Lindsey Shared "NUR114 Unit 1" - 29 Picmonics
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NUR114 Unit 1
Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
- Mechanism
- Nutrition Given Outside GI
- Side Effects
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperlipidemia
- Refeeding Syndrome
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Considerations
- Slow IV Infusion
- Use Large Central Vein
- No Added Meds to TPN Line
2 mins
Bulimia Nervosa Assessment
- Assessment
- Normal Body Weight
- Binge and Purge
- Electrolyte Disturbances
- Alkalosis
- Hypokalemia
- Parotitis
- Enamel Erosion
- Russell's Sign
- Diagnosis
- Once Weekly For 3 Months
2 mins
Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa Interventions
- Interventions
- Build Trust
- Plan Caloric Intake
- Supervise Meals
- Supervise Elimination
- Encourage Liquids
- Daily Weights
- Use Matter-of-Fact Statements
- Give Feelings of Control
- Considerations
- Tube Feedings If Further Weight Loss
2 mins
Anorexia Nervosa Assessment
- Adolescent Girls
- Fear of Gaining Weight
- Assessment
- Excessive Dieting
- Distorted Body Image
- Decreased Bone Density
- Stress Fractures
- Lanugo
- Amenorrhea
- Anemia
- Diagnostic Criteria
- BMI < 18.5
3 mins
Refeeding Syndrome
- Seen in anorexia nervosa
- Due to increase in insulin
- Hypophosphatemia (#1 problem)
- Hypokalemia
- Hypomagnesemia
- Arrhythmia
- CHF
- Respiratory distress
- Prevent by repleting electrolytes
Peptic Ulcer Disease Assessment
- Mechanism/Cause
- Helicobacter Pylori
- NSAIDs
- Increased Stomach Acid
- Assessment
- Abdominal Pain
- Heartburn (Pyrosis)
- Melena
- Weight Changes
- GI Distress
- Considerations
- Most Commonly in Duodenum
- Duodenal: Pain Relieved by Eating
- Gastric: Pain Caused by Eating
2 mins
Colorectal Cancer Assessment
- 3rd Most Common Cancer
- Assessment
- Change in Bowel Habits
- Bowel Obstruction
- Rectal Bleeding
- Anemia
- Weight Loss
- Ascites
- Considerations
- Colonoscopy
- FOBT and FIT
2 mins
Colorectal Cancer Interventions
- Interventions
- Surgical Colon Resection
- Radiation
- Chemotherapy
- Considerations
- Bowel Cleansing
- Screening
- Colostomy
- Dietary Consult
- Body Image
3 mins
Crohn's Disease Assessment
- Diarrhea
- 5-6 per day
- Cramping Abdominal Pain
- Fever
- Weight Loss
- Malabsorption
- Anemia
- Complications
- Obstruction
- Fistulas
2 mins
Cholecystitis Causes
- Gallbladder Inflammation
- 6 Fs
- Female
- Fair (Caucasian)
- Fat (Obese)
- Fertile (Pregnant)
- Forty (Advanced Age Over 40)
- Flatulence
2 mins
Cholecystitis Interventions
- Supportive Therapy
- Antibiotics
- Low Fat Diet
- NG Tube
- Analgesics
- Lithotripsy
- Cholecystectomy
- T Tube
2 mins
Cholecystitis Assessment
- RUQ Pain
- Referred Shoulder Pain
- Clay Colored Stools
- Jaundice
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
- Fever
- Considerations
- Increased WBCs
- Fatty or Spicy Foods
- Ultrasound
2 mins
Gallstones, Cholecystitis, and Cholangitis
- Gallstones (cholelithiasis)
- Increased cholesterol and/or Increased bilirubin
- Decreased bile salts could cause stones
- Risk factors: Fat, Female, Fertile, Forty
- Estrogen: Induces cholesterol secretion
- Progesterone: Gallbladder hypomotility
- Cholesterol stones: Radiolucent
- Pigment stones: Radiopaque = Calcium bilirubinate or Hemolysis
- Pigment stone: Radiolucent (Brown) = Infection
- Biliary colic: Neurohormonal activation by CCK
- Painless in diabetes
- Cholesterol stones seen in: Obesity, Crohn's Advanced Age, Estrogen Therapy, Multiparity, Rapid Weight Loss, Native American
- Pigment stones caused by: Crohn's, Chronic hemolysis, Alcoholic cirrhosis, Advanced age, Biliary infections, TPN
- Cholecystitis
- Acute or chronic inflammation of gallbladder usually from cholelithiasis (stone at neck of gallbladder
- Gallbladder wall thickening (yellow arrows)
- Commonly block the cystic duct
- Can be caused by primary CMV infection
- Positive Murphy Sign (inspiratory arrest on RUQ palpation due to pain
- Diagnose with Ultrasound or Cholescintigraphy (HIDA - Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid scan)
- Cholecystitis can lead to porcelain gallbladder -> usually found on imaging -> must remove due to high rate of gallbladder cancer
- Cholangitis
- Cholangitis is infection of the biliary tract
- Charcot triad of cholangitis: Jaundice, Fever, RUQ pain
- Increased ALP
- Tx: ERCP
Term Recall: Cholelithiasis, Cholecystitis, Cholangitis, Choledocholithiasis, Cholangiocarcinoma
- Biliary Tract Pathologies: Terms
- Cholelithiasis
- Cholecystitis
- Cholangitis
- Choledocholithiasis
- Cholangiocarcinoma
Ulcerative Colitis Assessment
- Assessment
- Cramping Abdominal Pain
- Tenesmus
- Bloody Diarrhea
- Up to 10-20 / Day
- Fever
- Complications
- Hemorrhage
1 min
Ulcerative Colitis Treatment
- Distal Colitis
- Topical Mesalamine & Corticosteroids
- Moderate Colitis (Above Sigmoid)
- Oral Steroids, mesalamine/sulfasalazine, Inflixamab
- Severe Colitis
- IV Steroids, Cyclosporine & Consider Surgery
- Fulminant Colitis (rapid progression)
- Broad-spectrum Antibiotic
Peptic Ulcer Disease Interventions
- Combination Drug Therapy
- Two Antibiotics
- Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
- Decrease Acid Secretion
- Avoid NSAIDs
- Diet and Lifestyle Changes
1 min
Ulcerative Colitis & Crohn’s Disease
- 5-aminosalicylic (5-ASA) compounds
- Sulfasalazine
- Mesalamine
- Olsalazine
- Corticosteroids
- Corticosteroids
- Prednisone (Glucocorticoids) - oral
- Methylprednisone (Solu-medrol) - parenteral
- Hydrocortisone - parenteral/topical
- Immunosuppressants (Crohn's Disease)
- Azathioprine (Imuran)
- Prodrug of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP)
- Methotrexate
- Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) Overview
- Antibodies (biologics)
- Infliximab
- Etanercept
- Adalimumab
- Certolizumab
Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis Assessment
- Diverticulosis
- Outpouching
- Diverticulitis
- Inflamed Diverticula
- Assessment
- Abdominal Pain
- Abdominal Distention
- Flatulence
- Fever
- Rectal Bleeding
- Alternating Constipation and Diarrhea
- Considerations
- Peritonitis
2 mins
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
- "-prazole" Suffix
- Indications
- Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
- Gastritis
- Peptic Ulcer
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Mechanism
- Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
- Side Effects
- Hip fracture
- Pneumonia
2 mins
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