Kate Shared "UTMB Adult Health 3: Topic 5" - 19 Picmonics
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UTMB Adult Health 3: Topic 5
Central Nervous System (CNS)
- Characteristics
- Frontal Lobe
- Parietal Lobe
- Temporal Lobe
- Occipital Lobe
- Medulla Oblongata
- Cerebellum
- Pons
- Spinal Cord
- Dorsal Root Ganglia
- Grey Matter
- White Matter
2 mins
Anterior Cerebral Artery
- Contralateral paralysis of lower limb
- Contralateral loss of sensation in lower limb
1 min
Middle Cerebral Artery
- Contralateral paralysis upper limb and face
- Contralateral loss of sensation of upper limb and face
- Affects Wernicke's area and Broca's area
- Aphasia if Lesion in Dominant (Left) Hemisphere
- Hemineglect if lesion in nondominant (right) hemisphere
1 min
Autonomic Nervous System
- Characteristics
- Sympathetic Nervous System
- Fight or Flight
- All Preganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
- Sympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Norepinephrine
- Antagonistic Effects of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
- Parasympathetic Nervous System
- Rest and Digest
- Parasympathetic Postganglionic Neurons Release Acetylcholine
2 mins
Somatic Reflex Arc
- Spinal Cord
- Sensory (Afferent) Neuron
- Interneurons Transmit
- Motor (Efferent) Neuron
- Effector Targets
1 min
Eye
- Characteristics
- Sclera
- Cornea
- Iris
- Lens
- Ciliary Muscles
- Optic Nerve
- Rods
- Cones
- Retina
1 min
Types of Head Injuries
- Open Head Injury
- Linear Fracture
- Comminuted Fracture
- Depressed Fracture
- Open Fracture
- Basilar Skull Fracture
- Closed Head Injury
- Coup and Contrecoup
- Brain Contusion
- Concussion
2 mins
Traumatic Brain Injury Assessment
- Assessment
- Change in LOC
- Personality Changes
- Amnesia
- Increased Intracranial Pressure
- Diplopia
- Posturing
- Location of Injury
- Basilar Skull Fracture
- Halo or Ring Sign
- Considerations
- Intracranial Bleeding
2 mins
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Assessment
- Change in LOC
- Headache
- Cushings Triad
- Irregular Respirations
- Widening Pulse Pressure
- Bradycardia
- Projectile Vomiting
- Abnormal Pupils
- Papilledema
- Posturing
2 mins
Increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) Interventions
- Interventions
- Elevate Head Of Bed
- Foley Catheter
- Mannitol (Osmitrol)
- High Dose Barbiturates
- Passive Hyperventilation
- Dexamethasone (Neoplasm or Infection)
- Considerations
- Neuro Assessment
- Maintain Normal Temperature
- Avoid Activities That Increase ICP
- Intracranial Monitoring System
2 mins
Types of Strokes
- Warning Signs
- Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
- Reversible Ischemic Neurologic Deficit (RIND)
- Types
- Ischemic
- Thrombotic
- Atherosclerosis
- Embolic
- Atrial Fibrillation
- Hemorrhagic
- Severe Hypertension
3 mins
Right Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
- Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia)
- Poor Proprioception
- Disoriented to Person, Place, Time
- Can't Recognize Faces (Prosopagnosia)
- Loss of Judgement and Awareness
- Impulsiveness
- Personality Changes
- Tonal Hearing Loss
2 mins
Left Hemisphere Stroke Assessment
- Opposite Side Weakness (Hemiplegia)
- Side to Side Discrimination
- Aphasia
- Agraphia
- Slow Performance
- Aware of Deficits
- Anxiety
- Depression
2 mins
Hydrocephalus
- Cause
- Increased CSF in Ventricles of Brain
- Assessment
- Signs of Increased ICP
- Infant Assessment
- High Pitched Cry
- Irritability
- Opisthotonus
- Increased Head Circumference
- Bulging Fontanel
- Setting Sun Sign
- Interventions
- Seizure Precautions
- Elevate HOB
- CSF Shunt
2 mins
Autonomic Dysreflexia
- Injury Above T6
- Assessment
- Paroxysmal Hypertension
- Bradycardia
- Diaphoresis
- Flushing Above Lesion
- Piloerection
- Nasal Congestion
- Headache
- Interventions
- Elevate Head of Bed
- Remove Noxious Stimuli
2 mins
Cauda Equina Syndrome
- Acute Loss of Lumbar Plexus Function
- Surgical Emergency
- Saddle Anesthesia
- Causes
- Inflammatory Disorders
- Spinal Stenosis
- Trauma
- Lesions
- Symptoms
- Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
- Sciatica
- Diagnosis
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Clinical
1 min
Tethered Cord Syndrome
- Pathophysiology
- Thickened Filum Terminale
- Meningeal Adhesions
- Spinal Canal Obstruction
- Clinical Features
- Back Pain
- Urinary and Fecal Incontinence
- Ataxia
- Diagnosis
- MRI
- Treatment
- Surgery
3 mins
Epidural Hematoma
- Mechanism
- Middle Meningeal Artery Rupture
- Temporal Bone Fracture
- Hematoma Between Skull And Dura Mater
- Transtentorial Herniation
- Lucid Interval
- Imaging
- Lens-shaped on CT
- Does Not Cross Suture Lines
- Treatment
- Craniotomy
1 min
Subdural Hematoma
- Mechanism
- Tear of Bridging Veins
- Slow Bleeding, Over Time
- Imaging
- Subdural Space
- Crescent-shaped on CT
- Crosses Suture Lines
- Midline Shift
- Causes
- Elderly
- Whiplash
- Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome)
2 mins
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