Brett Shared "HPA3 Exam 3" - 31 Picmonics
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HPA3 Exam 3
Scoliosis
- Assessment
- S Shaped Lateral Spinal Rotation
- Unequal Shoulder and Scapula Height
- Uneven Gait
- Impaired Oxygenation
- Hump when Bending Forward
- Interventions
- Body Braces
- Worn 23 Hours/Day
- Surgery
- Considerations
- Adolescent Screening
3 mins
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
- Cause
- Abnormal Femoral Head in Acetabulum
- Newborn Assessment
- Positive Barlow Sign
- Clicking with Adduction
- Positive Ortolani Sign
- Clicking with Abduction
- Asymmetrical Limb Lengths and Folds (Gluteal and Thigh)
- Older Child Assessment
- Trendelenburg Sign
- Interventions
- Abduction Device
- Pavlik Harness
- Closed Reduction
3 mins
Hip Surgery
- Neurovascular Assessment
- No 90 Degree Hip Flexion
- No Adduction
- No Internal Rotation
- Avoid Turning on Affected Side
- Considerations
- Thromboembolism Prevention
2 mins
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- Continuous
- Machine like murmur
- Often Due to Congenital Rubella
- Prematurity
1 min
Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
- Features
- Blue Baby Syndrome
- Mechanism
- PROVe Acronym
- Pulmonary Infundibular Stenosis
- Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
- Overriding Aorta
- Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Diagnosis and Treatment
- Boot-Shaped Heart
- Squatting for Tet Spells
- Surgery
2 mins
Hypoxia (Early Symptoms)
- Diaphoresis
- Restlessness
- Tachypnea
- Dyspnea on Exertion
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
- Arrhythmias
- Decreased Urine Output
- Unexplained Fatigue
1 min
Hypoxia (Late Symptoms)
- Cyanosis
- Cool, Clammy Skin
- Use of Accessory Muscles
- Retractions
- Hypotension
- Arrhythmias
2 mins
Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis)
- Mechanism
- Parainfluenza Virus
- Assessment
- 3 Months to 3 Years
- Nighttime
- Barking Seal Cough
- Inspiratory Stridor
- Interventions
- Cool Humidified Air
- Dexamethasone
- Racemic Epinephrine
2 mins
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
- Cause/Mechanism
- Fetal Lung Immaturity
- Lack of Surfactant
- Assessment
- Respiratory Distress
- Nasal Flaring
- Retractions
- Grunting
- Interventions
- Surfactant
- Oxygen
- Mechanical Ventilation
- Considerations
- Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
2 mins
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Assessment
- Cause
- Damaged Alveolar-Capillary Membrane
- Assessment
- Restlessness
- Dyspnea
- Refractory Hypoxemia
- Decreased PaO2
- Diffuse Pulmonary Infiltrates
- Atelectasis
- Pulmonary Hypertension
2 mins
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Interventions
- Interventions
- Closely Monitor Patient
- ABG's (Arterial Blood Gases)
- Oxygen
- Assess for O2 Toxicity
- Mechanical Ventilation
- PEEP
- Assess for Pneumothorax
- Permissive Hypercapnia
- Considerations
- High Mortality Rate
2 mins
Epiglottitis Assessment
- Cause/Mechanism
- Haemophilus Influenzae
- Assessment
- Drooling
- Fever
- Stridor
- Restlessness
- Dyspnea
- Cough
- Tripod Position
- Considerations
- Emergency Treatment
- Do Not Examine Throat
2 mins
Epiglottitis Interventions
- Interventions
- Maintain Airway
- Upright/Sitting Position
- Humidified Oxygen
- Intubation/Tracheostomy Supplies At Bedside
- IV Antibiotics
- Decrease Anxiety
- Considerations
- NPO
- Vaccine
- Restrain to Prevent Extubation
2 mins
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Assessment
- Mechanism
- Viral Infection Affecting Epithelial Cells
- Signs and Symptoms
- Begins After a Upper Respiratory Infection
- Copious Secretions
- Coughing and Sneezing
- Wheezing
- Otitis Media or Conjunctivitis (Possible Ear or Eye Drainage)
- Poor Feeding
- Tachypnea
2 mins
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Interventions
- Prophylaxis
- Palivizumab (Synagis)
- Management
- Hospitalization
- Contact Precautions
- Oxygen
- Separate Room
- Maintain Fluid Intake
- Short-acting Beta-Agonist Bronchodilator
2 mins
Cystic Fibrosis Assessment
- Thickened Mucus
- Recurrent Pulmonary Infections
- Pulmonary Congestion
- Pancreatic Insufficiency
- Steatorrhea
- Fat-Soluble Vitamin Deficiencies
- Salty Taste to Skin
- Meconium Ileus
- Delayed Growth and Poor Weight Gain
2 mins
Cystic Fibrosis Interventions
- Bronchodilators
- N-Acetylcysteine (Mucolytics)
- Inhaled Hypertonic Saline
- Early Antibiotics
- Dornase Alfa (Mucolytic Agent)
- Postural Drainage with Percussion
- Fat Soluble Vitamin Supplements
- Pancreatic Enzymes with Every Meal
- High Protein, High Calorie Diet
- Added Dietary Salt
- Glucose Monitoring
2 mins
Placenta Previa
- Mechanism
- Placenta Covers Cervical Os
- Assessment
- Painless
- Bright Red Vaginal Bleeding
- Interventions
- Stable Fetus
- Bed Rest
- Observation
- Unstable Fetus
- C-section Delivery
- Considerations
- Risk for Shock
- Magnesium Sulfate
- Tocolysis
3 mins
Abruptio Placentae
- Mechanism
- Premature Separation of Placenta
- Assessment
- Tearing Pain
- Bleeding (Often Concealed)
- Rigid Uterus
- Contractions
- Interventions
- Corticosteroids as Needed
- Emergent Delivery
- Considerations
- Increased Risks for Neonate
- Rh (Rhesus) Incompatibilities
- Increased Risk for Shock
- Monitor Fetal Heart Rate
3 mins
Ectopic Pregnancy
- Signs and Symptoms
- Lower Abdominal Pain
- Delayed Menses
- Abnormal Vaginal Bleeding
- Shock
- Referred Shoulder Pain
- Cullen Sign
- Considerations
- Methotrexate
- Surgery
- RhoGAM
2 mins
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