Michael Shared "Cardio Physiology" - 25 Picmonics
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Cardio Physiology
Aortic Regurgitation
- Auscultation
- Diastolic Murmur
- Immediate High-pitched
- Blowing Murmur
- Clinical Findings
- Wide Pulse Pressure
- Water Hammer Pulse
- Head Bobbing
- Pulsating Nail Bed
- Considerations
- Can Cause Austin Flint Murmur
1 min
Aortic Stenosis
- Characteristics
- Age-related Calcifications
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve
- Crescendo-decrescendo Murmur
- Systolic Murmur
- Ejection Murmur
- Ejection Click
- Radiates to Carotids and Apex
- Pulsus Parvus et Tardus
- Syncope
- Helmet Cells
2 mins
Atrioventricular Block Types
- First Degree
- First Degree
- PR Interval > 200ms
- No Treatment Needed
- Second Degree
- Second Degree
- Mobitz I (Wenckebach)
- Progressive PR Interval Lengthening with Nonconducted QRS Complex
- Mobitz II
- Constant PR Interval with Nonconducted QRS Complex
- Third Degree
- Third Degree
- Atrioventricular Dissociation
3 mins
Brugada Syndrome
- Defective Myocardial Sodium Channels
- Predominance in Asian Males
- Autosomal Dominant
- Pseudo-Right Bundle Branch Block Pattern
- Persistent ST Elevations in Leads V1-V2
- Risk of VTACH and Sudden Cardiac Death
- Syncope
- Management
- ICD
- Antiarrhythmics
3 mins
Cardiac Cycle - Diastole
- Characteristics
- Aortic Valve Closes
- Pulmonary Valve Closes
- Ventricles Relax
- Mitral Valve Opens
- Tricuspid Valve Opens
- Ventricles Fill
- Sinoatrial (SA) Node Fires
- Atrial Contraction
3 mins
Cardiac Cycle - Systole
- Characteristics
- AV Node
- AV Node Conducts Signal to Bundle of His
- Bundle of His Signals Purkinje Fibers to Contract Ventricles
- Tricuspid Valve Closes
- Pulmonary Valve Opens
- Mitral Valve Closes
- Aortic Valve Opens
2 mins
Cardiac Pacemaker Action Potential
- Phase 0
- Depolarization
- Rapid Influx of Calcium
- Phase 3
- Repolarization
- Potassium Efflux
- Phase 4
- Depolarization
- Slow Influx of Sodium
2 mins
ECG Interpretation
- Rate
- Rhythm
- P Waves
- Upright, Rounded, Before Every QRS
- PR Interval (< 0.20 seconds)
- Normal QRS (< 0.12 seconds)
2 mins
ECG: Atrial Fibrillation
- Rate
- Variable Rate
- Rhythm
- Irregular Rhythm
- P Wave
- No P Wave
- PR Interval
- No PR Interval
- QRS Interval
- QRS < 0.12 Seconds
1 min
ECG: Atrial Flutter
- Rate
- Variable
- Rhythm
- Regular or Irregular
- P Wave
- Saw Tooth, Multiple Before Every QRS
- PR Interval
- Non-measurable
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
2 mins
ECG: Sinus Bradycardia
- Rate
- < 60 bpm
- Rhythm
- Regular
- P Wave
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- PR Interval
- < 0.20 seconds
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
- Treatment
- Atropine
1 min
ECG: Sinus Tachycardia
- Rate
- > 100 bpm
- Rhythm
- Regular
- P Wave
- Present, Upright, Every QRS
- PR Interval
- < 0.20 seconds
- QRS Interval
- < 0.12 seconds
- Treatment
- Treat Underlying Cause
2 mins
Mitral Regurgitation
- Characteristics
- Holosystolic
- Blowing Murmur
- Loudest at Apex
- Radiates toward Axilla
- Louder by Squatting
- Hand Grip
- Expiration
1 min
Mitral Stenosis
- Characteristics
- Murmur Follows Opening Snap
- Late Diastolic Murmur
- Enhanced by Expiration
- Low-Pitched Rumbling
- Dilation of Left Atrium (LA)
- Recurrent Attacks of Rheumatic Fever
2 mins
Myocardium Action Potential
- Phase 0
- Rapid Depolarization
- Influx of Sodium
- Phase 1
- Early Repolarization
- Efflux of Potassium
- Phase 2
- Plateau
- Influx of Calcium
- Phase 3
- Rapid Repolarization
- Massive Potassium Efflux
- Phase 4
- Resting Phase
2 mins
Parts of an ECG
- PQRST
- P Wave
- Atrial Depolarization
- QRS Complex
- Ventricular Depolarization
- T Wave
- Ventricular Repolarization
2 mins
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Continuous
- Machine like murmur
- Often Due to Congenital Rubella
- Prematurity
1 min
Torsades de Pointes
- Characteristics
- Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia
- Prolonged QT Interval
- QRS Twist Around Isoelectric Line
- Causes
- Congenital
- Antibiotics
- Antiarrhythmics
- Antipsychotics
- Antidepressants
- Electrolyte Deficiencies
- Complications
- Ventricular Fibrillation
- Treatment
- Stable: Magnesium Sulfate
- Unstable: Defibrillation
3 mins
Tricuspid Regurgitation
- Holosystolic
- Blowing Murmur
- Radiates to Right Sternal Border
- Enhanced by Inspiration
1 min
Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
- WPW Pattern vs. WPW Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Ventricular Pre-excitation Syndrome
- Accessory Conduction Pathway
- Signs & Symptoms
- Supraventricular Tachycardia
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Diagnosis
- Shortened PR Interval
- Delta Wave
- Widened QRS
- Treatment
- No Treatment if Asymptomatic
- Treat Arrhythmia
3 mins
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