Silvester Shared "MCB2 B3" - 27 Picmonics
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MCB2 B3
Kwashiorkor
- Protein Deficiency
- Swollen Belly
- MEALS
- Malnutrition
- Edema
- Anemia
- Liver Malfunction
- Skin Lesions
2 mins
Marasmus
- Deficiency of all Nutrients
- Body Weight < 60% of Normal
- Tissue and Muscle Wasting
- Loss of Subcutaneous Fat (Buttocks and Thighs)
- Variable Edema
2 mins
Gestational Diabetes
- Signs and Symptoms
- Usually Asymptomatic
- Fetal Macrosomia
- Polyhydramnios
- Diagnosis
- Glucose Intolerance After 24 Weeks Gestation
- 3-hr 100g Glucose Tolerance Test
- Treatment
- Diet and Exercise
- Close Glucose Monitoring
- Insulin
- Ultrasound (or Nonstress Test (NST))
- Delivery
2 mins
Metabolic Syndrome
- Assessment
- Dyslipidemia
- Central Obesity
- Insulin Resistance
- Hypertension
- Increased C-Reactive Protein (CRP)
- Increased Fibrinogen
- Considerations
- Increased Risk Cardiovascular Disease
1 min
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Diagnosis and Labs
- Diagnosis
- Blood glucose Increased > 250 mg/dL
- Anion gap metabolic acidosis
- Decreased pH < 7.3
- Decreased serum bicarbonate < 18
- Plasma ketones
- Other Labs
- Hyperkalemia
1 min
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
- Used for Diabetes Screening
- Fasting State
- Samples Drawn
- Baseline
- Normal < 100 mg/dL
- 30 and 60 Minutes
- Normal < 200 mg/dL
- 120 Minutes
- Normal < 140 mg/dL
2 mins
Diabetes Assessment
- Assessment Type 1
- Juvenile Onset
- Absent Insulin Production
- Ketosis Prone
- Assessment Type 2
- Adult Onset
- Insulin Resistance
- Obesity
- Gestational Diabetes
- Onset During Pregnancy
- Glucose Intolerance
- Complications
- Retinopathy
- Peripheral Vascular Disease
- Nephropathy
- Neuropathy
2 mins
Imatinib (Gleevec)
- Indications
- Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
- Inhibitor of BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase
- Caused by Philadelphia Chromosome
- GI Stromal Tumors
- Inhibitor of C-kit Tyrosine Kinase
- Toxicity
- Fluid Retention
1 min
Lynch Syndrome (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer)
- Characteristics
- Autosomal Dominant
- Defective DNA Mismatch Repair
- 80% Risk of Colon Cancer Development
- Proximal (Right) Colon
- Type II associated with Endometrial, Ovarian and Skin Cancers
- 3-2-1 Rule
- 3 Relatives with Colon Cancer
- Occurs Across 2 Generations
- 1 Relative Diagnosed < 50 Years Old
- Treatment
- Frequent Screening
- Colectomy
3 mins
Tamoxifen
- Mechanism of Action
- Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERM)
- Antagonist on Breast Tissue
- Indications
- ER-positive Breast Cancer
- Side Effects
- Decreased Risk of Osteoporosis
- Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer
- Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism (VTE)
1 min
Neurofibromatosis Type 1
- Pathophysiology
- Autosomal Dominant
- Chromosome 17
- Signs and Symptoms
- Neurofibromas
- Optic Glioma
- Lisch Nodules
- Hamartomas
- Cafe Au Lait Spots
- Scoliosis
- Pheochromocytoma
4 mins
MEN 2B (Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia)
- Pathophysiology
- RET Gene
- Autosomal Dominant
- Signs and Symptoms
- Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
- Pheochromocytoma
- Mucosal Neuromas
- Marfanoid Body Habitus
2 mins
Follicular Lymphoma
- Derives from Germinal Center
- Occurs in adults
- T14;18
- BCL 2 overexpression
- BCL 2 inhibits apoptosis
- Indolent
- Generalized lymphadenopathy
- Bone marrow involvement
2 mins
Burkitt's Lymphoma
- Adolescents or young adults
- C-myc gene moves next to heavy chain Ig gene
- T 8;14
- Starry sky appearance
- Sheets of lymphocytes with interspersed macrophages
- Jaw lesion in endemic (African) form
- Pelvis or abdomen in non endemic form (American form)
- Associated with EBV
2 mins
Retinoblastoma
- Leukocoria
- Autosomal Dominant
- Eye Pain, Proptosis
- Multiple Lesions
- Rb Gene Mutation
- Chromosome 13
- Optic Nerve Involvement, Metastasis
Cell Cycle Phases
- Characteristics
- G0 Phase
- Growth Arrest
- G1 Phase
- G1 Check By Rb And p53
- S Phase
- DNA Mismatch Repair
- DNA Synthesis
- G2 Phase
- G2 Check
- M Phase
- Mitosis And Cytokinesis
3 mins
Tumor Suppressor Genes and Associated Cancers (1)
- BRCA1/BRCA2: Breast and ovarian cancer
- BRCA: DNA Repair Protein
- DCC: Colon cancer
- DPC/SMAD4: Pancreatic Cancer
- p16: Makes Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
- p16 mutation: Melanoma
- p53: Makes Transcription factor for P21, blocks G1-->S
- PTEN: Breast, prostate, endometrial cancer
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
- Pathophysiology
- BCR-ABL
- 9;22 Translocation
- Philadelphia Chromosome
- Signs & Symptoms
- Tyrosine Kinase
- Low Alkaline Phosphatase
- Splenomegaly
- Considerations
- Blast Crisis
- Age 30 to 90 Years
- Responds to Imatinib
3 mins
Prophase
- Nuclear Membrane Disintegrates
- Centrioles Migrate
- Spindle Apparatus Forms
- Meiosis I starts Diploid
- Homologous Chromosomes form Tetrads
- Tetrads Cross Over
- Meiosis II starts Haploid
- Mitosis starts Diploid
- Sister Chromatid Pairs Stay Separated
2 mins
Anaphase
- Spindle Microtubules from Centrioles Split Pairs
- Meiosis I Tetrad Splits into Two Sister Chromatid Pairs
- Meiosis II Sister Chromatid Pair Splits into Two Chromatids
- Mitosis Sister Chromatid Pair Splits into Two Chromatids
1 min
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