Joel Shared "Neurology Diseases/Genetic Disorders" - 43 Picmonics
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Neurology Diseases/Genetic Disorders
Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
Bilateral Amygdala Lesion
Associated with HSV-1
Hyperorality
Hypersexuality
Disinhibited Behavior
1 min
Craniopharyngioma
Hypopituitarism
Remnants of Rathke's Pouch
Tooth-enamel Like Calcification
Cholesterol Crystals
Yellow Viscous Fluid
Headache
Bitemporal Hemianopsia
1 min
Hemangioblastoma
Most Often Cerebellar
Associated with Von Hippel-Lindau
Retinal Angiomas
Can Produce EPO
Secondary Polycythemia
Foamy Cells
High Vascularity
59 secs
Ependymoma
Occur in Children
Fourth Ventricle
Hydrocephalus
Perivascular Pseudorosettes
Rod Shaped Blepharoplasts
Cauda Equina in Adults
Poor Prognosis
Neurofibromatosis Type II
2 mins
Oligodendroglioma
Slow growing tumor
Frontal lobe
Chicken Wire Pattern
Fried egg appearance
Calcifications
32 secs
Medulloblastoma
Pathophysiology
Occurs in Children
Cerebellum
Fourth Ventricle
Diagnosis
Small Blue Cells
Lots of Mitotic Figures
Homer Wright Rosettes
Signs and Symptoms
Hydrocephalus
Ataxia
Wide-based Gait
Treatment
Radiosensitive
2 mins
Glioblastoma Multiforme
Most Common Malignant Primary Brain Tumor
Grade 4 Astrocytoma
Can Cross Corpus Callosum
Butterfly Glioma
Pseudo-palisading Tumor Cells
Areas of Necrosis and Hemorrhage
Stain Astrocytes for Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)
Grave Prognosis
2 mins
Prolactinoma
Pituitary Adenoma
Galactorrhea
Prolactin Inhibits Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
Impotence
Amenorrhea
Bitemporal Hemianopsia
Treat with Dopamine
2 mins
Meningioma
Epidemiology
Most Common Adult Primary Brain Tumor
pathology
Benign
Originate from Arachnoid Villi
Dural Attachment
Parasagittal
Clinical Manifestations
Contralateral Leg Weakness
Seizures
Diagnosis
Psammoma Bodies
Calcifications
Increased Bone Density
3 mins
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Occurs Most Commonly in Kids
Posterior Fossa
Cerebellum
Well Circumscribed
GFAP
Rosenthal Fibers
Eosinophilic Corkscrew Fibers
1 min
Pinealoma
Pathophysiology
Melatonin
Superior Colliculi
Obstructs Cerebral Aqueduct
Signs and Symptoms
Obstructive Hydrocephalus
Vomiting
Parinaud's Syndrome
Paralysis of Upward Gaze
Setting Sun Sign
Increased Beta-hCG
Precocious Puberty
2 mins
Schwannoma
Characteristics
Acoustic Schwannoma
Cranial Nerve VIII
Cerebellopontine Angle
S100 Positive
Bilateral Schwannoma in Neurofibromatosis Type 2
Tinnitus
Cranial Nerve V
Affects Corneal Reflex
2 mins
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Assessment
Assessment
Ascending Paralysis
Muscle Weakness
Paresthesias (Pins and Needles)
Diplopia
Difficulty Speaking
Dysphagia
Labile Blood Pressure
Loss of Bowel and Bladder Control
Considerations
Aggressive Airway Management
2 mins
Parkinson's Disease Interventions
Medications
Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)
Entacapone (Comtan)
Selegiline (Eldepryl)
Amantadine (Symmetrel)
Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
Benztropine (Cogentin)
Considerations
Allow Extra Time
Ensure Patient Safety
Surgery As Last Resort
2 mins
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Assessment
Progressive Muscle Weakness
Systemic Muscle Wasting
Fasciculations
Spasticity
Fatigue
Considerations
Riluzole (Rilutek)
Stretching
Little to No Cognitive Decline
Respiratory Support
Palliative Care
2 mins
Parkinson's Disease Assessment
Assessment
Decreased Dopamine
Older Adult
Cogwheel Rigidity
Bradykinesia
Shuffling Gait
Resting Tremor
Pill-Rolling
Mask-Like Face
Cognitive Decline
2 mins
5 A's of Alzheimer's Disease
Agnosia
Anomia
Aphasia
Apraxia
Amnesia
1 min
Meniere's Disease
Mechanism
Excess Endolymph
Signs and Symptoms
Tinnitus
One-sided Sensorineural Hearing Loss
Vertigo
Nausea and Vomiting
Considerations
Meclizine (Antivert)
Low Salt Diet
Surgery
2 mins
Middle Cerebral Artery
Contralateral paralysis upper limb and face
Contralateral loss of sensation of upper limb and face
Affects Wernicke's area and Broca's area
Aphasia if Lesion in Dominant (Left) Hemisphere
Hemineglect if lesion in nondominant (right) hemisphere
1 min
Anterior Cerebral Artery
Contralateral paralysis of lower limb
Contralateral loss of sensation in lower limb
1 min
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