Ali Shared "New Picmonics - 3.11.15" - 22 Picmonics
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New Picmonics - 3.11.15
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
"-prazole" Suffix
Indications
Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome
Gastritis
Peptic Ulcer
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Mechanism
Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI)
Inhibit H+/K+/ATPase
Side Effects
Hip Fracture
Pneumonia
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Diagnosis
HIV-1/2 Antigen/Antibody Immunoassay
HIV-1/2 Antibody Differentiation Immunoassay
Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT)
Viral Load
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Neonates
3 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Stages
Primary Infection
Within 3 Weeks
Flu-like Symptoms
Asymptomatic Stage
Years
Symptomatic Stage
CD4+ < 500
AIDS
Opportunistic Infections
CD4+ < 200
2 mins
Respiratory Alkalosis Interventions
Treat Underlying Cause
Mechanically Ventilated Patients
Decrease Tidal Volume and/or Respiratory Rate
Give Adequate Pain Control and Sedation
Hyperventilation Syndrome
Sedatives
Antidepressants
Considerations
Compensatory Drop in Serum Bicarbonate
Calming Breathing Exercises
Correct CO2 Slowly
2 mins
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
Used for Diabetes Screening
Fasting State
Samples Drawn
Baseline
Normal < 100 mg/dL
30 and 60 Minutes
Normal < 200 mg/dL
120 Minutes
Normal < 140 mg/dL
2 mins
Cisplatin (Platinol)
Mechanism
Alkylating Agent
Cross-Links DNA
Indications
Testicular Cancer
Ovarian Cancer
Side Effects
Nausea and Vomiting
Myelosuppression
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
Peripheral Neuropathy
Considerations
Antiemetics Before Administration
Aggressive Hydration
3 mins
Metabolic Acidosis Interventions
Interventions
Raise Plasma pH > 7.20
Treat Underlying Cause
Sodium Bicarbonate
Considerations
Follow ABGs
Continuously Monitor Patient
2 mins
Cardiac Enzyme Evaluation: Troponin
Measures
Cardiac Muscle Injury
Time Ranges
Detection in Blood: 4 Hours
Peak: 24 - 36 Hours
Return to Normal: 5 - 14 Days
Considerations
Most Specific for Cardiac Muscle
Treat Aggressively
2 mins
Cardiac Enzyme Evaluation: Myoglobin
Measures
Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Injury
Time Ranges
Onset: 1 - 4 Hours
Peak: 12 Hours
Return to Normal: 24 Hours
Considerations
Elevation After 24 Hours: Reinfarction
2 mins
Cardiac Enzyme Evaluation: Creatine Kinase CK-MB
Measures
Skeletal or Cardiac Muscle Injury
Time Ranges
Onset: 4-8 Hours
Peak: 12-24 Hours
Return to Normal: 2-3 Days
1 min
Endocarditis Assessment
Infection of Inner Layer and Valves
Assessment
Fever
Fatigue
New or Changed Murmurs
Roth's Spots
Splinter Hemorrhages
Janeway Lesions
Osler's Nodes
Considerations
Heart Failure
Embolization
2 mins
Endocarditis Interventions
Interventions
IV Antibiotics
4-6 Weeks
Anticoagulants
Good Hygiene
Considerations
Closely Monitor
Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Dental Procedures
Invasive Procedures
1 min
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Mechanism
2nd Generation Atypical Antipsychotic
Indications
Schizophrenia
Bipolar Disorder
Depression
Side Effects
Headache
Dizziness
Nausea and Vomiting
Insomnia
Anxiety
Considerations
Low Risk of Extrapyramidal Symptoms
Lowest Risk of Weight Gain
2 mins
Autonomic Dysreflexia
Injury Above T6
Assessment
Paroxysmal Hypertension
Bradycardia
Diaphoresis
Flushing Above Lesion
Piloerection
Nasal Congestion
Headache
Interventions
Elevate Head of Bed
Remove Noxious Stimuli
2 mins
CSF Lab Values: Normal
Pressure: < 20 cm H2O
Color/Appearance: Clear or Colorless
Proteins: < 40 mg/dL
Lactate Dehydrogenase: 10% of Serum Level
Cells: 0-5 Small Lymphocytes
Glucose: 40-70 mg/dL
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Assessment
Mechanism
Multisystem Inflammatory Disorder
Assessment
Malar Rash
Discoid Rash
Arrhythmias
Arthritis
Hemolytic Anemia
Seizures
Glomerulonephritis
Considerations
Periods of Exacerbation and Remission
Diagnosed by ANA (Anti-nuclear antibody assay)
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Interventions
Avoid Sunlight
Drug Therapy
Glucocorticoids
Methotrexate
NSAIDs
Hydroxychloroquine
Azathioprine
Considerations
Monitor for Renal Failure (ARF)
Manage Pain
2 mins
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Personality Functioning
Self Functioning
Preoccupied with Trustworthiness of Friends
Interpersonal Functioning
Pervasive Mistrust of Others
Constant Suspicion
Pathological Personality Traits
Reads Threatening Meanings in Benign Remarks
Reluctant to Confide
Perceives Attacks on Character
Grudges
2 mins
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Personality Functioning
Self Functioning
Few Pleasurable Activities
Interpersonal Functioning
Lacks Interest in Social Relationships
Pathological Personality Traits
Lack Close Friends
Indifferent to Praise
Chooses Solitary Activities
Little Interest in Sex
Emotional Coldness or Detachment
2 mins
Dependent Personality Disorder
Personality Functioning
Self Functioning
Difficulty Making Own Decisions
Interpersonal Functioning
Uncomfortable Being Alone
Urgently Seeks New Relationships After Breakups
Pathological Personality Traits
Allow Others to Make Decisions
Exaggerated Fear of Being Unable to Care for Self
Difficulty Expressing Disagreement
Difficulty Starting New Projects
Excessive Lengths to Obtain Nurturance
2 mins
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