Qadus Shared "IM" - 161 Picmonics
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IM
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Signs and Symptoms
- Kussmaul respirations
- Dehydration
- Abdominal Pain
- Nausea/vomiting
- Psychosis
- Fruity breath Odor
1 min
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Treatment
- Initial Management
- IV Normal Saline
- Regular Insulin Drip
- Subsequent Management (correction of electrolytes)
- Potassium (K+)
- Glucose
- Treat Underlying Cause
- Monitoring
- Venous pH
- Serum Bicarbonate (HCO3)
1 min
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Diagnosis and Labs
- Diagnosis
- Blood glucose Increased > 250 mg/dL
- Anion gap metabolic acidosis
- Decreased pH < 7.3
- Decreased serum bicarbonate < 18
- Plasma ketones
- Other Labs
- Hyperkalemia
1 min
Diabetes Assessment
- Assessment Type 1
- Juvenile Onset
- Absent Insulin Production
- Ketosis Prone
- Assessment Type 2
- Adult Onset
- Insulin Resistance
- Obesity
- Gestational Diabetes
- Onset During Pregnancy
- Glucose Intolerance
- Complications
- Retinopathy
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Nephropathy
- Neuropathy
2 mins
Hyperglycemia
- Mechanism
- Insulin Resistance
- Too Little Insulin/Medication
- Infection/Illness
- Corticosteroids
- Assessment
- Elevated Blood Glucose
- Polyphagia
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria
- Hypotension
- Fatigue/Drowsiness
1 min
Diabetes Interventions
- Early Diagnosis
- Insulin
- Oral Hypoglycemics
- Glucose Monitoring
- Routine Exercise
- Diabetic Diet
- Monitor for Complications
- Insulin Therapy
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
2 mins
Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
- Pathophysiology
- Increased Anion Gap
- MUDPILES
- Methanol
- Uremia
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
- Propylene Glycol
- Isoniazid or Iron
- Lactic Acid
- Ethylene Glycol
- Salicylates
1 min
Diabetes Insipidus Assessment
- Polyuria
- Nocturia
- Low Specific Gravity (USG)
- Polydipsia
- Dehydration
- Hypotension
- Tachycardia
- Confusion
2 mins
Diabetes Education
- Self-Monitoring (Blood Glucose)
- SubQ Injection Technique
- Lifestyle Changes
- Symptoms of Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia
- Sick Day Care
- Foot Care
- Exercise Therapy
- Medication
1 min
Metformin (Glucophage)
- Mechanism
- Decrease Glucose Production
- Increase Insulin Sensitivity
- Indications
- Type 2 Diabetes
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
- Side Effects
- GI Distress
- Decreased Appetite
- Lactic Acidosis
- Considerations
- IV Contrast
- Limit Alcohol Consumption
2 mins
Hemoglobin A1c Lab Value
- 4-6%
1 min
Metabolic Alkalosis
- Diuretic use
- Vomiting
- Antacid
- Hyperaldosteronism
26 secs
Normal Gap Metabolic Acidosis
- HARD-ASS
- Hyperalimentation
- Addison's Disease
- Renal Tubular Acidosis
- Diarrhea
- Acetazolamide
- Spironolactone
- Saline Infusion
2 mins
Respiratory Acidosis
- Hypoventilation
- Increased PaCO2 > 45
- Barbiturates Depress Central Respiratory Center of Brain
- Opioids Depress Central Respiratory Center of the Brain
- Airway Obstruction
- Respiratory Muscle Weakness/Paralysis
3 mins
Respiratory Alkalosis
- Hyperventilation
- High Altitude
- Aspirin
- Restrictive Lung Disease
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Pregnancy
- Progesterone
- Rib Fracture
- Anxiety
2 mins
Addison's Disease
- Mechanism
- Chronic 1° Adrenal Insufficiency
- Atrophy
- Destruction
- Symptoms
- Deficiency In Cortisol And Aldosterone
- Skin Hyperpigmentation
- Increased POMC
- Hypotension
- Hyperkalemia
- Acidosis
- Addisonian Crisis
- Diagnosis
- ACTH (Cosyntropin) Stimulation Test
- Treatment
- Exogenous Cortisol
2 mins
Cushing's Syndrome Characteristics
- More Common in Women
- Exogenous Etiologies
- Glucocorticoids
- Endogenous Etiologies
- Decreased ACTH
- Primary Adrenal Disease
- Increased ACTH
- Pituitary Adenoma (Cushing's Disease)
- Paraneoplastic: Small Cell Carcinoma
- CRF-releasing Tumors
2 mins
Cushing's Syndrome Symptoms And Diagnosis
- Symptoms/Findings
- Osteoporosis
- Amenorrhea
- Truncal Obesity
- Skin Changes
- Buffalo Hump
- Immune Suppression
- Moon Facies
- Hypertension
- Decreased Insulin Sensitivity
- Diagnosis
- 24-hour urine free Cortisol
- Dexamethasone Suppression Test
2 mins
Iron Deficiency Anemia
- Causes
- Malnutrition/Malabsorption
- Hemorrhage
- Signs
- Microcytic, Hypochromic Anemia
- Decreased Heme Synthesis
- Labs
- Decreased Reticulocytes
- Decreased Ferritin
- Increased Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)
- Poikilocytosis
- Anisocytosis
- Increased Central Pallor
2 mins
Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
- Mechanisms
- NSAID
- COX Inhibitor
- Indications
- General Pain
- Fever
- Inflammatory Conditions
- Side Effects
- GI Ulcers
- Nephrotoxicity
- Rash
- Considerations
- Avoid with Alcohol
- Risk of Thrombotic Event
2 mins
