Marianne Shared "372 exam 2" - 27 Picmonics
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372 exam 2
Rheumatoid Arthritis Interventions
- Lifestyle Modifications
- Heat and Cold Applications
- Therapeutic Exercise
- Balance Rest and Activity
- Drug Therapy
- NSAIDs
- DMARDs
- Glucocorticoids
- Considerations
- PT/OT
- Reconstructive Joint Surgery
2 mins
Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessment
- Mechanism
- Destruction of Connective Tissue and Synovial Membrane
- Signs and Symptoms
- Inflammation of Joints
- Morning Stiffness
- Nodules
- Joint Deformities
1 min
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Assessment
- Mechanism
- Multisystem Inflammatory Disorder
- Assessment
- Malar Rash
- Discoid Rash
- Arrhythmias
- Arthritis
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Seizures
- Glomerulonephritis
- Considerations
- Periods of Exacerbation and Remission
- Diagnosed by ANA (Anti-nuclear antibody assay)
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Interventions
- Avoid Sunlight
- Drug Therapy
- Glucocorticoids
- Methotrexate
- NSAIDs
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Azathioprine
- Considerations
- Monitor for Renal Failure (ARF)
- Manage Pain
2 mins
HIV CD4+ 100
- Signs and Symptoms
- Aspergillus fumigatus
- Cryptococcus neoformans
- Candida albicans (Esophagitis)
- Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) B-cell lymphoma
- Toxoplasma gondii
- Cryptosporidium
- Bartonella henselae
5 mins
HIV CD4+ 200
- Signs and Symptoms
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- JC Virus
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
- Pneumocystis Pneumonia
- (HIV) Dementia
- Histoplasmosis
3 mins
HIV CD4+ 500
- Signs and Symptoms
- Candida albicans (Oral Thrush)
- Kaposi's Sarcoma (HHV-8)
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Epstein-Barr Virus (Oral Hairy Leukoplakia)
3 mins
HIV Prophylaxis Medications
- CD4+ < 200
- TMP-SMX
- Pneumocystis Pneumonia
- CD4+ < 100 Susceptible to Toxoplasma Gondii
- CD4+ < 50
- Mycobacterium Avium and Intracellulare
- Azithromycin If Delayed Therapy
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Stages
- Primary Infection
- Within 3 Weeks
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Asymptomatic Stage
- Years
- Symptomatic Stage
- CD4+ < 500
- AIDS
- Opportunistic Infections
- CD4+ < 200
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Assessment
- Assessment
- RNA Retrovirus
- CD4+ Helper T Cells
- Primary Infection
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Lymphadenopathy
- Symptomatic Stage
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Unexplained Weight Loss
- White Spots on Tongue
- Persistent Fever
- Night Sweats
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Diagnosis
- HIV-1/2 Antigen/Antibody Immunoassay
- HIV-1/2 Antibody Differentiation Immunoassay
- Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT)
- Viral Load
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Neonates
3 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Interventions
- Interventions
- Adequate Nutrition
- Small Frequent Meals
- IV Hydration
- Emotional Support
- HIV Medications
- HAART
- Considerations
- Transmission Education
- Strict Asepsis for Invasive Procedures
- Treat Opportunistic Infections
2 mins
NRTIs (Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors)
- Indications
- HIV
- Pregnancy and Prophylaxis given ZDV
- Mechanism
- Inhibit Nucleotide Binding to Reverse Transcriptase
- Chain Termination
- Require Phosphorylation
1 min
NNRTIs (Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors)
- Indications
- HIV
- Mechanism
- Do Not Require Intracellular Metabolism
- Inhibits Reverse Transcriptase
- Side Effects
- Rash
- Hepatotoxicity
- Vivid Dreams and CNS Symptoms
- Contraindication
- Pregnancy
2 mins
Stages of Hypothermia
- Mild
- 32 to 35°C (90 to 95°F)
- Shivering
- Moderate
- 28 to 32°C (82 to 90°F)
- Obvious Motor Impairment
- Slowed Thinking
- Severe
- < 28°C (< 82°F)
- Shivering Stops
- Paradoxical Undressing
- Arrhythmias
3 mins
Hypothermia Interventions
- Remove From Environment
- Remove Wet Clothing
- Passive Rewarming
- Warm Clothing
- Active Rewarming
- Heated Blankets
- Warm IV Solutions
- Heated Oxygen
- Warm Gastric Lavage
- Considerations
- Warm Trunk BEFORE Extremities
2 mins
Hypersensitivity Type I
- Previous Antigen Exposure
- Immediate Reaction
- IgE Cross-linking
- Presensitized Mast Cells
- Histamine Release
- Vasodilation
- Anaphylaxis
- Allergies
- Treatment
- Epinephrine
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type II
- Cytotoxic
- IgM or IgG antibody-mediated
- Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)
- Mechanism
- Opsonization
- Complement Activation
- NK Cells
- Testing
- Direct Coombs test
- Indirect Coombs Test
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type III
- Immune Complex
- Antigen-antibody (IgG) complex activates complement
- Neutrophils release lysozomal enzymes
- Examples
- Arthus Reaction
- Serum Sickness
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type IV
- Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity
- T Cell Mediated
- Antibody Independant
- Macrophages Activated
- Examples
- Transplant Rejection
- PPD Skin Test
- Contact Dermatitis
1 min
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