Pancreatic Cancer
Side Effects
Rash
Diarrhea
Considerations
Avoid Grapefruit Juice
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1 min

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