PGR Shared "nursing 2: immunity" - 21 Picmonics
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nursing 2: immunity
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Assessment
- Assessment
- RNA Retrovirus
- CD4+ Helper T Cells
- Primary Infection
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Lymphadenopathy
- Symptomatic Stage
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Unexplained Weight Loss
- White Spots on Tongue
- Persistent Fever
- Night Sweats
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Stages
- Primary Infection
- Within 3 Weeks
- Flu-like Symptoms
- Asymptomatic Stage
- Years
- Symptomatic Stage
- CD4+ < 500
- AIDS
- Opportunistic Infections
- CD4+ < 200
2 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Diagnosis
- HIV-1/2 Antigen/Antibody Immunoassay
- HIV-1/2 Antibody Differentiation Immunoassay
- Nucleic Acid Testing (NAT)
- Viral Load
- Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in Neonates
3 mins
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Interventions
- Interventions
- Adequate Nutrition
- Small Frequent Meals
- IV Hydration
- Emotional Support
- HIV Medications
- HAART
- Considerations
- Transmission Education
- Strict Asepsis for Invasive Procedures
- Treat Opportunistic Infections
2 mins
Hypersensitivity Type I
- Previous Antigen Exposure
- Immediate Reaction
- IgE Cross-linking
- Presensitized Mast Cells
- Histamine Release
- Vasodilation
- Anaphylaxis
- Allergies
- Treatment
- Epinephrine
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type II
- Cytotoxic
- IgM or IgG antibody-mediated
- Membrane Attack Complex (MAC)
- Mechanism
- Opsonization
- Complement Activation
- NK Cells
- Testing
- Direct Coombs test
- Indirect Coombs Test
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type III
- Immune Complex
- Antigen-antibody (IgG) complex activates complement
- Neutrophils release lysozomal enzymes
- Examples
- Arthus Reaction
- Serum Sickness
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
1 min
Hypersensitivity Type IV
- Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity
- T Cell Mediated
- Antibody Independant
- Macrophages Activated
- Examples
- Transplant Rejection
- PPD Skin Test
- Contact Dermatitis
1 min
Anaphylaxis Intervention
- Intervention
- Assess Airway and Oxygen Needs
- Reassure Patient with Anxiety
- Supine Position
- Methylprednisolone (Solu-medrol)
- Epinephrine
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
- Medical Alert Bracelet
2 mins
Prednisone (Glucocorticoids)
- Mechanism
- Glucocorticoid
- Indications
- Inflammatory Conditions
- Organ Transplant Rejection
- Side Effects
- Cataracts and Glaucoma
- Cushing's Syndrome
- Osteoporosis
- Immunosuppression
- Hyperglycemia
- Ulcers
- Considerations
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- Taper Gradually
2 mins
Tacrolimus (Prograf) Overview
- Mechanisms
- Immunosuppressant
- Inhibits Calcineurin, Decreasing IL-2
- Indications
- Transplant Rejection
- Atopic Dermatitis
- Considerations
- Increased Lymphoma Risk
- Avoid Grapefruit Juice
1 min
Tacrolimus (Prograf) Side Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Neurotoxicity
- GI Distress
- Infection
- Hypertension
- Hyperkalemia
- Hyperglycemia
1 min
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) Overview
- Mechanism
- Immunosuppressant
- Inhibits Calcineurin, Decreasing IL-2
- Indications
- Prevent Transplant Rejection
- Psoriasis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Considerations
- Monitor Plasma Levels
- Avoid Grapefruit Juice
- Increased Risk of Lymphoma
2 mins
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) Side Effects
- Side Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Hepatotoxicity
- Infection
- Hypertension
- Hirsutism
- Tremor
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypomagnesemia
- Gingival Hyperplasia
1 min
Methotrexate
- Indications
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Cancer
- Medical Abortion
- Mechanism
- Folic Acid Analog
- Inhibits Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Side Effects
- Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Myelosuppression is Treated with Leucovorin Rescue (Folinic Acid)
- Macrocytic Anemia
- Hepatitis
- Teratogenic
- Mucositis
2 mins
Hydroxychloroquine
- Mechanism of Action
- Immunosuppressant
- Indications
- Malaria
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
- Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
- Side Effects
- Cardiotoxicity
- Retinopathy
- Considerations
- Ophthalmological Exams
3 mins
Rheumatoid Arthritis Assessment
- Mechanism
- Destruction of Connective Tissue and Synovial Membrane
- Signs and Symptoms
- Inflammation of Joints
- Morning Stiffness
- Nodules
- Joint Deformities
1 min
Rheumatoid Arthritis Interventions
- Lifestyle Modifications
- Heat and Cold Applications
- Therapeutic Exercise
- Balance Rest and Activity
- Drug Therapy
- NSAIDs
- DMARDs
- Glucocorticoids
- Considerations
- PT/OT
- Reconstructive Joint Surgery
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Interventions
- Avoid Sunlight
- Drug Therapy
- Glucocorticoids
- Methotrexate
- NSAIDs
- Hydroxychloroquine
- Azathioprine
- Considerations
- Monitor for Renal Failure (ARF)
- Manage Pain
2 mins
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Assessment
- Mechanism
- Multisystem Inflammatory Disorder
- Assessment
- Malar Rash
- Discoid Rash
- Arrhythmias
- Arthritis
- Hemolytic Anemia
- Seizures
- Glomerulonephritis
- Considerations
- Periods of Exacerbation and Remission
- Diagnosed by ANA (Anti-nuclear antibody assay)
2 mins
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