Alex Shared "Ortho/Rheum" - 48 Picmonics
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Ortho/Rheum
Types of Fractures
- Nondisplaced
- Displaced
- Incomplete
- Complete
- Closed
- Open
- Direction of Fracture Line
2 mins
Salter-Harris Fracture Classification
- SMACK
- Slipped Across Physis (Type 1)
- Metaphysis and Physis (Type 2)
- Articular-Epiphyseal (Type 3)
- Complete Metaphysis and Epiphysis (Type 4)
- Krushed Physis (Type 5)
2 mins
Neurovascular Assessment 6 P's
- Pain
- Paresthesia
- Pulse
- Pallor
- Pressure
- Paralysis
1 min
Total Knee Replacement (TKR)
- Indications
- Joint Pain (Uncontrolled)
- Impaired Mobility
- Considerations
- Compression Dressing
- Frequent Neurovascular Assessments
- Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) Devices
- Early Ambulation
- Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Prophylaxis
- Limit Flexion Positions
- Monitor for Infection
2 mins
Herniated Disc (Nucleus Pulposus)
- Cause/Mechanism
- Spine Trauma
- Natural Degeneration
- Spinal Stenosis
- Assessment
- Pain
- Weakness
- Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
- Interventions
- Brace
- Medications
- Outpatient Procedures
- Surgery
2 mins
Supracondylar Fracture Of Humerus
- Mechanism
- Fall On Outstretched Hand (FOOSH)
- More Common In Children
- Signs & Symptoms
- Elbow Pain & Swelling
- Diagnosis
- X-ray Shows Elbow Effusion
- Anterior Sail Sign
- Posterior Fat Pad Sign
- Treatment
- Non-displaced: Splint And Sling
- Displaced: Closed Reduction With Percutaneous Pin Placement
- Considerations
- Compartment Syndrome
- Volkmann Ischemic Contracture
- Brachial Artery Injury
- Median Nerve Palsy
- Cubitus Varus Deformity
3 mins
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Median Nerve Entrapment
- Compression at Carpal Tunnel
- Numbness, Tingling and Pain in Hand
- Diagnosis
- Phalen's Maneuver
- Tinel's Sign
- Treatment
- Splints
- Surgery
- Steroids
2 mins
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation
- Axillary Nerve Damage
- Axillary Artery
- Rotator Cuff Injury
- Supraspinatus Tendon
- Anterior Glenohumeral Ligament
- Anatomic Lesions
- Bankart's Lesion
- Hill-Sachs Lesion
1 min
Osgood-Schlatter Disease (Tibial Tubercle Apophysitis)
- Pathophysiology
- Apophysitis of Tibial Tubercle
- Active, Young Boys
- Running and Jumping
- Overuse Injury
- Recent Growth Spurt
- Signs and Symptoms
- Diagnosis Made on History
- Anterior Knee Pain
- Enlarged Tibial Tubercle
- Edema
- Treatment
- Rest
- NSAIDs
- Activity Restriction
- Self-limiting
2 mins
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS)
- Pathophysiology
- Young Female Athletes
- Runners
- Overuse Injury
- Idiopathic Patellar & Retinacular Pain
- Signs & Symptoms
- Chronic Anterior Knee Pain
- Increased with Squatting or Running
- Increased with Prolonged Sitting or Climbing Stairs
- Diagnosis
- Patellofemoral Compression Test
- Apprehension Sign
- Treatment
- NSAIDs
- Conservative Therapy
- Bracing
3 mins
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE)
- Pathophysiology
- Separation of Femoral Epiphysis from Femoral Neck
- Through Growth Plate (Physeal Plate)
- Obesity
- Male Adolescents
- African American
- Growth and Sex Hormone Imbalances
- Signs & Symptoms
- Thigh or Knee Pain
- Inability to Bear Weight
- Decreased Internal Rotation of Hip
- Obligate External Rotation of Hip with Flexion
- Diagnosis
- Frog Leg Lateral X-ray
- Treatment
- Surgical Pinning
- Complications
- Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head
3 mins
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
- Pathophysiology
- Idiopathic Avascular Necrosis of Femoral Head
- Boys 5-7 Years of Age
- Symptoms < 18 Months
- Signs & Symptoms
- Painless Limp
- Limited Range of Motion
- Intermittent Anterior Thigh Pain
- Insidious Pain in Knee
- Atrophy of Upper Thigh
- Diagnosis
- AP and Frog Leg Lateral X-ray
- Compression and Deformity of Femoral Head
- Treatment
- Bed Rest
- NSAIDs
- Containment with Brace or Cast
- Surgery
4 mins
Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip
- Cause
- Abnormal Femoral Head in Acetabulum
- Newborn Assessment
- Positive Barlow Sign
- Clicking with Adduction
- Positive Ortolani Sign
- Clicking with Abduction
- Asymmetrical Limb Lengths and Folds (Gluteal and Thigh)
- Older Child Assessment
- Trendelenburg Sign
- Interventions
- Abduction Device
- Pavlik Harness
- Closed Reduction
3 mins
MCL Tear
- Mechanism
- Medial Knee Injury
- Unhappy Triad
- Football
- Skiing
- Sign
- Valgus Stress Test
- Treatment
- Conservative Management
54 secs
ACL Tear
- Mechanism
- Non-contact
- Popping
- Sudden Stop
- Change in Direction
- Unhappy Triad
- Sign
- Lachman Test
- Treatment
- Reconstruction if Severe
1 min
Meniscus Tear
- Fibrocartilage Semicircular Band
- Traumatic
- Unhappy Triad
- Degenerative
- Symptoms
- Clicking and Locking
- McMurray Test
- Pain on External Rotation
- Treatment
- Conservative Management
- Surgery
1 min
Osteosarcoma
- Pathophysiology
- Osteogenic Sarcoma
- Peak incidence men 10-20 years old
- Metaphysis of Long Bones
- Knee Region
- Radiation
- Familial Retinoblastoma
- Paget's Disease
- Diagnosis
- Codman Triangle
- Sunburst Pattern from Elevated Periosteum
- Grave Prognosis
2 mins
Chondrosarcoma
- Pathophysiology
- Cartilaginous tumor
- Malignant
- Men 30-60 years old
- Pelvic and femur bones
- Signs & Symptoms
- Glistening mass in medullary cavity
- Can be primary in origin or from osteochondroma
- Metastasize to lungs
1 min
Ewing's Sarcoma
- Epidemiology
- Most Common in Boys < 15 years old
- Pathophysiology
- 11;22 Translocation
- Characteristics
- Long bones, Pelvis, Ribs
- Diaphysis
- Small Blue Cells
- Malignant
- Aggressive
- Onion-skin Appearance
- TREATMENT
- Responsive to Chemotherapy
2 mins
Giant Cell Tumor
- Pathophysiology
- Osteoclastoma
- Epiphyseal End of Long Bones
- Peak Incidence 20-40 Years
- Benign
- Knee Region
- Diagnosis
- Soap Bubble Appearance on X-ray
- Spindle-shaped Cells
- Multinucleated Giant Cells
46 secs
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