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FNP Intensive Review Leik-Musculoskeletal
Types of Fractures
Nondisplaced
Displaced
Incomplete
Complete
Closed
Open
Direction of Fracture Line
2 mins
Hip Fracture
Assessment
External Rotation
Muscle Spasms
Shortened Leg
Pain
Interventions
Buck's Traction
Analgesics
Surgery
Considerations
Avascular Necrosis
1 min
Hip Surgery
Neurovascular Assessment
No 90 Degree Hip Flexion
No Adduction
No Internal Rotation
Avoid Turning on Affected Side
Considerations
Thromboembolism Prevention
2 mins
Neurovascular Assessment 6 P's
Pain
Paresthesia
Pulse
Pallor
Pressure
Paralysis
1 min
Sizing Crutches
3 Finger Widths
6 Inches Lateral From Heel
30 Degree Flexion
Tripod Position
1 min
Total Knee Replacement (TKR)
Indications
Joint Pain (Uncontrolled)
Impaired Mobility
Considerations
Compression Dressing
Frequent Neurovascular Assessments
Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) Devices
Early Ambulation
Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis
Limit Flexion Positions
Monitor for Infection
2 mins
Herniated Disc (Nucleus Pulposus)
Cause/Mechanism
Spine Trauma
Natural Degeneration
Spinal Stenosis
Assessment
Pain
Weakness
Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
Interventions
Brace
Medications
Outpatient Procedures
Surgery
2 mins
Amputation
Indications
Trauma
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Diabetes Complications
Considerations
Gentle Handling
Surgical Tourniquet at Bedside
Prevent Contractures
Frequent Inspection
Compression Bandages
Phantom Pain
Mirror Therapy
2 mins
Supracondylar Fracture Of Humerus
Mechanism
Fall On Outstretched Hand (FOOSH)
More Common In Children
Signs & Symptoms
Elbow Pain & Swelling
Diagnosis
X-ray Shows Elbow Effusion
Anterior Sail Sign
Posterior Fat Pad Sign
Treatment
Non-displaced: Splint And Sling
Displaced: Closed Reduction With Percutaneous Pin Placement
Increased with Prolonged Sitting or Climbing Stairs
Diagnosis
Patellofemoral Compression Test
Apprehension Sign
Treatment
NSAIDs
Conservative Therapy
Bracing
3 mins
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)
Pathophysiology
Separation of Femoral Epiphysis from Femoral Neck
Through Growth Plate (Physeal Plate)
Obesity
Male Adolescents
African American
Growth and Sex Hormone Imbalances
Signs & Symptoms
Thigh or Knee Pain
Inability to Bear Weight
Decreased Internal Rotation of Hip
Obligate External Rotation of Hip with Flexion
Diagnosis
Frog Leg Lateral X-ray
Treatment
Surgical Pinning
Complications
Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head
3 mins
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
Pathophysiology
Idiopathic Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head
Boys 5-7 Years of Age
Symptoms < 18 Months
Signs & Symptoms
Painless Limp
Limited Range of Motion
Intermittent Anterior Thigh Pain
Insidious Pain in Knee
Atrophy of Upper Thigh
Diagnosis
AP and Frog Leg Lateral X-ray
Compression and Deformity of Femoral Head
Treatment
Bed Rest
NSAIDs
Containment with Brace or Cast
Surgery
4 mins
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
Cause
Abnormal Femoral Head in Acetabulum
Newborn Assessment
Positive Barlow Sign
Clicking with Adduction
Positive Ortolani Sign
Clicking with Abduction
Asymmetrical Limb Lengths and Folds (Gluteal and Thigh)
Older Child Assessment
Trendelenburg Sign
Interventions
Abduction Device
Pavlik Harness
Closed Reduction
3 mins
Restless Legs Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Idiopathic
Iron Deficiency
Parkinson's Disease
Signs and Symptoms
Urge to Move the Legs
Unpleasant Sensations in Legs
Worsens with Inactivity
Relieved by Movement
Treatment
Iron Supplementation
Self-care
Gabapentin
Pramipexole
2 mins
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