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Kelly Shared "Exam 2" - 17 Picmonics

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Exam 2

Hyperemesis Gravidarum
Signs and Symptoms
Excessive Vomiting
Significant Weight Loss
Dehydration
Hypotension
Electrolyte Imbalance
Interventions
Antiemetics
Frequent Small Meals
IV Therapy
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2 mins
Hydatidiform Mole (Molar Pregnancy)
Cause/Mechanism
Abnormal Fertilization
Assessment
Symptoms of Pregnancy
Elevated hCG
Vaginal Bleeding
Inappropriate Uterine Growth
No Fetal Heart Rate (FHR)
Interventions
Dilation and Curettage (D&C)
Emotional Support
Considerations
No Pregnancy 1 Year
Hysterectomy
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3 mins
Preeclampsia Assessment
After 20 Weeks of Pregnancy
Mild
Hypertension > 140/90
Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
Severe
Hypertension > 160/110
Progressive Renal Insufficiency
Vision Changes
HELLP Syndrome
Pulmonary Edema
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2 mins
Preeclampsia Interventions
Side Lying Position and Bedrest
Antihypertensives
Magnesium Sulfate
Labor Induction
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1 min
Severe Preeclampsia
Mechanism of Action
Vasospasm and Decreased Organ Perfusion
Intravascular Coagulation
Increased Permeability and Capillary Leakage
Signs and Symptoms
Hypertension
Proteinuria or End-Organ Dysfunction
HELLP Syndrome
Hepatic Dysfunction and Hemolysis
Elevated Liver Enzymes
Low Platelet Counts
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3 mins
Eclampsia
Mechanism of Action
Increased Central Nervous System Irritability
Signs and Symptoms
Hyperreflexia
Positive Ankle Clonus
Headaches
Visual Disturbances
Epigastric or RUQ Pain
Seizures
Coma
Considerations
Don't Leave Bedside
Magnesium Sulfate
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2 mins
Ectopic Pregnancy
Signs and Symptoms
Lower Abdominal Pain
Delayed Menses
Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding
Shock
Referred Shoulder Pain
Cullen Sign
Considerations
Methotrexate
Surgery
RhoGAM
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2 mins
Hyperbilirubinemia
Cause/Mechanism
Increased Unconjugated Bilirubin
Assessment
Jaundice
Kernicterus
Interventions
Early Feedings
Heme Oxygenase Inhibitors
Phototherapy
Protect Eyes
Monitor for Dehydration
Considerations
Monitor Bilirubin Levels
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3 mins
RhoGam [Rho(D) Immune Globulin]
Indications
Antepartum Prevention at 28 weeks
Suppress Antibody Production
Mechanism of Action
Lysis of Fetal RBC in Maternal Bloodstream
Side Effects
Myalgia and Lethargy
Considerations
Negative Coombs Test
Standard Dose 300 mcg
Microdose 50 mcg
Blood Product
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2 mins
Pregnant Diabetic Patient Interventions
First Trimester
Increase Insulin then Decrease
Metformin
Nutrition
Exercise
Second Trimester
Increase Insulin
More Likely to Develop Hypoglycemia than Hyperglycemia
Third Trimester
Double or Quadruple Insulin
Early Delivery
Postpartum
Drastically Decrease Insulin
Monitor Neonate for Hypoglycemia
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3 mins
TORCHeS Screening
TORCHES
Toxoplasmosis
Other
Rubella
Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
Syphilis
Considerations
Diagnostic Testing
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3 mins
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) TORCH
Signs and Symptoms
Nonspecific TORCH symptoms
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (Retardation)
Deafness
Microcephaly
Seizures
Periventricular Calcifications
Petechial Rash
Blueberry Muffin Rash
Chorioretinitis
Diagnosis
Urine Viral Culture or PCR
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2 mins
Syphilis TORCH
Signs and Symptoms
Nonspecific TORCH Symptoms
Often Results in Stillbirth
Hydrops Fetalis
Saber Shins
Notched Teeth
Saddle Nose
Blindness
Deafness
Hepatitis
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3 mins
Rubella TORCH
Signs and Symptoms
Nonspecific TORCH Symptoms
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Pulmonary Artery Hypoplasia
Cataracts
Deafness
Blueberry Muffin Rash
Glaucoma
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1 min
Toxoplasma gondii TORCH
Signs and Symptoms
Congenital TORCH Infection
Mom Usually Asymptomatic
Rarely Lymphadenopathy
Nonspecific TORCH Signs
Intrauterine Growth Retardation
Hepatosplenomegaly
Deafness
Chorioretinitis
Hydrocephalus
Diagnosis
Calcifications
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1 min
Quad Screen Results Interpretation
Markers
AFP
Estriol
hCG
Inhibin A
Associations
Increased hCG + Inhibin A (HIgh)
Down Syndrome
Decreased hCG + Estriol + AFP (Low HEAp)
Edward Syndrome
Increased AFP
Neural Tube Defects
Abdominal Wall Defects
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2 mins
Postpartum Infection
Diagnosis
Fever > 100.4F After 24 Hours (38 C)
Risk Factors
Multiple Vaginal Examinations
Vaginal Trauma
Prolonged Rupture of Membranes
Cesarean Birth
Anemia of Pregnancy
Retained Placental Fragments
Poor Health Status
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3 mins

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