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Andrea Shared "Pharm II Midterm" - 39 Picmonics

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Pharm II Midterm

Paclitaxel (Taxanes)
Mechanism of Action
Taxane
Stabilizes Microtubules
Indications
Breast Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Kaposi Sarcoma (HHV-8)
Side Effects
Mucositis
Myelosuppression
Peripheral Neuropathy
Hypersensitivity
Alopecia
Considerations
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
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Hydroxyurea
Mechanism
Inhibits Ribonucleotide Reductase
Decreased DNA Synthesis
S-phase Specific
Indications
Melanoma
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Sickle Cell Disease
Through Increased HbF (Fetal Hemoglobin)
Side Effects
Myelosuppression
GI Distress
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2 mins
Leukemia Interventions
Diagnosis
Bone Marrow Aspiration
X-Rays
Interventions
Chemotherapy
Bleeding Precautions
Neutropenic Precautions
Strict Asepsis
Bone Marrow Transplant
Blood Transfusions
Monitor Temperature Elevations
Adequate Nutrition
Imatinib (Gleevec) for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
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3 mins
Ondansetron
Indications
Postoperative Vomiting
Chemotherapy-induced Nausea and Vomiting
Mechanism
5-HT3 Serotonergic Antagonist
Centrally-acting Antiemetic
Side Effects
Headache
Constipation
QT Prolongation
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1 min
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Interventions
Diagnosis
Biopsy
Staging
Interventions
Radiation
Chemotherapy
Treat Side Effects of Therapy
Considerations
Secondary Cancer Screening
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2 mins
Breast Cancer Interventions
Radiation or Chemotherapy
Hormonal Therapy
Tamoxifen
Lumpectomy
Mastectomy
Avoid BP and Injections Affected Arm
Hand Exercises
Considerations
Grief Related to Body Image
Prosthetics
Reconstruction
Lymphedema
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3 mins
Cisplatin
Indications
Carcinomas
Ovarian
Bladder
Lung
Testicular
Mechanism
Cross-Links DNA
Side Effects
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Treat with Amifostine and Chloride Diuresis
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2 mins
Vincristine (Oncovin)
Mechanism
Vinca Alkaloid
Inhibits Microtubules
Indications
Leukemias
Lymphomas
Side Effects
Peripheral Neuropathy
Paralytic Ileus
Considerations
Vesicant
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2 mins
Sickle Cell Anemia (Management)
Long Term Treatment
Hydroxyurea
Bone Marrow Transplant
Folate
Acute Treatment
Exchange Transfusion
Prophylaxis
Penicillin Prophylaxis
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1 min
Cetuximab and Panitumumab
Mechanism
Monoclonal Antibodies Against EGFR
Indications
Colorectal Cancer
Head and Neck Cancer
Ménétrier Disease
Side Effects
Elevated LFTs
Rash
Diarrhea
Hypokalemia
Hypomagnesemia
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1 min
Cyclophosphamide
Mechanism
Requires Bioactivation by Liver
Cross-links DNA
Guanine N7 Position
Indications
Autoimmune Disorders
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Solid Tumors
Side Effects
Myelosuppression
Hemorrhagic Cystitis
Prevent with Mesna
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3 mins
Methotrexate
Indications
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Cancer
Medical Abortion
Mechanism
Folic Acid Analog
Inhibits Dihydrofolate Reductase
Side Effects
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Myelosuppression is Treated with Leucovorin Rescue (Folinic Acid)
Macrocytic Anemia
Hepatitis
Teratogenic
Mucositis
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2 mins
Rituximab
Indications
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Formerly Wegener's)
Mechanism
Monoclonal Antibody Against CD20
Found on B Cell Neoplasms
Side Effects
Infusion Reactions
Skin and Mouth Reactions
Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
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3 mins
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
Indications
Solid Tumors
Lymphomas and Leukemias
Mechanism
Free Radical Production
Intercalates DNA
Prevents Double Helix from Sealing
Side Effect
Cardiotoxicity
Dexrazoxane Decreases Toxicity
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1 min
Cell-Cycle Specificity of Anticancer Drugs
G2 phase drugs intercalate DNA
Bleomycin can cause damage to the lungs
Doxorubicin is cardiotoxic
M-phase drugs
M-phase drugs inhibit Mitosis
Vinblastine and Vincristine block tubular polymerization
Placlitaxel blocks Depolymerization of microtubules
S-Phase drugs Block DNA systhesis
Antimetabolites block the S-phase of the cell cycle
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Imatinib (Gleevec)
Indications
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Inhibitor of BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase
Caused by Philadelphia Chromosome
GI Stromal Tumors
Inhibitor of C-kit Tyrosine Kinase
Toxicity
Fluid Retention
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1 min
Cetuximab
EGFR Inhibitor
Colon Cancer
Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Head and Neck Cancer
Acne-like Rash
Allergic Reaction
Diarrhea
Elevated liver enzymes
Erlotinib, Afatinib
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Dopamine
Indications
Heart Failure
Shock
Unstable Bradycardia
Mechanism of Action
Alpha 1 Agonist (at high doses)
Induces Vasoconstriction
Beta-1 & 2 Agonist
Dopamine 1 and 2 Agonist
Side Effects
Arrhythmias
Nausea and Vomiting
Kidney Damage
Gangrene
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3 mins
Ergot Alkaloid: Bromocriptine
Mechanism of Action
D2 receptor AGONIST
D1 receptor ANTagonist
Contraindication
Coronary Heart Disease
Hypertension
Peripheral vascular disease
Side Effects
Nausea and Vomiting
Tardive Dyskinesia
Hallucinations
Indications
Migraine
Parkinson's Disease
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52 secs
Dexamethasone
Decadron
Corticosteroid
Inflammation
Cytokines
Severe allergies and asthma
Hypertension
Cushing syndrome
Monitor weight, blood pressure, electrolytes
Glucose levels
Take with Food
vision change or loss
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2 mins

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Andrea Shared Pharm II Midterm - 39 Picmonics