Bella Shared "Respiratory Therapy" - 107 Picmonics
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Respiratory Therapy
Stages of Asthma Treatments
- Mild Intermittent
- Short-acting Inhaled Beta-Agonist
- Mild Persistent
- Low-Dose Inhaled Corticosteroid
- Montelukast (Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist)
- Moderate Persistent
- Low to Medium-dose Inhaled Corticosteroid
- Zileuton
- Severe Persistent
- High-Dose Inhaled Corticosteroid
- Systemic Corticosteroids
- Omalizumab (Allergies)
2 mins
Albuterol (Proventil)
- Mechanism
- Short-Acting Beta-2 Agonist
- Indications
- Bronchospasm
- Asthma
- Side Effects
- Angina
- Tachycardia
- Tremor
1 min
Beta-2 Agonists
- Short-Term Treatment
- Terbutaline
- Asthma
- Tocolysis
- Albuterol
- Asthma
- Long-Term Treatment
- Salmeterol
- Asthma
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
3 mins
Terbutaline (Brethine)
- Mechanism of Action
- Beta-2 Agonists
- Indications
- Asthma
- Tocolytic
- Side Effects
- Tremor
- Tachycardia
- Pulmonary Edema
- Hypokalemia
- Hyperglycemia
2 mins
Montelukast (Singulair)
- Mechanism
- Leukotriene Receptor Blocker
- Indications
- Allergic Rhinitis
- Asthma Prophylaxis
- Exercise Induced Bronchospasm
- Side Effects
- Fatigue
- Headache
- Mood Changes
- Suicidal Thoughts
- Considerations
- Increased Risk of Churg Strauss
2 mins
Theophylline
- Indications
- Asthma
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Phosphodiesterase
- Increases cAMP
- Side Effects
- Cardiotoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- Blocks Adenosine Action
53 secs
Anticholinergics
- B.O.AT.S Acronym
- Benztropine
- Parkinson's Disease
- Oxybutynin
- Decrease bladder spasms
- Atropine
- Mydriasis and Cycloplegia
- Scopolamine
- Motion Sickness
1 min
Anticholinergics Continued
- Drugs
- Glycopyrrolate
- Reduces Airway Secretions
- Ulcer Treatment
- Ipratropium
- Asthma and C.O.P.D
- Dicyclomine
- Hyoscyamine
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
1 min
Cromolyn (Mast Cell Stabilizers)
- Mechanism
- Mast Cell Stabilizer
- Indications
- Asthma Prophylaxis
- Bronchial Inflammation
- Allergic Rhinitis
- Side Effects
- Cough
- Bronchospasm
- Consideration
- Fixed Schedule Administration
2 mins
First Generation Antihistamines
- Mechanism of Action
- Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist
- Indications
- Allergies
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Motion Sickness
- Anaphylaxis
- Drug Names
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Promethazine (Phenergan)
- Chlorpheniramine
- Side Effects
- Sedation
- Anticholinergic Effects
2 mins
Second Generation Antihistamines
- Indications
- Allergies
- Mechanism of Action
- Lipophobic
- Histamine H1 Receptor Antagonist
- Drugs
- Azelastine + Fluticasone (Dymista)
- Intranasal Spray
- Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
- Loratadine (Claritin)
- Fexofenadine (Allegra)
- Considerations
- Fewer Anticholinergic Effects
- Fewer CNS Effects
2 mins
Prostacyclin Analogs
- Mechanism of Action
- Prostaglandin I2 (Prostacyclin)
- Vasodilation of Pulmonary and Systemic Arteries
- Inhibits Platelet Aggregation
- Indications
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Side effects
- Flushing
- Jaw Pain
- Drugs
- Epoprostenol
- Iloprost
- Treprostinil
1 min
Endothelin Receptor Antagonists
- Indication
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Mechanism of Action
- Competitive Antagonism of Endothelin Receptors
- Decreased Pulmonary Vascular Resistance
- Drugs
- Bosentan
- Side Effects
- Hepatotoxicity
- Monitor LFTs
1 min
Dextromethorphan
- Mechanism
- Codeine Analog
- Weak Opioid
- NMDA Receptor Antagonist
- Uses
- Cough Suppressant
- Adverse Effects
- Serotonin Syndrome
- Drug Overdose
- Naloxone
2 mins
Respiratory Anatomy
- Characteristics
- Nasal Cavity
- Hair Filters
- Mucus Filters and Moistens
- Capillaries Warm
- Pharynx (Throat)
- Larynx (Voice Box)
- Cilia Expel Mucus and Dust
- Trachea
- Bronchi
- Alveoli
2 mins
Pathways through the Diaphragm
- Characteristics
- T8 Level (Caval opening)
- Inferior Vena Cava
- T10 Level (Esophageal Opening)
- Esophagus
- Vagus Nerve
- Esophageal Branches Left Gastric Vessels
- T12 Level (Aortic opening)
- Aorta
- Thoracic Duct
- Azygos Vein
2 mins
Alveolar Gas Exchange
- Characteristics
- Pulmonary Artery Blood is O2-Poor, CO2-Rich
- Two-Cell Thick Air-Blood Barrier
- CO2 Diffuses Into Air
- O2 Diffuses Into Blood
- Gases Equilibrate
- Pulmonary Vein is O2-Rich, CO2-Poor
- Thermoregulation
2 mins
Alveolar Gas Equation
- Equation
- Partial Pressure of Alveolar Oxygen (PAO2)
- Partial Pressure of Oxygen in the Inspired Air (PIO2)
- PIO2 Normally Approximated = 150 mmHg
- Arterial Partial Pressure of CO2 (PaCO2)
- Respiratory Quotient (R)
- R Normally Approximated = 0.8
- PAO2 = PIO2 - (PaCO2/R)
1 min
Physiologic Dead Space (VD)
- Tidal Volume (Vt)
- Partial Pressure of Arterial CO2 (PaCO2)
- Partial Pressure of CO2 in Expired Air (PECO2)
- VD = VT x (PaCO2-PECO2) / PaCO2
2 mins
A-a Gradient
- Partial pressure of alveolar oxygen (PAO2)
- Partial Pressure of Arterial O2 (PaO2)
- Normal 10 to 15 mmHg
- Hypoxemia with an Abnormal A-a Gradient
- Diffusion problem
- Shunting (Low V/Q)
- Dead space (high V/Q)
1 min
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