Jared Shared "Antibiotics" - 38 Picmonics
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Antibiotics
Cephalosporins Overview
- Mechanism of Action
- Beta lactam drug
- Inhibits cell wall synthesis
- Bactericidal
- Side Effects
- Hypersensitivity reactions
- Vitamin K Deficiency
- Disulfiram like reaction with Alcohol
- Increased Nephrotoxicity of Aminoglycosides
1 min
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
- Drug Names
- 30S inhibitors
- Aminoglycosides
- Tetracyclines
- 50S inhibitors
- Chloramphenicol
- Clindamycin
- Erythromycin
- Lincomycin
- Linezolid
3 mins
Macrolides
- Mechanism of Action
- Bacteriostatic
- Bind to 23S rRNA of 50S Subunit
- Inhibit Protein Synthesis by Blocking Translocation
- Macrolides
- Erythromycin
- Azithromycin
- Clarithromycin
- Indications
- Gram-Positive Cocci
- Atypical Pneumonia
- Chlamydia
- Considerations
- Resistance by Methylation of 23S rRNA Binding
2 mins
Ampicillin and Amoxicillin
- Mechanism
- Aminopenicillin
- Broad Spectrum Penicillin
- Indications
- Gram-Positive and Some Gram-Negative Infections
- Side Effects
- Rash
- Diarrhea
- Considerations
- No Effect Against Staph Aureus
- Often combined with Beta Lactamase Inhibitor
- Allergic Reaction
2 mins
Beta-Lactamase Inhibitors
- Considerations
- Often Combined with Penicillin Antibiotics
- Drug Names
- Clavulanic Acid
- Sulbactam
- Tazobactam
51 secs
Tetracycline Drug Names and Indications
- Drug Names
- Demeclocycline
- Minocycline
- Doxycycline
- Fecally Eliminated
- Can be Used in Renal Failure
- Indications
- Antidiuretic Hormone Antagonist
- Chlamydia
- Rickettsia
- Borrelia burgdorferi
- Helicobacter Pylori
- Mycoplasma Pneumonia
3 mins
Tetracycline Mechanism
- Binds to 30 S to Prevent Attachment of Aminoacyl tRNA
- Limited CNS Penetration
- Divalent Cations Inhibit Absorption
- Must Not Take with Milk, Antacids, Iron
1 min
Vancomycin Mechanism
- Bacteriostatic and Bactericidal
- Gram-Positive
- Inhibits Cell Wall Mucopeptide
- Binds to D-ala D-ala
- Resistance with Change to D-ala D-lac
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Orally for Clostridium difficile
- Enterococci
2 mins
Fluoroquinolones Antibiotics
- -floxacin
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Topoisomerase II & IV
- Bactericidal
- Indications
- Gram-negative Rods
- Pneumonia
- Gastrointestinal Infections
- Urinary Tract Infection
- Genital Infections
- Drugs
- Levofloxacin
- Ciprofloxacin
- Has Pseudomonas Coverage
- Considerations
- Avoid Polyvalent Cations
3 mins
Sulfonamides Mechanisms
- Bacteriostatic
- Gram-Positive
- Gram-Negative
- Nocardia
- Chlamydia
- PABA antimetabolites
- Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase
- Sulfamethoxazole
- Sulfisoxazole
- Sulfadiazine
1 min
Sulfonamides Side Effects
- Side Effects
- Hypersensitivity
- Nephrotoxicity
- Photosensitivity
- Kernicterus in Infants
- Displaces Warfarin from Albumin
- Considerations
- Hemolysis with G6PD Deficiency
3 mins
Polymyxins
- Mechanism of Action
- Cationic
- Act Like Detergents
- Bind to Cell Membranes of Bacteria
- Disrupt Their Osmotic Properties
- Indications
- Resistant Gram-Negative Infections
- Side Effects
- Neurotoxicity
- Renal tubular necrosis
3 mins
Linezolid (Zyvox)
- Mechanism Of Action
- Oxazolidinone Antibiotic
- Binds 23S rRNA of 50S Subunit
- Inhibits Protein Synthesis
- Indication
- Gram-Positive Organisms
- MRSA
- VRE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci)
- Side Effects
- Bone Marrow Suppression
- Decreased Platelet Count
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Lactic Acidosis
- Serotonin Syndrome
- Considerations & Patient Education
- Avoid Tyramine Containing Foods
4 mins
Macrolides Side Effects
- Side Effects
- Diarrhea
- Prolonged QT Interval
- P450 Inhibitor
- Cholestatic Hepatitis
- Skin Rash
- Eosinophilia
3 mins
Aminopenicillin Mechanisms
- Indications
- Broader Spectrum
- Drug Names
- Ampicillin
- Amoxicillin
- Mechanism and Characteristics
- Beta-Lactamase Sensitive
- Combine with Clavulanic Acid
- Side Effects
- Hypersensitivity Reactions
- Ampicillin Rash
- Pseudomembranous Colitis
2 mins
Aminopenicillin Uses
- Drug Names
- Ampicillin
- Amoxicillin
- Indications
- Shigella
- Haemophilus Influenzae
- Salmonella
- Listeria
- Enterococci
- Proteus Mirabilis
- E. Coli
1 min
Tetracycline Toxicities
- Inhibition of Bone Growth in Children
- Teratogen
- Discoloration of Teeth
- Photosensitivity
- GI Distress
2 mins
Clindamycin
- Mechanism of Action
- Bacteriostatic
- Binds 50S Ribosomal Subunit
- Blocks Translocation
- Indications
- Anaerobic Infections above the Diaphragm
- Aspiration Pneumonia
- Lung Abscess
- Side Effects
- Can Cause Pseudomembranous Colitis
1 min
Vancomycin Side Effects & Toxicity
- Side Effects
- Thrombophlebitis
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity
- Diffuse Flushing Called Red Man Syndrome
- Prevent with Antihistamine
- Prevent with Slow Infusion
2 mins
Metronidazole
- Mechanism of Action
- Bactericidal
- Forms Free Radical Toxic Metabolites
- Damages DNA
- Indications
- Giardia lamblia
- Entamoeba Histolytica
- Trichomonas
- Gardnerella
- Anaerobes
- Side Effects
- Metallic taste
- Disulfiram like Reaction with Alcohol
2 mins
