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Neal Shared "Test" - 2029 Picmonics

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Test

Coccidioidomycosis (OLD VERSION)
Characteristics
Fungi
Dimorphic
Southwest
After earthquakes
Spherule
20-60 um
Signs and Symptoms
Pneumonia
Meningitis
Bone Infection
Skin infections
Erythema Nodosum
Granulomatous Inflammation
Caseous Necrosis
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2 mins
Tricuspid Regurgitation (OLD VERSION)
Holosystolic
Blowing Murmur
Radiates to Left Sternal Border
Enhanced by inspiration
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40 secs
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (OLD VERSION)
Mycolic acid cell wall
Acid Fast
Carbolfuchsin Stain Red
Serpentine cord factor
1st degree TB
Ghon focus
Perihilar lobar lymph nodes
Ghon complex
2nd degree TB
Reactivation in apex
Caseating granuloma
Fever
Weight loss
Night Sweats
Hemoptysis
Extrapulmonary disease
Addison's when affects adrenal glands
Kidneys
GI
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Liver
Bones
Pott's disease
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3 mins
Diabetic Glomerulonephropathy (OLD VERSION)
Nonenzymatic glycosylation of glomerular basement membrane
Nonenzymatic glycosylation of arterioles
Hyaline arteriolosclerosis
Increased GFR
Mesangial expansion
Type IV collagen deposition
Kimmelstiel Wilson lesions
Nephrotic
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3 mins
Renal Corpuscle (OLD VERSION)
Characteristics
Arterioles
Glomerulus
Capillaries
Fenestrations
Plasma Solutes And Proteins Secreted As Ultrafiltrate
Bowman's Capsule Encapsulates Glomerulus
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2 mins
Asthma Assessment
Assessment
Triggers (Cold air, Dander, Dust, Infection, Mold, Pollen, Smoke)
Shortness of Breath (SOB)
Tachypnea and Tachycardia
Wheezing
Diaphoresis
Accessory Muscles
Decreased Pulmonary Function Tests
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2 mins
Asthma Implementation and Education
Medication
Oxygen
Corticosteroids
Ipratropium (Anticholinergic)
Albuterol
Implementation
Inhaler/nebulizer
Pulse Oximetry
Pursed Lip Breathing
Education
Carry Inhaler
Rinse Mouth after Inhaler
Identify Trigger (Cold Air, Dander, Dust, Infection, Mold, Pollen, Smoke)
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2 mins
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Mechanism of Action
Increases Inotropy
Indications
Heart Failure
Atrial Fibrillation
Side Effects
Bradycardia
Fatigue
Contraindications
Heart Block
Nursing Considerations
Heart Rate Below 60
Hypokalemia
Monitor for Toxicity and Visual Changes
Digibind
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2 mins
Mumps (Parotitis)
Mechanism
Paramyxovirus
Signs and Symptoms
Fever
Headache
Earache
Orchitis
Pain and Swelling of Parotid Glands
Considerations
MMR Vaccination
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1 min
Seizure Interventions
Maintain Airway
Side-lying Position
Support Head
Move to Floor
Benzodiazepines
Considerations
Never Restrain
No Objects in Mouth
Document Details
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2 mins
Seizure Precautions
Reduce Environmental Stimuli
Identify Triggers
Aura
Pad Side Rails
Bed Lowest Position
Oxygen and Suction Available
Consideration
Monitor Therapeutic Drug Levels
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2 mins
Orchi/o or Orchid/o
Meaning
Testes
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39 secs
Ixodes
meaning
Tick
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26 secs
Gardner Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) with Extraintestinal Benign Growths
Autosomal Dominant
APC Gene Mutation
Extraintestinal and Benign Manifestations
Desmoid Tumors
Nasal Angiofibromas
Osteomas
Congenital Hypertrophy of Retinal Pigment Epithelium (CHRPE)
Dental Abnormalities
Cutaneous Lesions
Adrenal Adenomas
Associated Malignancies
Thyroid Cancer
Duodenum/Periampullary Cancer
Pancreatic Cancer
Hepatoblastoma
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Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Dominant
Mutation on Chromosome 5
APC Tumor Suppressor Gene Mutation
Overexpression of β-catenin
Two-Hit Hypothesis
manifestations
Postpubertal Appearance of Thousands of Polyps
Always Involves Rectum
Pancolonic
Associations
Hepatoblastoma
Most Patients Develop Colorectal Carcinoma (CRC) by 40 years of age
Interventions
Prophylactic Colectomy
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3 mins
Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Autosomal Dominant
Children < 5 Years Old
manifestations
Hamartomatous Polyps
Found in the Stomach, Small Intestine and Colon
Large Number Increases Risk of Colorectal Carcinoma
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2 mins
Acetaminophen-Hydrocodone (Vicodin)
Mechanism of Action
Combination Analgesic
Opioid Receptor Agonist
Hydrocodone
Reversible Inhibition of COX
Acetaminophen
Indication
Moderate to Severe Pain
Side Effects
CNS Depression
Respiratory Depression
Hepatotoxicity
Considerations
Addiction
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2 mins
AV Heart Blocks (DELETED)
First Degree
First Degree: PR> 200 msec
No Treatment Needed
Second Degree
Mobitz I (Wenkebach): Progressive lengthening of PR intervals leading to dropped beat
Exercise improves, Vagal maneuvers worsen
Mobitz II: Dropped beats with no preceding PR Prolongation
Atropine
Electrical pacing
Third Degree
Third Degree (complete): P waves and QRS Beat independently
Treated with pacing
Lyme Can Cause 3rd Degree Block
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2 mins
Xeroderma Pigmentosum
Pathophysiology
Defective Nucleotide Excision Repair
Pyrimidine Dimer Accumulation
Autosomal Recessive
Susceptible to UVA and UVB Rays
Presentation
Actinic Keratosis
Neurodegeneration
Photosensitivity
Corneal Ulcers
Hyperpigmented Lentigines
Considerations
Increased Risk of Skin Cancer
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3 mins
Kartagener Syndrome (Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia)
inheritance pattern
Autosomal Recessive
pathogenesis
Immotile Cilia Due to a Dynein Arm Defect
Symptoms
Decreased Male and Female Fertility
Immotile Sperm
Dysfunctional Fallopian Tube Cilia
Increased Risk of Ectopic Pregnancy
Bronchiectasis
Recurrent Sinusitis
Chronic Ear Infections
Conductive Hearing Loss
Situs Inversus (Dextrocardia on Chest X-Ray)
SCreening
Decreased Nasal Nitric Oxide Used as Screening Test
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5 mins

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