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Leslie Shared "Medications for Infections" - 34 Picmonics

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Medications for Infections

Antibiotics Overview
Cell Wall Inhibitors
Cell Wall Inhibitors
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Monobactams
Carbapenems (Imipenem & Meropenem)
Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
Aminoglycosides
Macrolides
Clindamycin
Tetracyclines
Linezolid
Chloramphenicol
Other
Fluoroquinolones
Sulfonamides
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4 mins
Penicillin
Mechanism of Action
Weakens Cell Wall
Indications
Gram-Positive Infections
Prophylaxis
Side Effects
Pain at IM Injection Site
Allergic Reaction
Considerations
Skin Tests
Allergy ID
Medication Education
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2 mins
Ampicillin and Amoxicillin
Mechanism
Aminopenicillin
Broad Spectrum Penicillin
Indications
Gram-Positive and Some Gram-Negative Infections
Side Effects
Rash
Diarrhea
Considerations
No Effect Against Staph Aureus
Often combined with Beta Lactamase Inhibitor
Allergic Reaction
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2 mins
Aztreonam (Azactam)
Mechanism
Monobactam Antibiotic
Bactericidal
Indications
Gram-Negative Infections
No Activity on Gram-Positives or Anaerobes
Side Effects
Blood Dyscrasias
Pain at Injection Site
Considerations
Safe for Penicillin Allergy
Synergistic with Aminoglycosides
Nebulizer Form Available
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2 mins
Cephalosporins
Starts with "Cef-"
Mechanism of Action
Bactericidal
Indications
Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Infections
Side Effects
Allergic Reactions
Thrombophlebitis
Bleeding
Contraindications
Renal Impairment
Considerations
Avoid IV Calcium with Ceftriaxone
No Alcohol
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2 mins
Imipenem and Meropenem (Carbapenems)
Mechanism
Carbapenems
Broad-spectrum Antibiotic
Bactericidal
Indications
Gram Positive and Gram Negative Infections
Side Effects
GI Distress
Suprainfections
Seizures
Considerations
Penicillin Allergy
IV or IM Route
Imipenem Combined with Cilastatin
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3 mins
Macrolides
End in "-thromycin"
Mechanism of Action
Bacteriostatic
Indications
Alternative for Penicillin Allergy
Respiratory Infections
Pneumonia
Side Effects
QT Prolongation and Sudden Death
C.Diff Overgrowth
GI Distress
Considerations
Slow IV Infusion
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2 mins
Macrolides Side Effects
Side Effects
Diarrhea
Prolonged QT Interval
P450 Inhibitor
Cholestatic Hepatitis
Skin Rash
Eosinophilia
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3 mins
Tetracyclines Overview
End in "-cycline"
Mechanism of Action
Bacteriostatic
Indications
Infectious Diseases
Acne
Periodontal Disease
Nursing Considerations
Avoid Milk, Antacids, Iron
Sunlight Protection
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1 min
Tetracyclines Side Effects
Side Effects
Superinfection
Clostridioides difficile
Discoloration of Teeth
Bone Deformities
Photosensitivity
Contraindications
Children Under 8
Pregnancy
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1 min
Tetracycline Toxicities
Inhibition of Bone Growth in Children
Teratogen
Discoloration of Teeth
Photosensitivity
GI Distress
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2 mins
Fluoroquinolones
End in "-floxacin"
Mechanism of Action
Bactericidal
Indications
Variety of Infections
Side Effects
GI Distress
Photosensitivity
Achilles Tendon Rupture
Contraindications
Pregnancy
Children
Myasthenia Gravis
Considerations
Avoid Milk Products or Antacids
Slow IV Infusion
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2 mins
Fluoroquinolones Toxicities
Diarrhea
Skin Rash
Headache
Tendon Rupture in Adults
Myalgias in Kids
Damage to Cartilage
Teratogen
QT Prolongation
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1 min
Vancomycin Side Effects & Toxicity
Side Effects
Thrombophlebitis
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Diffuse Flushing Called Red Man Syndrome
Prevent with Antihistamine
Prevent with Slow Infusion
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2 mins
Vancomycin
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
Indications
Serious Gram-Positive Infections
Side Effects
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Red Man Syndrome
Thrombophlebitis
Nursing Considerations
Culture Samples First
Infuse IV Over 60 Minutes
Take Around the Clock
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2 mins
Clindamycin
Mechanism
Bacteriostatic
Binds 50S Ribosomal Subunit
Indications
Gram-Positive Infections
Anaerobic Infections
Side Effects
Rash
Pseudomembranous Colitis
C. Difficile (Associated Diarrhea)
Arrhythmias
Blood Dyscrasias
Considerations
Monitor for Diarrhea
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3 mins
Sulfonamides
Mechanism of Action
Bacteriostatic
Indications
Urinary Tract Infection
Side Effects
Crystalluria
Photosensitivity
Hemolytic Anemia
Kernicterus
Rash
Considerations
Sulfa Allergy
Encourage Fluids
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2 mins
Sulfonamides Side Effects
Side Effects
Hypersensitivity
Nephrotoxicity
Photosensitivity
Kernicterus in Infants
Displaces Warfarin from Albumin
Considerations
Hemolysis with G6PD Deficiency
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3 mins
Silver Sulfadiazine (Silvadene) and Mafenide Acetate (Sulfamylon)
Mechanism
Topical Antimicrobial
Indications
Burns
Open Wound Care
Side Effects
Mafenide
Pain
Acidosis
Considerations
Administer Analgesic Prior to Wound Care
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1 min
Sulfa Drug Allergies
Sulfasalazine
Sulfonylureas
Thiazide Diuretics
Acetazolamide
Furosemide Diuretic
Celecoxib
Probenecid
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49 secs

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