Ellie Shared "concepts exam 2" - 24 Picmonics
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concepts exam 2
Dawn Phenomenon
- Cause/Mechanism
- Increased Hormone Production
- Assessment
- Hyperglycemia Upon Awakening
- Interventions
- Long-Acting Evening Insulin
- Change Administration Times
- Insulin Pump
- Considerations
- Closely Monitor Glucose Levels
- Between 2-6AM
- Limit Carbohydrates Before Bedtime
2 mins
Diabetes Assessment
- Assessment Type 1
- Juvenile Onset
- Absent Insulin Production
- Ketosis Prone
- Assessment Type 2
- Adult Onset
- Insulin Resistance
- Obesity
- Gestational Diabetes
- Onset During Pregnancy
- Glucose Intolerance
- Complications
- Retinopathy
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Nephropathy
- Neuropathy
2 mins
Diabetes Interventions
- Early Diagnosis
- Insulin
- Oral Hypoglycemics
- Glucose Monitoring
- Routine Exercise
- Diabetic Diet
- Monitor for Complications
- Insulin Therapy
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
2 mins
Diabetes Education
- Self-Monitoring (Blood Glucose)
- SubQ Injection Technique
- Lifestyle Changes
- Symptoms of Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia
- Sick Day Care
- Foot Care
- Exercise Therapy
- Medication
1 min
Metabolic Syndrome
- Assessment
- Dyslipidemia
- Central Obesity
- Insulin Resistance
- Hypertension
- Increased C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
- Increased Fibrinogen
- Considerations
- Increased Risk Cardiovascular Disease
1 min
COPD Overview (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Overview)
- Causes
- Inhaled Toxins
- Smoking
- AAT Deficiency
- Assessment
- Emphysema
- Chronic Bronchitis
- Asthma
- Considerations
- Spirometry
- Slow Progression
2 mins
Chronic Bronchitis Assessment
- Clinical Findings
- Chronic Productive Cough
- > 3 Months for 2 Years
- Increased Mucus Production
- Dyspnea
- Cyanosis
- Wheezes
- Complications
- Right Side Heart Failure
- Jugular Venous Distention (JVD)
- Peripheral Edema
2 mins
Chronic Bronchitis Interventions
- Tripod Position
- Humidified Oxygen
- Pursed Lip Breathing
- Increase Fluid Intake
- ABGs
- Early Detection of Exacerbation
- Considerations
- Lowest O2 Therapy
- Assisted Ventilation
- Increased Infection Risk
2 mins
Emphysema
- Mechanism
- Hyperinflation and Loss of Elasticity
- Assessment
- Pursed Lip Breathing
- Barrel Chest
- Dyspnea on Exertion
- Clubbing
- Depression and Anxiety
- Thin Appearance
- Nursing Considerations
- CO2 Retention
- Low Concentration of O2
- High Fowler's Position
- High Calorie, High Protein Diet
2 mins
Pneumothorax
- Mechanism
- Air Enters Pleural Space
- Assessment
- Sudden Dyspnea
- Absent or Restricted Movement on Affected Side
- Decreased or Absent Breath Sounds on Affected Side
- Chest Pain
- Tracheal Deviation
- Vital Sign Changes
- Crepitus
- Considerations
- High Fowler's Position With Oxygen
- Prepare For Chest Tube Placement
- Educate High Risk Patients
2 mins
Pulmonary Embolism Assessment
- Assessment
- Shortness of Breath (SOB)
- Pleuritic Chest Pain
- Tachypnea
- Hemoptysis
- Hypoxemia
- Considerations
- Sudden Death
52 secs
Respiratory Acidosis Assessment
- Assessment
- Decreased pH < 7.35
- Increased PaCO2 > 45
- Reduced Respirations
- Anxiety
- Change in LOC
- Tachycardia
- Cyanosis
- Increased Electrolytes
- ECG Changes
- Muscle Weakness
- Hyporeflexia
2 mins
Respiratory Acidosis Interventions
- Improve Respiration
- Pharmacologic Interventions
- Bronchodilators
- Respiratory Stimulants
- Drug Antagonists
- Nonpharmacologic Interventions
- Oxygen
- Assisted Ventilation
- Prevent Complications
1 min
Respiratory Alkalosis Assessment
- Assessment
- Increased pH > 7.45
- Decreased PaCO2 < 35 mmHg
- Hyperventilation
- Brainstem Stimulation
- Head Injury
- Shock
- Lightheadedness
- Tingling Lips or Fingers
- Trousseau's
- Chvostek's Sign
- Anxiety
2 mins
Respiratory Alkalosis Interventions
- Treat Underlying Cause
- Mechanically Ventilated Patients
- Decrease Tidal Volume and/or Respiratory Rate
- Give Adequate Pain Control and Sedation
- Hyperventilation Syndrome
- Sedatives
- Antidepressants
- Considerations
- Compensatory Drop in Serum Bicarbonate
- Calming Breathing Exercises
- Correct CO2 Slowly
2 mins
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Assessment
- Cause
- Damaged Alveolar-Capillary Membrane
- Assessment
- Restlessness
- Dyspnea
- Refractory Hypoxemia
- Decreased PaO2
- Diffuse Pulmonary Infiltrates
- Atelectasis
- Pulmonary Hypertension
2 mins
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Interventions
- Interventions
- Closely Monitor Patient
- ABG's (Arterial Blood Gases)
- Oxygen
- Assess for O2 Toxicity
- Mechanical Ventilation
- PEEP
- Assess for Pneumothorax
- Permissive Hypercapnia
- Considerations
- High Mortality Rate
2 mins
Postoperative Care
- Head to Toe Assessment
- Complications
- Hemorrhage
- Clotting
- Pain
- Dehiscence or Evisceration
- Respiratory Complications
- Paralytic Ileus
- Infection
2 mins
Postoperative Fever
- 5 W's
- Wind (Days 1-3)
- Atelectasis
- Pneumonia
- Water (Days 3-5)
- Urinary Tract Infection from Catheter
- Walking (Days 4-6)
- Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Wound (Days 5-7)
- Infection
- Wonder Drugs (Days 7+)
- Drugs
2 mins
Preoperative Care
- Preop Education
- Surgical Procedure
- NPO
- Turn, Cough, Deep Breathe, Incentive Spirometer
- Lower Extremity Exercises
- Compression Stockings or SCD's
- Pain Management
- Safety
- Informed Consent
- Physical Preparation
- Preop Checklist
- Handoff to Surgery
- Universal Precautions
2 mins
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