Ramon Shared "Pharm lecture 2" - 32 Picmonics
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Pharm lecture 2
Cisplatin
- Indications
- Carcinomas
- Ovarian
- Bladder
- Lung
- Testicular
- Mechanism
- Cross-Links DNA
- Side Effects
- Ototoxicity
- Nephrotoxicity
- Treat with Amifostine and Chloride Diuresis
2 mins
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
- Indications
- Solid Tumors
- Lymphomas and Leukemias
- Mechanism
- Free Radical Production
- Intercalates DNA
- Prevents Double Helix from Sealing
- Side Effect
- Cardiotoxicity
- Dexrazoxane Decreases Toxicity
1 min
Etoposide
- Indications
- Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Testicular Cancer
- Mechanism of Action
- Inhibits Topoisomerase II
- Errors in DNA Synthesis Cause Apoptosis
- Side Effects
- Myelosuppression
- Alopecia
- Hypotension
- Nausea and Vomiting
2 mins
Paclitaxel (Taxanes)
- Mechanism of Action
- Taxane
- Stabilizes Microtubules
- Indications
- Breast Cancer
- Ovarian Cancer
- Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
- Kaposi Sarcoma (HHV-8)
- Side Effects
- Mucositis
- Myelosuppression
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Hypersensitivity
- Alopecia
- Considerations
- Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
2 mins
Vincristine (Oncovin)
- Mechanism
- Vinca Alkaloid
- Inhibits Microtubules
- Indications
- Leukemias
- Lymphomas
- Side Effects
- Peripheral Neuropathy
- Paralytic Ileus
- Considerations
- Vesicant
2 mins
Methotrexate
- Indications
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Cancer
- Medical Abortion
- Mechanism
- Folic Acid Analog
- Inhibits Dihydrofolate Reductase
- Side Effects
- Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Myelosuppression is Treated with Leucovorin Rescue (Folinic Acid)
- Macrocytic Anemia
- Hepatitis
- Teratogenic
- Mucositis
2 mins
Fluorouracil (5-FU)
- Mechanism
- Antimetabolite
- "Thymine-less Death"
- Indications
- Slow-growing Solid Tumors
- Co-administered with Leucovorin for Stomach Cancer
- Basal Cell Carcinoma (Topical)
- Side Effects
- Myelosuppression
- Mucositis
- Severe Diarrhea
3 mins
Imatinib (Gleevec)
- Indications
- Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
- Inhibitor of BCR-ABL Tyrosine Kinase
- Caused by Philadelphia Chromosome
- GI Stromal Tumors
- Inhibitor of C-kit Tyrosine Kinase
- Toxicity
- Fluid Retention
1 min
Metronidazole
- Mechanism of Action
- Bactericidal
- Forms Free Radical Toxic Metabolites
- Damages DNA
- Indications
- Giardia lamblia
- Entamoeba Histolytica
- Trichomonas
- Gardnerella
- Anaerobes
- Side Effects
- Metallic taste
- Disulfiram like Reaction with Alcohol
2 mins
Cyclosporine (Sandimmune) Overview
- Mechanism
- Immunosuppressant
- Inhibits Calcineurin, Decreasing IL-2
- Indications
- Prevent Transplant Rejection
- Psoriasis
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Considerations
- Monitor Plasma Levels
- Avoid Grapefruit Juice
- Increased Risk of Lymphoma
2 mins
Tacrolimus (Prograf) Overview
- Mechanisms
- Immunosuppressant
- Inhibits Calcineurin, Decreasing IL-2
- Indications
- Transplant Rejection
- Atopic Dermatitis
- Considerations
- Increased Lymphoma Risk
- Avoid Grapefruit Juice
1 min
Prednisone (Glucocorticoids)
- Mechanism
- Glucocorticoid
- Indications
- Inflammatory Conditions
- Organ Transplant Rejection
- Side Effects
- Cataracts and Glaucoma
- Cushing's Syndrome
- Osteoporosis
- Immunosuppression
- Hyperglycemia
- Ulcers
- Considerations
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- Taper Gradually
2 mins
Cyclophosphamide
- Mechanism
- Requires Bioactivation by Liver
- Cross-links DNA
- Guanine N7 Position
- Indications
- Autoimmune Disorders
- Leukemia
- Lymphoma
- Solid Tumors
- Side Effects
- Myelosuppression
- Hemorrhagic Cystitis
- Prevent with Mesna
3 mins
Rituximab
- Indications
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
- Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Microscopic Polyangiitis (MPA)
- Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Formerly Wegener's)
- Mechanism
- Monoclonal Antibody Against CD20
- Found on B Cell Neoplasms
- Side Effects
- Infusion Reactions
- Skin and Mouth Reactions
- Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML)
3 mins
RhoGam [Rho(D) Immune Globulin]
- Indications
- Antepartum Prevention at 28 weeks
- Suppress Antibody Production
- Mechanism of Action
- Lysis of Fetal RBC in Maternal Bloodstream
- Side Effects
- Myalgia and Lethargy
- Considerations
- Negative Coombs Test
- Standard Dose 300 mcg
- Microdose 50 mcg
- Blood Product
2 mins
Cimetidine and Famotidine (H2 Receptor Blockers)
- -tidine Suffix
- Mechanism
- H2 Receptor Blocker
- Indications
- Suppress Gastric Acid Secretion
- Side Effects (All)
- Pneumonia
- Side Effects - Cimetidine
- Anti-androgen Effects
- CNS Changes
2 mins
Nystatin
- Indications
- Candidiasis
- Vaginal
- Oral
- Cutaneous
- Mechanism
- Polyene
- Binds Ergosterol
- Forms Membrane Pores
- Topical form of Amphotericin B
- Side Effects
- Rash
1 min
Terbinafine
- Indications
- Dermatophytosis
- Onychomycosis
- Mechanism
- Inhibits Squalene Epoxidase
- Side Effects
- Hepatotoxicity
- GI Distress
- Taste Disturbances
- Headache
2 mins
Amphotericin B
- Indications
- Systemic Mycosis
- Fungal Meningitis
- Last Resort for Protozoan infections
- Mechanism
- Polyene
- Binds Ergosterol
- Forms Membrane Pores
1 min
Amphotericin B Side Effects & Toxicity
- Side Effects
- Fever/Chills "Shake and Bake"
- Nephrotoxicity
- Milder with Liposomes
- Hypotension
- Anemia
- IV Phlebitis
- Arrhythmias
1 min
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