Michael Shared "GI system: Upper/lower GI, liver, GB, pancreas" - 55 Picmonics
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GI system: Upper/lower GI, liver, GB, pancreas
Foregut Structures, Blood Supply and Innervation
- Structures
- Esophagus
- Lower Respiratory Tract
- Stomach
- Proximal Duodenum
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
- Spleen
- Vascular Supply
- Celiac Artery
- Innervation
- Vagus Nerve
2 mins
Midgut Structures, Blood Supply and Innervation
- Structures
- Distal Duodenum
- Jejunum
- Ileum
- Appendix
- Ascending Colon
- Proximal 2/3 of Transverse Colon
- Vascular Supply
- Superior Mesenteric Artery
- Innervation
- Vagus Nerve
- Lesser Splanchnic Nerve
2 mins
Hindgut Structures, Blood Supply and Innervation
- Structures
- Distal 1/3 of Transverse Colon
- Descending Colon
- Sigmoid Colon
- Rectum
- Pectinate (Dentate) Line
- Urogenital Sinus
- Vascular Supply
- Inferior Mesenteric Artery
- Innervation
- Lumbar Splanchnic Nerves
- Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves
2 mins
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
- Secreted by I Cells
- Duodenum and Jejunum
- Physiology
- Increase Pancreatic Secretions
- Increase Gallbladder Contraction
- Induce Relaxation of Sphincter of Oddi
- Decrease Gastric Emptying
- Regulation
- Increased by Fatty Acids and Amino Acids
1 min
Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Characteristics and Presentation
- Characteristics
- Most Common Esophageal Cancer in USA
- Lower 1/3 of Esophagus
- Risk Factors
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Barrett's Esophagus
- Achalasia
- Obesity
- Smoking
- Presentation
- Weight Loss
- Progressive Dysphagia
- Anemia
2 mins
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Assessment
- Pathophysiology
- Relaxed Lower Esophageal Sphincter
- Signs and Symptoms
- Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
- Belching
- Nighttime Coughing
- Dysphagia
- Epigastric Pain
- Regurgitation
- Heartburn (Pyrosis)
- Globus
2 mins
Barrett's Esophagus
- Histological findings
- Metaplasia in Lower Esophagus
- Columnar Epithelium
- Associated Pathologies
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Esophagitis
- Esophageal Ulcers
- Increased Risk of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma
1 min
Mallory-Weiss
- Characteristics
- Bleeding From Tears in Mucosa
- Forceful Vomiting
- Alcoholism
- Eating Disorders (Bulimia)
- Painful Hematemesis
- Diagnosis
- Endoscopy
- Management
- Observation
2 mins
Boerhaave Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Esophageal Rupture
- Increased Esophageal Pressure while Vomiting
- Lower 1/3 of Esophagus
- Signs and Symptoms
- Chest Pain
- Odynophagia
- Subcutaneous Emphysema
- Management
- Shock
- Surgical Emergency
2 mins
Tracheoesophageal Fistula (TEF)
- Cause
- Esophageal Atresia
- Ends in Blind Pouch
- Assessment
- Coughing
- Choking
- Cyanosis
- Drooling
- Considerations
- NPO
- Surgical Emergency
- Aspiration Pneumonia
2 mins
Achalasia
- Pathophysiology
- Failure to Relax Lower Esophageal Sphincter
- Malignancies
- Chagas Disease
- Loss of Auerbach Plexus
- Symptoms
- Dysphagia to Solids & Liquids
- Diagnosis
- Barium Swallow
- Bird's Beak Appearance
- Manometry
- Risk Factors
- Increased Risk Squamous Cell Carcinoma
2 mins
Zenker Diverticulum
- Pathophysiology
- False Diverticulum
- Junction of Pharynx and Esophagus
- Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor
- Symptoms
- Dysphagia
- Regurgitation of Undigested Food
- Halitosis
- Diagnosis
- Barium Swallow
- Treatment
- Surgical Repair
2 mins
Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
- Triad of Symptoms
- Dysphagia
- Esophageal Webs
- Glossitis
- Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Association
- Squamous Cell Cancer of Esophagus
1 min
Esophageal Perforation
- Etiologies
- Iatrogenic
- Inflammation
- Trauma
- Boerhaave Syndrome
- Presentation
- Retrosternal Pain
- Subcutaneous Emphysema
- Pneumomediastinum
- Diagnostic Workup
- Chest X-Ray
- Esophagram
- Computed Tomography
- Management
- ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation)
- Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics
- Surgical Repair
4 mins
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Risk Factors and Presentation
- Characteristics
- Most Common Esophageal Cancer Worldwide
- Upper 2/3 of Esophagus
- RISK FACTORS
- Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
- Alcohol
- Smoking
- Poor Diet
- Achalasia
- Clinical Features
- Progressive Dysphagia
- Weight Loss
- Anemia
1 min
Eosinophilic Esophagitis
- Characteristics
- History of Atopic Disease
- Symptoms
- Dysphagia
- Diagnosis
- Endoscopy with Biopsy
- Eosinophilic Infiltrate
- Unresponsive to GERD Therapy
- Interventions
- Elimination Diet
- Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
- Topical Glucocorticoids
2 mins
Esophageal Varices
- Pathophysiology
- Cirrhosis
- Portal Hypertension
- Left Gastric Vein and Esophageal Veins
- Clinical Features
- Hematemesis
- Melena
- Hypotension
- Acute Management
- IV Fluids
- Antibiotics
- Octreotide
- Endoscopic Band Ligation or Sclerotherapy
- Balloon Tamponade
- Prophylaxis
- Nonselective Beta Blockers
- Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS)
3 mins
Peptic Ulcer Disease Interventions
- Combination Drug Therapy
- Two Antibiotics
- Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
- Decrease Acid Secretion
- Avoid NSAIDs
- Diet and Lifestyle Changes
1 min
Peptic Ulcer Disease Assessment
- Mechanism/Cause
- Helicobacter Pylori
- NSAIDs
- Increased Stomach Acid
- Assessment
- Abdominal Pain
- Heartburn (Pyrosis)
- Melena
- Weight Changes
- GI Distress
- Considerations
- Most Commonly in Duodenum
- Duodenal: Pain Relieved by Eating
- Gastric: Pain Caused by Eating
2 mins
Gastroenteritis
- Cause/Mechanism
- Viruses
- Bacteria
- Food Intolerances
- Assessment
- Flu-Like Symptoms
- GI Distress
- Bloody Stool
- Interventions
- Oral Rehydration
- Considerations
- Self-Limiting
- Prevention
2 mins
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