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Chiara Shared "NURS 260" - 8 Picmonics

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NURS 260

Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
Pathophysiology
Autosomal Dominant
Mutation on Chromosome 5
APC Tumor Suppressor Gene Mutation
Overexpression of β-catenin
Two-Hit Hypothesis
manifestations
Postpubertal Appearance of Thousands of Polyps
Always Involves Rectum
Pancolonic
Associations
Hepatoblastoma
Most Patients Develop Colorectal Carcinoma (CRC) by 40 years of age
Interventions
Prophylactic Colectomy
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3 mins
Cystic Fibrosis Assessment
Thickened Mucus
Recurrent Pulmonary Infections
Pulmonary Congestion
Pancreatic Insufficiency
Steatorrhea
Fat-Soluble Vitamin Deficiencies
Salty Taste to Skin
Meconium Ileus
Delayed Growth and Poor Weight Gain
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2 mins
Down Syndrome
Pathophysiology
Trisomy 21
Meiotic Nondisjunction
Signs and Symptoms
Intellectual Disability (Mental Retardation)
Single palmar crease
Flat Facies
Duodenal Atresia
Hirschsprung's Disease
Septum Primum Type ASD
Endocardial Cushion Defects
Prominent Epicanthal Folds
Increased Risk of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Alzheimer's Disease
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3 mins
II—Familial hypercholesterolemia
Autosomal Dominant
Absent or Defective LDL Receptor
Increases LDL
Accelerated atherosclerosis
Tendon Xanthomas
Corneal Arcus
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Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis
Autosomal Dominant
Mutation of APC gene
Chromosome 5q
2 hit hypothesis
Thousands of polyps arise starting after puberty
Pancolonic; always involves the rectum
Colonoscopies starting at age 10 and repeated every year
Prophylactic colectomy or 100% progress to Colorectal Cancer
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Huntington's Disease Assessment and Interventions
Assessment
Decreased GABA
Appears around Age 40
Slow Cognitive Decline
Choreiform Movements
Non Repetitive Jerks
Interventions
Neuroleptics
Tetrabenazine
Genetic Counseling
Considerations
Stages of Disease
High Calorie Diet
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2 mins
Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
Characteristics
Non-enveloped
Circular
Double Stranded DNA
Disease
Warts 1, 2, 6, 11
Condyloma acuminata
Type 16, 18
Cervical Carcinoma
Penile Carcinoma
AIDS/Immunocompromised
Worsened by Smoking
Diagnosis
Koilocytic change in squamous epithelium
Pyknotic Nuclei Surrounded by Clear Halo
Treatment
Vaccine Available
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4 mins
Cancer Warning Signs (CAUTION)
CAUTION
Change in Bowel or Bladder Habits
A Sore That Does Not Heal
Unusual Bleeding or Discharge
Thickening or Lump in the Breast or Elsewhere
Dyspepsia (Indigestion)
Obvious Change to Warts or Moles
Nagging Cough
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1 min

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Chiara Shared NURS 260 - 8 Picmonics