Rylie Shared "POM unit 2- renal " - 27 Picmonics
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POM unit 2- renal
Nephritic Syndrome
- Inflammatory
- Hematuria
- RBC casts
- Increased Nitrogen in blood
- Oliguria
- Hypertension
- Proteinuria < 3.5 grams per day
2 mins
Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis
- Pathophysiology
- Nephritic
- Children
- Signs and Symptoms
- Edema
- Cola Colored Urine
- Follows Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis or Skin Infection
- Diagnosis
- Neutrophils
- Immunofluorescence (IF) Granular
- Lumpy Bumpy Appearance on Immunofluorescence (IF)
- Subepithelial Immune Complex Humps
2 mins
Nephrotic Syndrome
- Signs and Symptoms
- Massive Proteinuria > 3.5g per Day
- Edema
- Increased risk of infection
- Thromboembolism
- Hyperlipidemia
- Fatty casts
1 min
Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis
- Most Common Cause of Nephrotic Syndrome in Hispanic People and African Americans
- Associated with Sickle Cell Disease and HIV
- Associated Interferon Therapy and Heroin Abuse
- Histopathology
- LM Segmental Sclerosis and Hyalinosis
- EM Focal Damage of Visceral Epithelial Cells
- IF Negative
- Signs & Symptoms
- Microscopic Hematuria
- Nonselective Proteinuria
- Considerations
- Poor Prognosis
2 mins
Acute Tubular Necrosis
- ETIOLOGY
- Ischemic Injury
- Nephrotoxic Injury
- HISTOLOGY
- Granular Muddy Brown Casts
- Signs & Symptoms
- Intrinsic Renal Failure
- Oliguric Phase
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Hyperkalemia
- Increase in BUN and Creatinine
- Polyuria Phase
- Decrease in BUN and Creatinine
- Hypokalemia
- Treatment
- Supportive Care
3 mins
Chronic Kidney Disease Early Symptoms Assessment
- Characteristics
- GFR < 60mL/min
- Accumulation of Waste Products
- Clinical Features
- General Malaise
- Hypertension
- Proteinuria
- Hyperkalemia
- Mineral and Bone Disorders
- Neuropathy
2 mins
Chronic Kidney Disease Late Symptoms Assessment
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Severe Uremia
- Arrhythmias
- Edema
- CNS Depression
- Anemia
- Oliguria
- Pruritus
- Considerations
- End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
- GFR < 15mL/min
2 mins
Chronic Kidney Disease Interventions
- Interventions
- Daily Weights
- Strict I/O
- Renal Diet
- Strict Medication Regimen
- Erythropoietin
- Manage Hyperkalemia
- Manage CKD-MBD
- Dialysis
- Kidney Transplant
2 mins
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
- Characteristics
- Autosomal Dominant
- Mutations in PKD1/2
- Cystic Enlargement of Renal Tubules
- Clinical Features
- Chronic Kidney Disease
- Hypertension
- Mitral Valve Prolapse
- Hepatic Cysts
- Berry (Saccular) Aneurysms
3 mins
Lupus (SLE) Nephritis
- IF: Full House (C1, C3, IgGAM deposits), Hypogammaglobulinemia, Hypocomplementemia (C1, C4)
- Hypersensitivity Type III
- Proteinuria, Inc SCr
- Anti-dsDNA
- EM: Mesangial Deposits
- Class I & II: Mesangial Deposits ONLY
- Class III & IV: Capillary Wire Loops (50%) & Hyalin Thrombi
- Subendothelial Immune Complexes on EM
- Class V: Membranous Glomerulopathy
- Class VI: Chronic Sclerosing Glomerulonephritis
- Treatments
- Prednisone
- Cyclophosphamide
- Mycophenolate mofetil
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) Symptoms
- Upper Respiratory Tract
- Saddle Nose
- Perforation of Nasal Septum
- Chronic Sinusitis
- Otitis Media
- Mastoiditis
- Lower Respiratory Tract
- Cough
- Dyspnea
- Hemoptysis
- Kidney
- Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
- Hematuria
- RBC Casts
2 mins
Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) Characteristics
- Pathophysiology
- Small Vessel Vasculitis
- Necrotizing
- Lungs and Upper Airway
- Crescentic Glomerulonephritis
- DIAGNOSTICS
- c-ANCA
- X-ray
- Multiple Nodules in Lungs
- Treatment
- Cyclophosphamide
- Corticosteroids
- Rituximab
3 mins
Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss Syndrome)
- Pathophysiology
- Granulomatous Vasculitis
- Signs and Symptoms
- Sinusitis
- Skin Lesions
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Asthma
- GI Disease
- Heart Disease
- Kidney Failure
- Diagnosis
- Eosinophilia
- p-ANCA
- Treatment
- Corticosteroids
4 mins
Microscopic Polyangiitis
- Pathophysiology
- Necrotizing Small Vessel Vasculitis
- Signs and Symptoms
- Lungs, Kidneys, and Skin Commonly Affected
- Palpable Purpura
- Rapidly Progressive Cresentic Glomerulonephritis
- Diagnosis
- Lesions are Same Age
- Non-granulomatous
- Minimal Nasopharyngeal Involvement
- P-ANCA
- Treatment
- Corticosteroids
- Cyclophosphamide
2 mins
Anti-glomerular Basement Membrane Antibodies
- Glomerulonephritis
- Goodpasture's Disease
- Linear immunofluorescence
- Hemoptysis
- Hematuria
1 min
Uremia
- Results from buildup of nitrogenous waste
- Symptoms
- Nausea and Anorexia
- Platelet Dysfunction
- Encephalopathy with Asterixis
- Deposition of urea crystals in skin
Chronic renal failure causes and complications
- Complications
- CHF and Hypertension
- Renal osteodystrophy
- Normocytic Anemia
- Hemorrhagic
- Uremia
- Chronic renal failure causes
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Hypertension
- Glomerulonephritis
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Mechanism, Treatment and Complications
Goodpasture Syndrome
- Type 2 Hypersensitivity
- Pulmonary Hemorrhage -> Respiratory Failure -> Death
- anti-GBM antibodies = Ribbon-like
- Treatment
- Intubation
- Assisted Ventilation
- Hemodialysis
Dialysis
- Hemodialysis
- Rapid Shifts of Fluid and Electrolytes
- Disequilibrium Syndrome
- Hypotension
- NO BP IN ARM with Shunt or Fistula
- Assess for Thrill and Bruit
- Peritoneal Dialysis
- Slow Process
- Peritonitis
- Loss of Protein
- Hyperglycemia
3 mins
Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury Diagnosis and Management
- Diagnostic Findings
- BUN:Creatinine Ratio > 20:1
- Fractional Excretion of Sodium (FENa) < 1%
- Urine Osmolality > 500 mOsm/kg
- Hyaline Casts
- Management
- Fluid Replacement
- Monitor Renal Function
- Diuretics
2 mins
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