Jose Shared "Neurologic 2" - 67 Picmonics
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Neurologic 2
Circle of Willis
- Characteristics
- Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) Supplies Motor/Sensory Parts of the Cortex for Lower Extremities
- Anterior Communicating Artery (Acomm) Connects ACA to ACA
- Internal Carotid Arteries (ICA)
- Middle Cerebral Arteries (MCA) Supply Cortex for Upper Limbs and Face
- Posterior Communicating Artery (Pcomm) Connects ICA to PCA
- Posterior Cerebral Arteries (PCA) Supply Occipital Cortex
- Basilar Artery Supplies Medulla, Pons, and PCA
3 mins
Posterior Column (Dorsal Column)
- Ascending Pathway (Sensory)
- Sensations
- Proprioception
- Fine Touch
- Pressure
- Vibration Sensation
- Anatomy
- Dorsal Root
- Fasciculus Cuneatus
- Arms
- Fasciculus Gracilis
- Lower Limbs
- Lesions
- Vitamin B12 Deficiency
- Tabes Dorsalis
2 mins
Spinothalamic Tracts
- Ascending Pathway (Sensory)
- Lateral
- Temperature
- Pain
- Anterior
- Crude Touch
- Pressure
- Decussates at Anterior White Commisure
- Lesion
- Contralateral Anesthesia
2 mins
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
- Assessment
- Progressive Muscle Weakness
- Systemic Muscle Wasting
- Fasciculations
- Spasticity
- Fatigue
- Considerations
- Riluzole (Rilutek)
- Stretching
- Little to No Cognitive Decline
- Respiratory Support
- Palliative Care
2 mins
CSF Lab Values: Normal
- Pressure: < 20 cm H2O
- Color/Appearance: Clear or Colorless
- Proteins: < 40 mg/dL
- Lactate Dehydrogenase: 10% of Serum Level
- Cells: 0-5 Small Lymphocytes
- Glucose: 40-70 mg/dL
2 mins
Common Causes of Meningitis: Newborn (0-6 Months)
- Group B Streptococci
- E. coli
- Listeria monocytogenes
1 min
Cranial Nerve Function
- Sensory
- CN I
- CN II
- CN VIII
- Motor
- CN III
- CN IV
- CN VI
- CN XI
- CN XII
- Both
- CN V
- CN VII
- CN IX
- CN X
1 min
Common Causes of Meningitis: Children (6 Months - 6 Years)
- Enteroviruses
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Haemophilus influenzae Type B
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
2 mins
Common Causes of Meningitis: Adolescent and Adult (6 - 60 Years Old)
- Enteroviruses
- Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)
- Neisseria meningitidis (#1 Cause in Teens)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
1 min
Common Causes of Meningitis: Elderly (60+ Years Old)
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Gram-Negative Rods
- Listeria Monocytogenes
56 secs
Tension Headache
- Presentation
- More Common in Women
- Bilateral Band-like Pain
- Occipital and Neck region
- Exacerbated by Stress
- Exacerbated by Fatigue
- Duration
- > 30 Minutes
- Acute Treatment
- Relaxation
- Caffeine
- NSAIDs
- Acetaminophen
- Preventative Treatment
- Amitriptyline
1 min
Meningitis Assessment
- Assessment
- Nausea and Vomiting
- Fever
- Nuchal Rigidity
- Severe Headache
- Purpura
- Seizures
- Photophobia
- Infants and Young Children
- Opisthotonus Position
- High-Pitched Cry
- Bulging Fontanel
2 mins
Epidural Hematoma
- Mechanism
- Middle Meningeal Artery Rupture
- Temporal Bone Fracture
- Hematoma Between Skull And Dura Mater
- Transtentorial Herniation
- Lucid Interval
- Imaging
- Lens-shaped on CT
- Does Not Cross Suture Lines
- Treatment
- Craniotomy
1 min
Cluster Headache
- Presentation
- More Common in Men
- Unilateral Periorbital Headache
- Ipsilateral Tearing
- Precipitated by Alcohol
- Stabbing Pain
- Duration
- 15 min - 3 Hours
- Repetitive Attacks in Clusters
- Treatment
- High Flow 100% O2
- Ergots
- Sumatriptan
2 mins
Migraine Headache Treatments
- Acute Treatment
- Avoid Triggers
- Sumatriptan
- NSAIDs
- Preventative Treatment
- Beta Blockers
- Calcium Channel Blockers
- Amitriptyline
- Topiramate (Anticonvulsants)
1 min
Migraine Headaches Signs and Symptoms
- Signs and Symptoms
- More Common in Women
- Exacerbated by Activity
- Unilateral Pulsating Pain
- Aura
- Photophobia and Phonophobia
- Nausea/Vomiting
- Duration
- 4 hours to 3 Days
1 min
Left Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
- Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia)
- Side to Side Discrimination
- Aphasia
- Agraphia
- Slow Performance
- Aware of Deficits
- Anxiety
- Depression
2 mins
Right Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
- Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia)
- Poor Proprioception
- Disoriented to Person, Place, Time
- Can't Recognize Faces (Prosopagnosia)
- Loss of Judgement and Awareness
- Impulsiveness
- Personality Changes
- Tonal Hearing Loss
2 mins
Types of Strokes
- Warning Signs
- Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
- Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit (RIND)
- Types
- Ischemic
- Thrombotic
- Atherosclerosis
- Embolic
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Hemorrhagic
- Severe Hypertension
3 mins
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
- Bleeding into Subarachnoid Space
- Mechanisms
- Trauma
- Aneurysm Rupture
- AVM Rupture
- Vasospasm causes Ischemia
- Signs & Symptoms
- "Worst Headache Of My Life"
- Diagnosis
- Noncontrast Head CT
- Lumbar Puncture
- Angiography
- Considerations
- Surgery
- Blood Pressure Control
- Intracranial Pressure Control
- Nimodipine for Vasospasm Prophylaxis
3 mins
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