Jamie Shared "Patho" - 17 Picmonics
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Patho
How to Interpret Acid Base Disorders
- pH, pCO₂, HCO₃ (Bicarbonate)
- Step 1
- pH
- Acidosis
- Alkalosis
- Step 2
- pCO₂
- Opposite Direction as pH
- Respiratory Acidosis
- Respiratory Alkalosis
- Step 3
- HCO₃ (Bicarbonate)
- Same Direction as pH
- Metabolic Acidosis
- Metabolic Alkalosis
3 mins
Parkinson's Disease Assessment
- Assessment
- Decreased Dopamine
- Older Adult
- Cogwheel Rigidity
- Bradykinesia
- Shuffling Gait
- Resting Tremor
- Pill-Rolling
- Mask-Like Face
- Cognitive Decline
2 mins
Alzheimer's Disease Assessment (Early Symptoms)
- Risk Factors
- Advanced Age
- Early Signs and Symptoms
- Poor Judgment and Decision-Making
- Difficulty Having a Conversation
- Inability to Manage a Budget
- Losing Track of the Date or Season
- Misplacing Things
1 min
5 A's of Alzheimer's Disease
- Agnosia
- Anomia
- Aphasia
- Apraxia
- Amnesia
1 min
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
- Assessment
- Progressive Muscle Weakness
- Systemic Muscle Wasting
- Fasciculations
- Spasticity
- Fatigue
- Considerations
- Riluzole (Rilutek)
- Stretching
- Little to No Cognitive Decline
- Respiratory Support
- Palliative Care
2 mins
Huntington's Disease Assessment and Interventions
- Assessment
- Decreased GABA
- Appears around Age 40
- Slow Cognitive Decline
- Choreiform Movements
- Non Repetitive Jerks
- Interventions
- Neuroleptics
- Tetrabenazine
- Genetic Counseling
- Considerations
- Stages of Disease
- High Calorie Diet
2 mins
Gout Disease
- Acute Inflammatory Monoarthritis
- Epidemiology
- Primarily in Males
- Pathophysiology
- Precipitation of Monosodium Urate Crystals
- Underexcretion of Uric Acid
- Overproduction of Uric Acid
- Negatively Birefringent, Needle-Shaped
- Symptoms
- Swollen, Red, Painful Joint
- Asymmetric Joint Distribution
- Podagra
- Tophus
- After Large Meal or Alcohol
2 mins
Clostridium tetani
- Characteristics
- Gram-Positive
- Bacilli
- Obligate Anaerobic
- Exotoxin
- Spore-Forming
- Renshaw Cells in the Spinal Cord
- Blocks Glycine and GABA Release
- Signs and Symptoms
- Spasms
- Risus Sardonicus
- Lockjaw
- Opisthotonus
3 mins
Clostridium botulinum
- Characteristics
- Bacillus
- Gram-positive
- Anaerobe
- Spore-forming
- Heat Labile Toxin
- Inhibits Acetylcholine (Ach) Release at Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ)
- Canned Food in Adults
- Spores in Honey
- Signs and Symptoms
- Descending Flaccid Paralysis
- Diplopia
- Ptosis
- Floppy Baby
- Constipation
2 mins
Guillain-Barre Syndrome Assessment
- Assessment
- Ascending Paralysis
- Muscle Weakness
- Paresthesias (Pins and Needles)
- Diplopia
- Difficulty Speaking
- Dysphagia
- Labile Blood Pressure
- Loss of Bowel and Bladder Control
- Considerations
- Aggressive Airway Management
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Assessment
- Mechanism
- Multisystem Inflammatory Disorder
- Assessment
- Malar Rash
- Discoid Rash
- Arrhythmias
- Arthritis
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Seizures
- Glomerulonephritis
- Considerations
- Periods of Exacerbation and Remission
- Diagnosed by ANA (Anti-nuclear antibody assay)
2 mins
Types of Wound Healing
- Types of Wounds
- Acute
- Chronic
- Healing Process
- Primary Intention
- Approximated Edges
- Secondary Intention
- Edges Not Approximated
- Tertiary Intention
- Delayed Closure due to Infection and Necrosis
2 mins
Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessment
- Mechanism
- Destruction of Connective Tissue and Synovial Membrane
- Signs and Symptoms
- Inflammation of Joints
- Morning Stiffness
- Nodules
- Joint Deformities
1 min
Pain Assessment
- Types of Pain
- Acute Pain
- Chronic Pain
- OPQRST Mnemonic
- Onset
- Provoking or Palliative
- Quality
- Radiation
- Severity
- Timing
- Nursing Considerations
- Subjective Findings
- Objective Findings
- Reassessment of Pain
2 mins
Multiple Sclerosis Assessment
- Cause/Mechanism
- Nerve Fiber Demyelination
- Assessment
- Motor Issues
- Cerebellar Signs
- Fatigue
- Paresthesias
- Spasticity
- Urinary Incontinence
- Optic Neuritis
- Considerations
- Women Between 20-50 Years Old
- Relapse and Remission of Symptoms
2 mins
Myasthenia Gravis Assessment
- Weakness with Muscle Use
- Diplopia
- Ptosis
- Dysphagia
- Difficulty Speaking
- Fatigue
- Complications
- Cholinergic Crisis
- Overmedicated
- Myasthenic Crisis
- Not Enough Medication
- Respiratory Muscle Paralysis
2 mins
Inflammatory Response
- Pathogens Infect Tissue
- Mast Cells Release Histamine
- Histamine Dilates and Increases Capillary Permeability
- Macrophages Engulf Pathogens
- Macrophage Signals Cells With Cytokines
- Responding Neutrophils Cross Capillary Wall
- B And T Lymphocytes Arrive At Injury Site
2 mins
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