Chiamaka Shared "B6 Path 2 " - 31 Picmonics
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B6 Path 2
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
- Assessment
- Bimodal Age Distribution
- Painless Vaginal Bleeding
- Amenorrhea
- Menorrhagia (Heavy Menstrual Bleeding)
- Metrorrhagia (Bleeding Between Menses)
- Interventions
- Balloon Thermotherapy
- Hormone Medications
- Dilation and Curettage (DandC)
- Considerations
- Monitor for Anemia
3 mins
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
- Mechanism
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
- Chlamydia Trachomatis
- Symptoms
- Cervical Motion Tenderness
- Chandelier Sign
- Salpingitis
- Tubo-ovarian abscess
- Hydrosalpinx
- Complications
- Ectopic Pregnancy
- Infertility
- Adhesions
- Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
2 mins
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Interventions
- Antibiotics
- No Intercourse for 3 Weeks
- Semi-Fowler's Position
- Analgesics
- Monitor Temperature
- Treat Partners
2 mins
Endometriosis Characteristics
- Endometrial Tissue Outside of Uterus
- Glands and Stroma
- Most Common in Ovary, Pelvis, Peritoneum and Bowels
- "Chocolate Cyst" in Ovary
- Adenomyosis
- Theories
- Retrograde Flow
- Metaplastic Transformation
- Mullerianosis
2 mins
Endometriosis Symptoms and Treatment
- Symptoms
- Dysmenorrhea
- Cyclic Pelvic Pain
- Dyschezia
- Dysuria
- Dyspareunia
- 30-40% are Infertile
- Treatment
- Surgery
- NSAIDs
- OCPs
- Progesterone (Progestins)
- GnRH Agonists
1 min
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Mechanism
- Mechanism
- Hyperinsulinemia Increases GnRH Pulse Frequency
- Large Increase in LH
- Small Decrease in FSH
- Increased Androgen Production From Theca-Lutein Cells
- Decreased Steroid Hormone-Binding-Globulin (SHBG) Causes Increased Free Testosterone
- Obese Patients Have Increased Estrogen
- Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer
2 mins
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Symptoms and Diagnosis
- Symptoms
- Most Common Cause of Infertility in Women
- Amenorrhea
- Acne
- Hirsutism
- Obesity
- Diagnosis
- Enlarged, Cystic Ovaries
- LH:FSH Ratio of 3:1
- "String of Pearls" on Ultrasound
1 min
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Treatment
- Weight Loss
- Oral Contraceptives
- Clomiphene Citrate
- Anti-androgens
- Cyclic Progesterone for Endometrial Protection
- Metformin
1 min
Menopause Symptoms
- Symptoms
- HAVOCS Mnemonic
- Hot Flashes
- Atrophy of Vagina
- Osteoporosis
- Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
- Sleep disturbances
50 secs
Menopause Lab Findings
- Decreased Estrogen
- Lack of Negative Feedback
- Increased FSH
- Increased LH
- Increased GnRH
- Small Amount of Estrogen From Androgen Conversion
- Increased Androgens = Hirsutism
1 min
Cervical Cancer Screening
- Women Aged 21-65 Years
- Pap Smear Every 3 Years
- Women Aged 30-65 Years
- Can Opt for Co-testing (Pap Smear + HPV Testing) Every 5 Years
- Identify Lesions
- High grade lesions
- Cryotherapy
- Loop Excision
- Cold Knife Conization
2 mins
Cervical Cancer Assessment
- Cause/Mechanism
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Assessment
- Metrorrhagia
- Leukorrhea
- Pain
- Abnormal Pap Test
- May Be Asymptomatic
- Considerations
- HPV Vaccine
2 mins
Leiomyoma
- Most common GU tumor
- Most common tumor in women
- Increased incidence in African Americans
- Age is a common risk factor, with a lifetime risk of women over 45 being 60%
- Can be subserosal, intramural, submucosal
- Higher association of AUB with submucosal lesions compared to intramural and subserosal myomas
- Well circumscribed, non-encapsulated, benign smooth muscle tumors of the myometrium
- Estrogen and progesterone important to growth
- Each fibroid is monoclonal, made up of cell from a single progenitor cell
- Tumor is active during pregnancy and obesity (high estrogen states), but not menopause (low estrogen state)
- Symptoms: bulk
- pelvic pressure
- urinary frequency (extrinsic compression)
- infertility and/or recurrent pregnancy loss
- Abnormal uterine bleeding
- heavy menstrual bleeding
- intermenstrual bleeding
- Dysmenorrhea
- Cigar-shaped nuclei
Fibroadenoma
- Most Common Benign Breast Tumor
- Stromal Tumor
- Presentation
- Women under 40
- Small, firm mass
- Sharp Edges
- Increased tenderness and size with Estrogen
- Management
- Biopsy
1 min
Intraductal Papilloma
- Presentation
- Bloody nipple discharge
- Women 20-40 years old
- Mechanism
- Small tumor in lactiferous ducts
- Occurs Centrally
- Occurs Peripherally
- Increased malignancy
- Diagnosis
- Too Small to Palpate
- Galactogram biopsy
1 min
Phyllodes Tumor
- Presentation
- Common in 40's
- Large Palpable Mass
- Mechanism
- Benign
- Rarely Malignant
- Low-Grade Tumor
- Leaf-Like
- Stromal Tumor
- Treatment
- Wide Resection
2 mins
Breast Cancer Diagnosis
- Mammography
- Ultrasound
- MRI for High Risk Patients
- Confirmed with Biopsy
- Considerations
- Lymph Node Involvement
- Receptor Positivity
- Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors
- HER-2
2 mins
Breast Cancer Interventions
- Radiation or Chemotherapy
- Hormonal Therapy
- Tamoxifen
- Lumpectomy
- Mastectomy
- Avoid BP and Injections Affected Arm
- Hand Exercises
- Considerations
- Grief Related to Body Image
- Prosthetics
- Reconstruction
- Lymphedema
3 mins
Fibromas
- Non-germ cell tumor
- Meigs Syndrome
- Thecoma
- Pulling sensation in groin
- Spindle-shaped fibroblasts
44 secs
Hydatidiform Mole (Molar Pregnancy)
- Cause/Mechanism
- Abnormal Fertilization
- Assessment
- Symptoms of Pregnancy
- Elevated hCG
- Vaginal Bleeding
- Inappropriate Uterine Growth
- No Fetal Heart Rate (FHR)
- Interventions
- Dilation and Curettage (D&C)
- Emotional Support
- Considerations
- No Pregnancy 1 Year
- Hysterectomy
3 mins
