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Sidni Shared "Copy of Exam 1 PNC IV" - 19 Picmonics

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Copy of Exam 1 PNC IV

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Assessment
Cause
Damaged Alveolar-Capillary Membrane
Assessment
Restlessness
Dyspnea
Refractory Hypoxemia
Decreased PaO2
Diffuse Pulmonary Infiltrates
Atelectasis
Pulmonary Hypertension
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2 mins
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Interventions
Interventions
Closely Monitor Patient
ABG's (Arterial Blood Gases)
Oxygen
Assess for O2 Toxicity
Mechanical Ventilation
PEEP
Assess for Pneumothorax
Permissive Hypercapnia
Considerations
High Mortality Rate
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2 mins
Chest Tubes: Management and Care
Confirm suction order
Assessment
Crepitus
Kinking
Shortness of Breath (SOB)
Infection
Excessive bubbling
Quick Interventions
If tube dislodges from patient, use petroleum gauze taped 3 ways
If drainage system is damaged, place disconnected drainage tube in sterile water
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1 min
Tracheostomy Care
Inner Cannula Removed and Cleaned
Clean Q8 Hours Around Stoma
One Finger Under Ties
Considerations
Speak with Deflated Cuff
Can Eat with Tube in Place
Keep Replacement Tube Nearby
Immediately Replace if Dislodged
Physician Does First Tube Change
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2 mins
Burns Assessment
Stage and Extent of Burn
Dyspnea
Singed Nasal Hairs
Pain
Initial Decrease Urinary Output
Paralytic Ileus
Signs of Inadequate Hydration
Shock
Hypothermia
Hyperkalemia
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2 mins
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Interventions
Complications
Risk for Shock
Renal Failure
Interventions
Treat Underlying Cause
Manage Bleeding
Maintain Fluid and Hemodynamic Balance
Transfusion
Oxygenation
Heparin Drip
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2 mins
Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Assessment
Microthrombi
DIC
Decreased Oxygen Saturation
Decreased WBC
Oliguria
High Output Heart Failure
Multiple Organ Failure
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2 mins
Types of Shock
Hypovolemic
Depleted Volume
Cardiogenic
Pump Failure
Obstructive
Indirect Pump Failure
Distributive
Lost Vascular Tone
Neurogenic
Anaphylactic
Septic
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2 mins
Burns Considerations
Maintain Body Temperature
Increased Risk of Infection
Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis
Curling's Ulcer
Excision and Grafting
Adequate Nutrition
Contractures
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2 mins
Burns Interventions
Ensure Airway Patency
O2
IV Fluid Replacement
Dry Sterile Dressing
Debridement
Elevate Burned Limbs
Analgesics
Silver Sulfadiazine
Escharotomy
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2 mins
Types of Burns
Superficial Thickness
Sunburn
Superficial Partial Thickness
Blisters
Blanching
Deep Partial Thickness
Little or Non-blanching
Full Thickness
Waxy White, Yellow or Black
Decreased Pain
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2 mins
Stages of Burn Care
Phase / Stage 1
Resuscitative/Emergent Phase
Injury to Return of Capillary Permeability
48-72 hours
IV Fluid Replacement
Phase / Stage 2
Acute Phase
Diuresis to Near Wound Closure
Phase / Stage 3
Wound Closure to Return of Optimal Level
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2 mins
Rule of 9's for Burns
Total Body Surface Area (TBSA)
Head
Anterior Torso (18%)
Chest
Abdomen
Posterior Torso (18%)
Upper Back
Lower Back
Extremities
Posterior Leg (each)
Anterior Leg (each)
Each Arm
Genitalia 1%
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2 mins
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Assessment
Mechanism
Improper Initiation of Clotting Cascade
Signs and Symptoms
Systemic Bleeding
Petechiae, Purpura, Ecchymosis
Change in LOC
Increased PT and PTT
Cyanosis
Increased Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP)
Decreased Platelets and Fibrinogen
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2 mins
Parkland Formula
Burn victims
24 hours
TBSA% x Weight x 4 = Fluids
TBSA %
x Weight (kg)
x 4
= Fluid Requirement (in first 24 hrs)
Fluids in first 8 hours
1/2 of fluid given in first 8 hours
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1 min
Chronic Kidney Disease Early Symptoms Assessment
Characteristics
GFR < 60mL/min
Accumulation of Waste Products
Clinical Features
General Malaise
Hypertension
Proteinuria
Hyperkalemia
Mineral and Bone Disorders
Neuropathy
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2 mins
Chronic Kidney Disease Late Symptoms Assessment
Metabolic Acidosis
Severe Uremia
Arrhythmias
Edema
CNS Depression
Anemia
Oliguria
Pruritus
Considerations
End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
GFR < 15mL/min
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2 mins
Chronic Kidney Disease Interventions
Interventions
Daily Weights
Strict I/O
Renal Diet
Strict Medication Regimen
Erythropoietin
Manage Hyperkalemia
Manage CKD-MBD
Dialysis
Kidney Transplant
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2 mins
Dialysis
Hemodialysis
Rapid Shifts of Fluid and Electrolytes
Disequilibrium Syndrome
Hypotension
NO BP IN ARM with Shunt or Fistula
Assess for Thrill and Bruit
Peritoneal Dialysis
Slow Process
Peritonitis
Loss of Protein
Hyperglycemia
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3 mins

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