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Katy Shared "241 test 2" - 19 Picmonics

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241 test 2

Liver Enzyme Tests: AST and ALT
AST/ALT Ratio
AST: 8-20 U/L
ALT: 8-20 U/L
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1 min
Hyperbilirubinemia
Cause/Mechanism
Increased Unconjugated Bilirubin
Assessment
Jaundice
Kernicterus
Interventions
Early Feedings
Heme Oxygenase Inhibitors
Phototherapy
Protect Eyes
Monitor for Dehydration
Considerations
Monitor Bilirubin Levels
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3 mins
Bilirubin Lab Value
0.2-1.2 mg/dL
Increased Bilirubin Causes Jaundice
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54 secs
Hepatitis A (HAV) Assessment
Transmission
Fecal-Oral
Ingestion of Contaminated Food or Water
Incubation
4 Weeks
Assessment
Fever
General Malaise
Hepatomegaly
Considerations
Self-Limiting
Proper Hand Washing
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2 mins
Liver Biopsy Procedure
Indications
Diagnosis of Liver Disease
Types of Liver Biopsy
Incisional (Open Method)
Needle Biopsy (Closed Method)
Considerations
Coagulation Status
Type and Crossmatch Blood
Right-Side Lying
Post-Biopsy Monitoring
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2 mins
Cirrhosis Assessment
Mechanism
Degeneration and Destruction of Liver Cells
Signs and Symptoms
Jaundice
Fatigue
Palmar Erythema
Spider Angiomas
Hepatosplenomegaly
Edema
Gynecomastia
Change in LOC
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2 mins
Cirrhosis Interventions
Interventions
Maintain Nutrition
Paracentesis
Esophageal and Gastric Varices
Drug Therapy
Endoscopic Band Ligation or Sclerotherapy
Balloon Tamponade
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS)
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Lactulose
Antibiotics
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2 mins
Complications of Cirrhosis
Portal Hypertension
Ascites
Esophageal Varices
Coagulation Defects
Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy
Hepatorenal Syndrome
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1 min
Hepatitis B (HBV) Assessment
Transmission
Bodily Fluids
Blood Transmission
People Who Use IV Drugs
Incubation
Variable 1-6 Months
Assessment
Fever
Nausea and Vomiting
Hepatomegaly
Chronic Disease
Cirrhosis
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Considerations
Vaccination
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2 mins
Hepatitis C (HCV) Assessment
Transmission
Blood Transmission
High Risk Sex (rare)
IV Drug Users
Incubation
7 Weeks
Chronic Disease
Cirrhosis
Considerations
Barrier Protection
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2 mins
Acute Pancreatitis Assessment
Mechanism
Heavy Alcohol Use and Gallstones
Signs and Symptoms
Abdominal Pain
Nausea/Vomiting/Anorexia
Abdominal Rigidity/Guarding
Decreased or Absent Bowel Sounds
Hypotension and Tachycardia
Jaundice
Increased White Blood Cells
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2 mins
Acute Pancreatitis Interventions
NPO with NG Tube to Suction
Pain Management
Albumin
Lactated Ringers Solution
Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
Antibiotics
Surgery
Nutrition
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2 mins
Albumin Lab Value
3.5 - 5.5 g/dL
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49 secs
Total Protein Lab Values
6.4 - 8.3 g/dL
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1 min
PT/PTT Lab Values
Prothrombin Time (PT)
10-14 seconds
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT or aPTT)
25-35 seconds
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1 min
INR Lab Value
0.8-1.2 Normal Range
Warfarin
2.0-3.0
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1 min
Cholesterol Lab Values
LDL (Low Density Cholesterol)
< 100 mg/dL
HDL (High Density Cholesterol)
> 40 mg/dL Males
> 50 mg/dL Females
Total Cholesterol
< 200 mg/dL
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1 min
Triglycerides Lab Value
< 150 mg/dL
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51 secs
Sepsis Assessment
Signs and Symptoms
Systemic Infectious Process
Fever
Hypotension
Change in LOC
Increased WBC
Shift to the Left
Tachycardia
Tachypnea
Hyperglycemia
Edema
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2 mins

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