Marc Shared "Gastro Internal" - 43 Picmonics
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Gastro Internal
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Assessment
- Abdominal Pain
- Relieved by Defecation
- Alternating Diarrhea and Constipation
- Fatigue
- Excessive Flatulence
- Sensation of Incomplete Evacuation
- Considerations
- Stressors
- Food Intolerances
- More Common in Women
- Rule Out Other Disorders
2 mins
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Interventions
- Interventions
- Identify Triggers
- Increase Fiber Intake
- Probiotics
- Anticholinergics
- Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
- Loperamide
- Linaclotide
- Medications for Women
- Tegaserod (Zelnorm)
- Lubiprostone (Amitiza)
- Alosetron (Lotronex)
2 mins
Acute Pancreatitis Assessment
- Mechanism
- Heavy Alcohol Use and Gallstones
- Signs and Symptoms
- Abdominal Pain
- Nausea/Vomiting/Anorexia
- Abdominal Rigidity/Guarding
- Decreased or Absent Bowel Sounds
- Hypotension and Tachycardia
- Jaundice
- Increased White Blood Cells
2 mins
Acute Pancreatitis Causes
- "GET SMASHHED" Mnemonic
- Gallstones
- (Ethanol) Alcohol
- Trauma
- Steroids
- Mumps
- Autoimmune
- Scorpion Sting
- Hypercalcemia
- Hypertriglyceridemia > 1000
- ERCP
- Drugs
1 min
Acute Pancreatitis Interventions
- NPO with NG Tube to Suction
- Pain Management
- Albumin
- Lactated Ringers Solution
- Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
- Antibiotics
- Surgery
- Nutrition
2 mins
Acute Pancreatitis Disease
- Autodigestion of Pancreas by Pancreatic Enzymes
- Symptoms
- Epigastric Abdominal Pain Radiating to Back
- Anorexia
- Nausea
- Labs
- Increased Amylase and Lipase
- Complications
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
- Infection
- Hypocalcemia
- Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS)
- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
- Pancreatic Pseudocyst
- Hemorrhage
3 mins
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Diagnosis and Treatment
- Diagnosis
- CA 19-9
- Liver Function Tests for Cholestasis
- Serum Lipase
- Ultrasound if Cholestasis Suspected
- CT Abdomen
- FNA Biopsy if Diagnosis or Resectability Uncertain
- Treatment
- Whipple if Resectable
- Palliative Care if Not Resectable
4 mins
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Symptoms and Risk Factors
- Common Signs and Symptoms
- Abdominal Pain
- Anorexia and Weight Loss
- Migratory Superficial Thrombophlebitis
- New-Onset Diabetes
- Signs/Symptoms Specific to Tumors in the Pancreatic Head
- Jaundice
- Steatorrhea
- White Stool
- Palpable but Non-tender Gall Bladder
- Risk Factors
- Elderly
- Chronic Pancreatitis
- Smoking
- Alcoholism
- Diabetes
5 mins
Necrotizing Enterocolitis Diagnosis and Management
- Diagnosis
- Complete Blood Count (CBC)
- Blood Cultures
- Pneumatosis Intestinalis
- Increased Bowel Wall Thickness
- Management
- NPO with NG Tube to Suction
- Broad Spectrum Antibiotics
- Surgery
2 mins
Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome
- Characteristics
- Autosomal Dominant
- Children < 5 Years Old
- Clinical Findings
- Hamartomatous Polyps in Gastrointestinal Tract
- GI Distress
- Anemia
- Considerations
- Increased Risk of Colorectal Carcinoma
2 mins
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Mutation in Chromosome 5
- APC Gene Mutation
- Overexpression of Beta-catenin
- Two-Hit Hypothesis
- Clinical Findings
- Change in Bowel Habits
- Colonic Polyps
- Screening
- Colonoscopy
- Management
- Prophylactic Surgery
- Considerations
- Progresses to Colorectal Carcinoma
3 mins
Volvulus Characteristics and Presentation
- Characteristics
- Bowel Torsion
- Bowel Infarction
- Sigmoid Colon and Cecum
- Clinical Features
- Small Bowel Obstruction
- Abdominal Pain
- Unstable Vital Signs
- Peritonitis
2 mins
Volvulus Diagnosis and Management
- Diagnosis
- Abdominal X-ray
- Coffee Bean Sign
- Kidney Bean Sign
- Abdominal CT Scan
- Whirl Sign
- Barium Enema
- Bird's Beak Sign
- Management
- Fluid Resuscitation
- Surgery
- Consider Antibiotics
3 mins
Necrotizing Enterocolitis Characteristics and Clinical Features
- Characteristics
- Bowel Wall Inflammation
- Prematurity
- Early Clinical Features
- Failure to Thrive
- Vomiting
- Rectal Bleeding
- Late Clinical Features
- GI Perforation
- Peritonitis
- Sepsis and Shock
2 mins
Crohn's Disease Assessment
- Diarrhea
- 5-6 per day
- Cramping Abdominal Pain
- Fever
- Weight Loss
- Malabsorption
- Anemia
- Complications
- Obstruction
- Fistulas
2 mins
Crohn's Disease Characteristics
- Terminal Ileum and Colon
- Rectal Sparing
- Transmural Inflammation
- Granulomas
- Skip Lesions
- Cobblestone Mucosa
- Fissures
- Fistulas
- Perianal Disease
- Creeping Fat
- Lymphoid Aggregates
- String Sign on Barium Swallow
2 mins
Crohn's Symptoms and Associations
- Diarrhea
- Malabsorption
- Bile-Wasting
- Pigment Gallstones
- Oxalate Kidney Stones
- Ankylosing Spondylitis
- Erythema Nodosum
- Uveitis
- Migratory Polyarthritis
2 mins
Insulinoma
- Characteristics
- Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor
- Benign
- Associated with MEN-1
- Clinical Features
- Whipple Triad
- Symptoms of Hypoglycemia
- Hypoglycemia During Episode
- Relief with Glucose
- Diagnosis
- Increased C-peptide
- Management
- Surgery
- Octreotide
- Diazoxide
2 mins
MEN 1 (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia)
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Menin Mutation (Tumor Suppression Gene)
- Chromosome 11
- Signs and Symptoms
- Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors
- Pituitary Tumors
- Parathyroid Adenomas
2 mins
MEN 2A (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia)
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- RET Gene
- Signs and Symptoms
- Medullary Thyroid carcinoma
- Calcitonin
- Parathyroid
- Pheochromocytoma
45 secs
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