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Samantha Shared "Pharm 7-Drugs only" - 40 Picmonics

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Pharm 7-Drugs only

P450 Inhibitors
Quinidine
Ciprofloxacin
Isoniazid
Grapefruit Juice
Acute Alcohol Use
Erythromycin (Macrolide)
Indinavir
Cimetidine
Sulfonamides
Ketoconazole
Amiodarone
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2 mins
Ampicillin and Amoxicillin
Mechanism
Aminopenicillin
Broad Spectrum Penicillin
Indications
Gram-Positive and Some Gram-Negative Infections
Side Effects
Rash
Diarrhea
Considerations
No Effect Against Staph Aureus
Often combined with Beta Lactamase Inhibitor
Allergic Reaction
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2 mins
Aminopenicillin Mechanisms
Indications
Broader Spectrum
Drug Names
Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
Mechanism and Characteristics
Beta-Lactamase Sensitive
Combine with Clavulanic Acid
Side Effects
Hypersensitivity Reactions
Ampicillin Rash
Pseudomembranous Colitis
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2 mins
Penicillin
Gram Positive
Spirochetes
Bind PBPs
Block Transpeptidase Cross-linking of Cell Wall
Activate Autolytic Enzymes
Bactericidal
Hypersensitivity Reactions
Hemolytic Anemia
Beta-lactamase Sensitive
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2 mins
Aminopenicillin Uses
Drug Names
Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
Indications
Shigella
Haemophilus Influenzae
Salmonella
Listeria
Enterococci
Proteus Mirabilis
E. Coli
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1 min
P450 Inducer
Griseofulvin
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Rifampin
Barbiturates
Chronic Alcohol Use
St. John's Wort
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51 secs
Antipseudomonal Penicillins
Drugs
Ticarcillin
Carbenicillin
Piperacillin
Mechanism of Action
Same Mechanism as Penicillin
Indications
Extended Spectrum
Pseudomonas and Gram-Negative Rods
Considerations
Combine with Beta Lactamase Inhibitor
Clavulanic Acid
Tazobactam
Hypersensitivity Reactions
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2 mins
Aztreonam
Monobactam
Resistant to beta lactamases
Binds to penicillin binding protein (PBP)
Inhibit cell wall synthesis
No Activity on Gram-Positives or Anaerobes
Gram-Negative Rods
Non allergenic to penicillin
Synergistic with aminoglycosides
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2 mins
Imipenem
Mechanism
Resistant to Beta-Lactamases
Broad Spectrum
Indications
Anaerobes
Gram-Negative Rods
Gram-Positive Cocci
Must Administer with Cilastatin
Cilastatin is Inhibitor of Renal Dehydropeptidase I
Side Effects
Diarrhea
Skin Rash
Seizures
Considerations
Meropenem
Stable to Dehydropeptidase I
Reduced Risk of Seizures (Non-Seizure Causing)
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2 mins
Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors
Considerations
Often Combined with Penicillin Antibiotics
Drug Names
Clavulanic Acid
Sulbactam
Tazobactam
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51 secs
Vancomycin
Mechanism of Action
Inhibits Bacterial Cell Wall Synthesis
Indications
Serious Gram-Positive Infections
Side Effects
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Red Man Syndrome
Thrombophlebitis
Nursing Considerations
Culture Samples First
Infuse IV Over 60 Minutes
Take Around the Clock
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2 mins
Vancomycin Mechanism
Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal
Gram-Positive
Inhibits Cell Wall Mucopeptide
Binds to D-ala D-ala
Resistance with Change to D-ala D-lac
Staphylococcus aureus
Orally for Clostridium difficile
Enterococci
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2 mins
Vancomycin Side Effects & Toxicity
Side Effects
Thrombophlebitis
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Diffuse Flushing Called Red Man Syndrome
Prevent with Antihistamine
Prevent with Slow Infusion
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2 mins
Cephalosporins Overview
Mechanism of Action
Beta lactam drug
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
Bactericidal
Side Effects
Hypersensitivity reactions
Vitamin K Deficiency
Disulfiram like reaction with Alcohol
Increased Nephrotoxicity of Aminoglycosides
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1 min
1st Generation Cephalosporin
Drug Names
Cefazolin
Cephalexin
Indications (PEcK Mnemonic)
Proteus mirabilis
E. coli
Klebsiella
Gram-Positive Cocci
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1 min
2nd Generation Cephalosporin
Drug Names
Cefoxitin
Cefaclor
Cefuroxime
Indications (PEcK HENS Mnemonic)
Proteus mirabilis
E. coli
Klebsiella
Gram-Positive Cocci
Haemophilus influenzae
Enterobacter
Neisseria
Serratia marcescens
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2 mins
3rd Generation Cephalosporin
Drug Names
Cefotaxime
Ceftriaxone
Cefdinir
Ceftazidime
Pseudomonas
Indications
Serious Gram-Negative Bacteria Resistant to Other Beta-Lactams
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1 min
4th Generation Cephalosporin
Drug Name
Cefepime
Indications
Increased Activity Against Gram-Positive Infections and Pseudomonas
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29 secs
5th Generation Cephalosporin
Mechanism
Beta-Lactam
Indications
Resistant Bacteria
Broad Spectrum Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative
Drugs
Ceftobiprole
Has Pseudomonas Coverage
Ceftaroline
No Pseudomonas Coverage
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1 min
Sulfonamides Mechanisms
Bacteriostatic
Gram-Positive
Gram-Negative
Nocardia
Chlamydia
PABA antimetabolites
Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase
Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfisoxazole
Sulfadiazine
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1 min

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