Vidya Shared "Neuro" - 26 Picmonics
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Neuro
Huntington's Disease
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Trinucleotide Repeat
- CAG Repeats
- Chromosome 4
- Anticipation
- Caudate
- Decrease of ACh
- Decrease of GABA
- Signs and Symptoms
- Chorea
- Dementia
- Depression
- Glutamate Toxicity
- Neuronal Death via NMDA Binding
3 mins
Sturge Weber Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- GNAQ Gene
- Signs and Symptoms
- Port Wine Stain
- Arterial Venous Malformation
- Leptomeningeal Angiomas
- Intellectual Disability
- Seizures
- Pheochromocytoma
- Glaucoma
- Tram-Track Calcifications
3 mins
Cluster Headache
- Presentation
- More Common in Men
- Unilateral Periorbital Headache
- Ipsilateral Tearing
- Precipitated by Alcohol
- Stabbing Pain
- Duration
- 15 min - 3 Hours
- Repetitive Attacks in Clusters
- Treatment
- High Flow 100% O2
- Ergots
- Sumatriptan
2 mins
Tension Headache
- Presentation
- More Common in Women
- Bilateral Band-like Pain
- Occipital and Neck region
- Exacerbated by Stress
- Exacerbated by Fatigue
- Duration
- > 30 Minutes
- Acute Treatment
- Relaxation
- Caffeine
- NSAIDs
- Acetaminophen
- Preventative Treatment
- Amitriptyline
1 min
Migraine Headache Treatments
- Acute Treatment
- Avoid Triggers
- Sumatriptan
- NSAIDs
- Preventative Treatment
- Beta Blockers
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Amitriptyline
- Topiramate (Anticonvulsants)
1 min
Tuberous Sclerosis
- Characteristics
- Autosomal Dominant
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hamartomas in CNS and Skin
- Phakoma
- Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma
- Seizures
- Intellectual Disability (Mental Retardation)
- Adenoma Sebaceum
- Shagreen Patch
- Ash-leaf Spots
- Renal Angiomyolipoma
- Cardiac Rhabdomyoma
2 mins
Neurofibromatosis Type 1
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Chromosome 17
- Signs and Symptoms
- Neurofibromas
- Optic Glioma
- Lisch Nodules
- Hamartomas
- Cafe Au Lait Spots
- Scoliosis
- Pheochromocytoma
4 mins
Neurofibromatosis Type 2
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal-Dominant
- Chromosome 22
- Signs and Symptoms
- Vestibular Schwannoma
- Meningioma
- Ependymoma
- Cafe Au Lait Spots
- Cataracts
2 mins
Von Hippel-Lindau Disease
- Pathophysiology
- Chromosome 3
- Presentation
- Hemangioblastomas
- Medulla, Retina, Cerebellum
- Cysts
- Kidney, Liver, Pancreas
- Develop Bilateral Renal Carcinomas
- Pheochromocytomas
2 mins
Glioblastoma Multiforme
- Most Common Malignant Primary Brain Tumor
- Grade 4 Astrocytoma
- Can Cross Corpus Callosum
- Butterfly Glioma
- Pseudo-palisading Tumor Cells
- Areas of Necrosis and Hemorrhage
- Stain Astrocytes for Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP)
- Grave Prognosis
2 mins
Meningioma
- Epidemiology
- Most Common Adult Primary Brain Tumor
- pathology
- Benign
- Originate from Arachnoid Villi
- Dural Attachment
- Parasagittal
- Clinical Manifestations
- Contralateral Leg Weakness
- Seizures
- Diagnosis
- Psammoma Bodies
- Calcifications
- Increased Bone Density
3 mins
Schwannoma
- Characteristics
- Acoustic Schwannoma
- Cranial Nerve VIII
- Cerebellopontine Angle
- S100 Positive
- Bilateral Schwannoma in Neurofibromatosis Type 2
- Tinnitus
- Cranial Nerve V
- Affects Corneal Reflex
2 mins
Oligodendroglioma
- Slow growing tumor
- Frontal lobe
- Chicken Wire Pattern
- Fried egg appearance
- Calcifications
32 secs
Pilocytic Astrocytoma
- Occurs Most Commonly in Kids
- Posterior Fossa
- Cerebellum
- Well Circumscribed
- GFAP
- Rosenthal Fibers
- Eosinophilic Corkscrew Fibers
1 min
Medulloblastoma
- Pathophysiology
- Occurs in Children
- Cerebellum
- Fourth Ventricle
- Diagnosis
- Small Blue Cells
- Lots of Mitotic Figures
- Homer Wright Rosettes
- Signs and Symptoms
- Hydrocephalus
- Ataxia
- Wide-based Gait
- Treatment
- Radiosensitive
2 mins
Ependymoma
- Occur in Children
- Fourth Ventricle
- Hydrocephalus
- Perivascular Pseudorosettes
- Rod Shaped Blepharoplasts
- Cauda Equina in Adults
- Poor Prognosis
- Neurofibromatosis Type II
2 mins
Craniopharyngioma
- Hypopituitarism
- Remnants of Rathke's Pouch
- Tooth-enamel Like Calcification
- Cholesterol Crystals
- Yellow Viscous Fluid
- Headache
- Bitemporal Hemianopsia
1 min
Pinealoma
- Pathophysiology
- Melatonin
- Superior Colliculi
- Obstructs Cerebral Aqueduct
- Signs and Symptoms
- Obstructive Hydrocephalus
- Vomiting
- Parinaud's Syndrome
- Paralysis of Upward Gaze
- Setting Sun Sign
- Increased Beta-hCG
- Precocious Puberty
2 mins
Propylthiouracil (PTU) and Methimazole (MMI)
- Indications
- Hyperthyroidism
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Thyroid Peroxidase
- PTU Blocks Peripheral Conversion of T4 to T3
- Side Effects
- Agranulocytosis
- Skin Rash
- Hepatotoxicity (PTU)
- Teratogen (MMI)
1 min
MEN 1 (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia)
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Menin Mutation (Tumor Suppression Gene)
- Chromosome 11
- Signs and Symptoms
- Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors
- Pituitary Tumors
- Parathyroid Adenomas
2 mins
